Toxicity Toxisistas Subchronic Extract Ethanol Tanoh Leaf (picria Felt-terrae Lour) In The Heart Of Mice
Toxicity of Tanoh Leaf Extract (Picria Fel-Terrae Lour.) in the Heart of Mice: A Subchronic Study
Introduction
The use of herbal medicine has been increasing in recent years due to its potential benefits and lower side effects compared to conventional medicine. One of the plants that have been studied for its medicinal properties is the Tanoh Pugun (Picria Fel-Terrae Lour.), a member of the Linderniaeae family. This plant has been reported to have various properties, including anthelmintic, antihypertensive, anti-diuretic, diuretic, and antioxidant activities. However, the toxicity of this plant has not been extensively studied, particularly in relation to its impact on the heart organ.
Background
The Tanoh Pugun plant has been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including the treatment of diabetes, hypertension, and other diseases. However, the use of this plant has also been associated with potential side effects, including toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaves in mice and its impact on the heart organ.
Methods
This study used an experimental approach, involving 70 mice (male and female) that were divided into seven treatment groups. Each group consisted of five male mice and five female mice. The control group was given 0.5% Na-CMC, while the treatment group received an ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaves with a dose of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight. In addition, there was a satellite group consisting of two groups: one control group given 0.5% Na-CMC and a high dose group given ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaves with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight. Observations were made for 90 days, including toxic symptoms, weight gain, mortality, total cholesterol levels, and triglycerides, macropathology examinations, relative organs, and cardiac histopathology studies, which were carried out for 118 days for satellite groups.
Results
The results of this study showed that the dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight from the ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaf caused signs of toxicity, characterized by changes in physical behavior, such as changes in hair and eye mucosa, as well as death in male mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, as well as in male and female mice in satellite groups with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight. All doses (125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight) also caused an increase in triglyceride levels compared to the control group. In histopathological tests, changes in heart muscle cells were found, such as hydrophic degeneration, interstitial bleeding, and necrosis at a dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight.
Discussion
The results of this study suggest that the ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaves is safe at a dose of 125 and 250 mg/kg body weight. However, at a dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, this extract shows a significant toxic effect for 90 days of testing. The toxic effect that occurs appears to be reversible after the termination of extract administration, which is indicated by reduced damage to the heart muscle cells in the satellite group with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight compared to the same dose.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this study provides important information about the subchronic toxicity profile of Pugun Tanoh leaves, which can be a reference for the development of herbal therapy and further research on the long-term impact of the use of this extract. The results of this study suggest that the ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaves is safe at a dose of 125 and 250 mg/kg body weight, but at a dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, this extract shows a significant toxic effect for 90 days of testing.
Recommendations
Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that further research be conducted to investigate the long-term impact of the use of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract. Additionally, the development of herbal therapy using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract should be conducted with caution, taking into account the potential toxic effects of this extract.
Limitations
This study has several limitations, including the use of a small sample size and the short duration of the study. Additionally, the study only investigated the subchronic toxicity of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract, and further research is needed to investigate the long-term impact of the use of this extract.
Future Directions
Future research should focus on investigating the long-term impact of the use of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract, as well as the development of herbal therapy using this extract. Additionally, further research should be conducted to investigate the potential mechanisms of action of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract and its potential interactions with other medications.
References
- [List of references cited in the study]
Appendix
- [Appendix containing additional information, such as tables and figures]
Abstract
The use of herbal medicine has been increasing in recent years due to its potential benefits and lower side effects compared to conventional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaves in mice and its impact on the heart organ. The results of this study showed that the dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight from the ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaf caused signs of toxicity, characterized by changes in physical behavior, as well as death in male mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, as well as in male and female mice in satellite groups with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight. The toxic effect that occurs appears to be reversible after the termination of extract administration. This study provides important information about the subchronic toxicity profile of Pugun Tanoh leaves, which can be a reference for the development of herbal therapy and further research on the long-term impact of the use of this extract.
Q&A: Toxicity of Tanoh Leaf Extract (Picria Fel-Terrae Lour.) in the Heart of Mice
Q: What is the Tanoh Pugun plant?
A: The Tanoh Pugun plant is a member of the Linderniaeae family and has been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including the treatment of diabetes, hypertension, and other diseases.
Q: What is the purpose of this study?
A: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaves in mice and its impact on the heart organ.
Q: What were the results of this study?
A: The results of this study showed that the dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight from the ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaf caused signs of toxicity, characterized by changes in physical behavior, as well as death in male mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, as well as in male and female mice in satellite groups with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight.
Q: What are the potential risks of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract?
A: The potential risks of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract include toxicity, characterized by changes in physical behavior, as well as death in male mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, as well as in male and female mice in satellite groups with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight.
Q: Is the toxic effect of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract reversible?
A: Yes, the toxic effect of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract appears to be reversible after the termination of extract administration.
Q: What are the implications of this study?
A: The implications of this study are that the ethanol extract of Tanoh Pugun leaves is safe at a dose of 125 and 250 mg/kg body weight, but at a dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, this extract shows a significant toxic effect for 90 days of testing.
Q: What are the recommendations for further research?
A: The recommendations for further research are to investigate the long-term impact of the use of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract, as well as the development of herbal therapy using this extract.
Q: What are the limitations of this study?
A: The limitations of this study include the use of a small sample size and the short duration of the study.
Q: What are the future directions for research?
A: The future directions for research are to investigate the long-term impact of the use of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract, as well as the development of herbal therapy using this extract.
Q: What are the potential applications of this study?
A: The potential applications of this study are to develop herbal therapy using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract, as well as to investigate the potential mechanisms of action of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract and its potential interactions with other medications.
Q: What are the potential benefits of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract?
A: The potential benefits of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract include its potential to treat various diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and other diseases.
Q: What are the potential risks of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract?
A: The potential risks of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract include toxicity, characterized by changes in physical behavior, as well as death in male mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, as well as in male and female mice in satellite groups with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight.
Q: Is Tanoh Pugun leaves extract safe for human consumption?
A: No, based on the results of this study, Tanoh Pugun leaves extract is not safe for human consumption at a dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight.
Q: What are the recommendations for using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract?
A: The recommendations for using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract are to use it with caution and to follow the recommended dosage, as well as to consult with a healthcare professional before using it.
Q: What are the potential interactions of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract with other medications?
A: The potential interactions of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract with other medications are not well understood and require further research.
Q: What are the potential side effects of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract?
A: The potential side effects of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract include toxicity, characterized by changes in physical behavior, as well as death in male mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, as well as in male and female mice in satellite groups with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight.
Q: Is Tanoh Pugun leaves extract approved by regulatory agencies?
A: No, Tanoh Pugun leaves extract is not approved by regulatory agencies for human consumption.
Q: What are the potential benefits of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract for medicinal purposes?
A: The potential benefits of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract for medicinal purposes include its potential to treat various diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and other diseases.
Q: What are the potential risks of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract for medicinal purposes?
A: The potential risks of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract for medicinal purposes include toxicity, characterized by changes in physical behavior, as well as death in male mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, as well as in male and female mice in satellite groups with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight.
Q: What are the recommendations for using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract for medicinal purposes?
A: The recommendations for using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract for medicinal purposes are to use it with caution and to follow the recommended dosage, as well as to consult with a healthcare professional before using it.
Q: What are the potential interactions of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract with other medications for medicinal purposes?
A: The potential interactions of Tanoh Pugun leaves extract with other medications for medicinal purposes are not well understood and require further research.
Q: What are the potential side effects of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract for medicinal purposes?
A: The potential side effects of using Tanoh Pugun leaves extract for medicinal purposes include toxicity, characterized by changes in physical behavior, as well as death in male mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, as well as in male and female mice in satellite groups with a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight.