The Reaction Of $Mg + 2 HCl \rightarrow MgCl_2 + H_2$: 22.8 G Of Magnesium Is Reacted With An Unlimited Amount Of Hydrochloric Acid.a. What Is The Theoretical Yield, In Grams, Of Magnesium Chloride?
Introduction
The reaction between magnesium (Mg) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a classic example of a single displacement reaction, where magnesium displaces hydrogen from hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2). This reaction is widely used in various industrial applications, including the production of magnesium chloride, a key component in the manufacture of magnesium-based fertilizers and pharmaceuticals. In this article, we will delve into the reaction of 22.8 g of magnesium with an unlimited amount of hydrochloric acid and determine the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride.
The Reaction Equation
The reaction equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is:
This equation indicates that one mole of magnesium reacts with two moles of hydrochloric acid to produce one mole of magnesium chloride and one mole of hydrogen gas.
Theoretical Yield of Magnesium Chloride
To determine the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride, we need to calculate the number of moles of magnesium that reacted with hydrochloric acid. The molar mass of magnesium is 24.31 g/mol, and the molar mass of magnesium chloride is 58.33 g/mol.
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of magnesium that reacted:
molar_mass_mg = 24.31 # g/mol
mass_mg = 22.8 # g
moles_mg = mass_mg / molar_mass_mg
print(f"The number of moles of magnesium is {moles_mg} mol")
This code calculates the number of moles of magnesium that reacted, which is approximately 0.936 mol.
Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of magnesium chloride produced:
molar_mass_mgcl2 = 58.33 # g/mol
moles_mgcl2 = moles_mg # 1:1 mole ratio
mass_mgcl2 = moles_mgcl2 * molar_mass_mgcl2
print(f"The theoretical yield of magnesium chloride is {mass_mgcl2} g")
This code calculates the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride, which is approximately 54.5 g.
Discussion
The reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is a highly exothermic reaction, releasing a significant amount of heat energy. This reaction is often used in laboratory settings to demonstrate the concept of single displacement reactions.
In this analysis, we calculated the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride produced when 22.8 g of magnesium reacts with an unlimited amount of hydrochloric acid. The results indicate that the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride is approximately 54.5 g.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is a highly exothermic reaction that produces magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. By calculating the number of moles of magnesium that reacted and using the mole ratio of magnesium to magnesium chloride, we determined the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride produced. This analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the reaction and its products.
References
- [1] "General Chemistry" by Linus Pauling
- [2] "Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach" by Steven S. Zumdahl
Additional Information
- The reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is highly exothermic, releasing a significant amount of heat energy.
- The reaction is often used in laboratory settings to demonstrate the concept of single displacement reactions.
- Magnesium chloride is a key component in the manufacture of magnesium-based fertilizers and pharmaceuticals.
The Reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid: A Comprehensive Q&A ====================================================================
Introduction
In our previous article, we delved into the reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid, calculating the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride produced. In this article, we will address some of the most frequently asked questions related to this reaction, providing a comprehensive understanding of the process.
Q&A
Q: What is the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid?
A: The reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is a single displacement reaction, where magnesium displaces hydrogen from hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.
Q: What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction?
A: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
Q: What is the molar mass of magnesium and magnesium chloride?
A: The molar mass of magnesium is 24.31 g/mol, and the molar mass of magnesium chloride is 58.33 g/mol.
Q: How do you calculate the number of moles of magnesium that reacted?
A: To calculate the number of moles of magnesium that reacted, you need to divide the mass of magnesium by its molar mass.
molar_mass_mg = 24.31 # g/mol
mass_mg = 22.8 # g
moles_mg = mass_mg / molar_mass_mg
print(f"The number of moles of magnesium is {moles_mg} mol")
Q: How do you calculate the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride?
A: To calculate the theoretical yield of magnesium chloride, you need to multiply the number of moles of magnesium that reacted by the molar mass of magnesium chloride.
molar_mass_mgcl2 = 58.33 # g/mol
moles_mgcl2 = moles_mg # 1:1 mole ratio
mass_mgcl2 = moles_mgcl2 * molar_mass_mgcl2
print(f"The theoretical yield of magnesium chloride is {mass_mgcl2} g")
Q: What is the significance of the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid?
A: The reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is highly exothermic, releasing a significant amount of heat energy. This reaction is often used in laboratory settings to demonstrate the concept of single displacement reactions.
Q: What are some of the applications of magnesium chloride?
A: Magnesium chloride is a key component in the manufacture of magnesium-based fertilizers and pharmaceuticals.
Q: What are some of the safety precautions that need to be taken when handling magnesium and hydrochloric acid?
A: When handling magnesium and hydrochloric acid, it is essential to wear protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat. The reaction is highly exothermic, and the products can be hazardous if not handled properly.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is a highly exothermic reaction that produces magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. By understanding the reaction and its products, we can appreciate the significance of this reaction in various industrial applications.
References
- [1] "General Chemistry" by Linus Pauling
- [2] "Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach" by Steven S. Zumdahl
Additional Information
- The reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is highly exothermic, releasing a significant amount of heat energy.
- The reaction is often used in laboratory settings to demonstrate the concept of single displacement reactions.
- Magnesium chloride is a key component in the manufacture of magnesium-based fertilizers and pharmaceuticals.