What Is The Correct Name For The Hydrate $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$?A. Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate B. Copper(II) Sulfate-5-water C. Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate D. Cupric Sulfate Pentahydrate E. Copper Sulfate-5-hydrate

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Understanding the Chemical Formula

The chemical formula $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ represents a compound that consists of copper(II) sulfate and five molecules of water. To determine the correct name for this hydrate, we need to break down the formula and understand the rules for naming chemical compounds.

IUPAC Nomenclature Rules

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides a set of rules for naming chemical compounds. According to IUPAC, the name of a compound should be based on the names of its constituent elements and the number of atoms of each element present in the compound.

Naming the Anhydrous Compound

The anhydrous compound, copper(II) sulfate, is named by combining the name of the cation (copper) with the name of the anion (sulfate). The Roman numeral (II) is used to indicate the oxidation state of the copper ion.

Adding the Hydrate Part

To name the hydrate, we need to indicate the number of water molecules present in the compound. In this case, the formula shows that there are five molecules of water. The prefix "penta-" is used to indicate the number five.

Correct Name of the Hydrate

Based on the IUPAC rules, the correct name for the hydrate $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ is Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.

Comparison with Other Options

Let's compare the correct name with the other options:

  • A. Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate: This is the correct name.
  • B. Copper(II) sulfate-5-water: This name is incorrect because it uses a hyphen instead of the prefix "penta-".
  • C. Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate: This is the correct name.
  • D. Cupric sulfate pentahydrate: This name is incorrect because it uses the name "cupric" instead of "copper(II)".
  • E. Copper sulfate-5-hydrate: This name is incorrect because it uses a hyphen instead of the prefix "penta-" and the word "hydrate" instead of "pentahydrate".

Conclusion

In conclusion, the correct name for the hydrate $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ is Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. This name follows the IUPAC rules for naming chemical compounds and accurately reflects the composition of the compound.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Q: What is the difference between a hydrate and a solvate? A: A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules, while a solvate is a compound that contains a solvent other than water.
  • Q: How do I determine the number of water molecules in a hydrate? A: You can determine the number of water molecules by looking at the formula of the compound. In this case, the formula $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ shows that there are five molecules of water.
  • Q: What is the IUPAC name for the anhydrous compound copper(II) sulfate? A: The IUPAC name for the anhydrous compound copper(II) sulfate is simply copper(II) sulfate.

Additional Resources

  • IUPAC Nomenclature Rules: www.iupac.org
  • Chemical Formula: $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$
  • Anhydrous Compound: Copper(II) sulfate
  • Hydrate: Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate

Understanding the Chemical Formula

The chemical formula $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ represents a compound that consists of copper(II) sulfate and five molecules of water. To determine the correct name for this hydrate, we need to break down the formula and understand the rules for naming chemical compounds.

IUPAC Nomenclature Rules

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides a set of rules for naming chemical compounds. According to IUPAC, the name of a compound should be based on the names of its constituent elements and the number of atoms of each element present in the compound.

Naming the Anhydrous Compound

The anhydrous compound, copper(II) sulfate, is named by combining the name of the cation (copper) with the name of the anion (sulfate). The Roman numeral (II) is used to indicate the oxidation state of the copper ion.

Adding the Hydrate Part

To name the hydrate, we need to indicate the number of water molecules present in the compound. In this case, the formula shows that there are five molecules of water. The prefix "penta-" is used to indicate the number five.

Correct Name of the Hydrate

Based on the IUPAC rules, the correct name for the hydrate $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ is Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.

Q&A Session

Q: What is the difference between a hydrate and a solvate?

A: A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules, while a solvate is a compound that contains a solvent other than water.

Q: How do I determine the number of water molecules in a hydrate?

A: You can determine the number of water molecules by looking at the formula of the compound. In this case, the formula $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ shows that there are five molecules of water.

Q: What is the IUPAC name for the anhydrous compound copper(II) sulfate?

A: The IUPAC name for the anhydrous compound copper(II) sulfate is simply copper(II) sulfate.

Q: Why is the Roman numeral (II) used in the name of the copper ion?

A: The Roman numeral (II) is used to indicate the oxidation state of the copper ion. In this case, the copper ion has a +2 charge.

Q: Can you give an example of a solvate?

A: Yes, an example of a solvate is copper(II) chloride dihydrate, which contains two molecules of water.

Q: How do I know if a compound is a hydrate or a solvate?

A: You can determine if a compound is a hydrate or a solvate by looking at the formula of the compound. If the formula contains water molecules, it is a hydrate. If the formula contains a solvent other than water, it is a solvate.

Q: What is the difference between a hydrate and a complex?

A: A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules, while a complex is a compound that contains a central atom or ion surrounded by one or more ligands.

Q: Can you give an example of a complex?

A: Yes, an example of a complex is copper(II) sulfate tetraammine, which contains a copper ion surrounded by four ammonia molecules.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the correct name for the hydrate $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ is Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. This name follows the IUPAC rules for naming chemical compounds and accurately reflects the composition of the compound.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Q: What is the difference between a hydrate and a solvate? A: A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules, while a solvate is a compound that contains a solvent other than water.
  • Q: How do I determine the number of water molecules in a hydrate? A: You can determine the number of water molecules by looking at the formula of the compound. In this case, the formula $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$ shows that there are five molecules of water.
  • Q: What is the IUPAC name for the anhydrous compound copper(II) sulfate? A: The IUPAC name for the anhydrous compound copper(II) sulfate is simply copper(II) sulfate.

Additional Resources

  • IUPAC Nomenclature Rules: www.iupac.org
  • Chemical Formula: $CuSO_4 \cdot 5 H_2 O$
  • Anhydrous Compound: Copper(II) sulfate
  • Hydrate: Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate