Use The Periodic Table To Calculate The Molar Mass Of Each Compound Below. All Answers Must Have 2 Decimal Places.- Sodium Hydroxide ( N A O H (NaOH ( N A O H ]: □ \square □ G/mol- Water ( H 2 O (H_2O ( H 2 O ]: □ \square □ G/mol- Glucose
Understanding Molar Mass
Molar mass is a fundamental concept in chemistry that represents the total mass of a molecule, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is a crucial parameter in various chemical calculations, including stoichiometry and chemical reactions. The molar mass of a compound can be calculated by summing the atomic masses of its constituent elements, as listed on the periodic table.
Calculating Molar Mass of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
To calculate the molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), we need to sum the atomic masses of sodium (Na), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H). The atomic masses of these elements are:
- Sodium (Na): 22.99 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
The formula for sodium hydroxide is NaOH, which means it consists of one sodium atom, one oxygen atom, and one hydrogen atom. Therefore, the molar mass of sodium hydroxide can be calculated as follows:
Molar mass of NaOH = (1 x atomic mass of Na) + (1 x atomic mass of O) + (1 x atomic mass of H) = (1 x 22.99 g/mol) + (1 x 16.00 g/mol) + (1 x 1.01 g/mol) = 40.00 g/mol
Calculating Molar Mass of Water (H2O)
To calculate the molar mass of water (H2O), we need to sum the atomic masses of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The atomic masses of these elements are:
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol
The formula for water is H2O, which means it consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Therefore, the molar mass of water can be calculated as follows:
Molar mass of H2O = (2 x atomic mass of H) + (1 x atomic mass of O) = (2 x 1.01 g/mol) + (1 x 16.00 g/mol) = 18.02 g/mol
Calculating Molar Mass of Glucose (C6H12O6)
To calculate the molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6), we need to sum the atomic masses of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms. The atomic masses of these elements are:
- Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol
The formula for glucose is C6H12O6, which means it consists of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms. Therefore, the molar mass of glucose can be calculated as follows:
Molar mass of C6H12O6 = (6 x atomic mass of C) + (12 x atomic mass of H) + (6 x atomic mass of O) = (6 x 12.01 g/mol) + (12 x 1.01 g/mol) + (6 x 16.00 g/mol) = 180.16 g/mol
Conclusion
In conclusion, the molar masses of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), water (H2O), and glucose (C6H12O6) are 40.00 g/mol, 18.02 g/mol, and 180.16 g/mol, respectively. These values can be used in various chemical calculations, including stoichiometry and chemical reactions.
References
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition
- IUPAC Periodic Table of Elements
- Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, 2nd Edition by Steven S. Zumdahl
Q: What is molar mass?
A: Molar mass is the total mass of a molecule, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is a fundamental concept in chemistry that represents the total mass of a molecule.
Q: How is molar mass calculated?
A: Molar mass is calculated by summing the atomic masses of the constituent elements in a molecule. The atomic masses of elements can be found on the periodic table.
Q: What are the units of molar mass?
A: The units of molar mass are grams per mole (g/mol).
Q: Why is molar mass important?
A: Molar mass is important because it is used in various chemical calculations, including stoichiometry and chemical reactions. It helps chemists to determine the amount of substance required for a reaction and to predict the products of a reaction.
Q: How do I calculate the molar mass of a compound?
A: To calculate the molar mass of a compound, you need to sum the atomic masses of the constituent elements in the compound. You can find the atomic masses of elements on the periodic table.
Q: What is the difference between atomic mass and molar mass?
A: Atomic mass is the mass of a single atom of an element, while molar mass is the total mass of a molecule, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).
Q: Can I use molar mass to determine the number of moles of a substance?
A: Yes, you can use molar mass to determine the number of moles of a substance. The number of moles of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its molar mass.
Q: How do I convert between grams and moles?
A: To convert between grams and moles, you can use the following formula:
moles = mass (in grams) / molar mass (in g/mol)
Q: What is the significance of molar mass in everyday life?
A: Molar mass is significant in everyday life because it is used in various applications, including medicine, food production, and environmental science. For example, molar mass is used to determine the amount of medication required for a patient, to calculate the nutritional content of food, and to predict the environmental impact of chemical reactions.
Q: Can I use molar mass to determine the density of a substance?
A: Yes, you can use molar mass to determine the density of a substance. The density of a substance can be calculated by dividing its mass by its volume.
Q: How do I calculate the density of a substance using molar mass?
A: To calculate the density of a substance using molar mass, you need to know the mass and volume of the substance. The density of the substance can be calculated by dividing its mass by its volume.
Conclusion
In conclusion, molar mass is a fundamental concept in chemistry that represents the total mass of a molecule, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is used in various chemical calculations, including stoichiometry and chemical reactions. By understanding molar mass, you can determine the amount of substance required for a reaction, predict the products of a reaction, and calculate the density of a substance.
References
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition
- IUPAC Periodic Table of Elements
- Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, 2nd Edition by Steven S. Zumdahl