The Ratio Of Giving 2 Mg Of Morphine In NaCl 0.9 % With 2 Mg Of Morphine + 5 Mg Ropivacaine In 0.9 % NaCl Through Epidural Catheter To The Pain Scale (NRS) Post Operative At H. Adam Malik Medan Hospital
The Ratio of Giving 2 mg of Morphine in NaCl 0.9% with 2 mg of Morphine + 5 mg Ropivacaine in 0.9% NaCl through Epidural Catheter to the Pain Scale (NRS) Post Operative at H. Adam Malik Medan Hospital
Introduction
Postoperative pain is a common problem that affects millions of patients worldwide. Inability to control acute pain after surgery can result in patient dissatisfaction, postoperative complications, and an increased risk of developing chronic pain. One strategy to provide effective postoperative analgesia and reduce unwanted side effects is to use a combination of local anesthesia such as ropivacaine with epidural morphine_. Although epidural morphine is commonly used for postoperative pain management, information about the analgesic effect of the combination of ropivacaine and morphine and its comparison is still very limited_.
Background
Postoperative pain is a significant concern in the field of clinical medicine, and its management is crucial for patient recovery and satisfaction. The use of epidural morphine is a common practice for postoperative pain management, but its effectiveness can be enhanced by combining it with local anesthetics such as ropivacaine_. Ropivacaine is a long-acting local anesthetic that has been shown to provide effective analgesia with minimal side effects_. The combination of epidural morphine and ropivacaine has been studied in various clinical trials, but the results are inconsistent, and more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness_.
Research Purposes
The purpose of this study is to compare the analgesic effect of giving 2 mg of morphine with 0.9% NaCl and giving 2 mg of morphine plus 5 mg of ropivacaine through epidural catheter to the pain scale using the numerical assessment scale (NRS).
Research Methodology
This study uses a random clinical experimental design with the double-blind method. After obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra, 24 research samples were collected_. The sample is then divided randomly into two groups according to inclusion criteria_. Group A receives 2 mg of morphine with 0.9% NaCl, while group B receives 2 mg morphine plus 5 mg of ropivacaine_. The data obtained from the study were then analyzed using SPSS to test the results_.
Research Result
The results of the analysis show that the NRS value at T1 time for the group given by morphine 2 mg + 0.9% NaCl has a median value of 0, while in T2, the median value increases to 1. Conversely, the NRS value for groups that receive morphine 2 mg + ropivacaine 5 mg in T1 also has a median 0, and in T2 remains in median 0_. There is a higher tendency to the incidence of nausea and postoperative vomiting (PONV) in groups that receive morphine 2 mg + NaCl 0.9% in T1 and T2, although not statistically significant_. In addition, the incidence of motor blocks in the morphine group of 2 mg with ropivacaine 5 mg was also observed higher in T1 but was also not statistically significant_.
Conclusion
From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the administration of epidural anesthesia with a combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine is superior compared to the administration of 2 mg of morphine with 0.9% NaCl in reducing the pain scale after operating according to NRS. This study provides an important insight into more effective postoperative pain management, and can be used as a reference for the development of clinical practices in hospitals_. The combination is not only able to reduce the intensity of pain, but can also potentially reduce the events of side effects such as nausea and vomiting, although the results are not statistically significant_.
Recommendation
This study provides a valuable contribution to the field of postoperative pain management, and its findings can be used to inform clinical practice. However, further research is needed to confirm the results and explore optimal doses and other combinations in postoperative pain management_. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of using a combination of local anesthetics and opioids in postoperative pain management, and its potential to reduce the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting_.
Limitation
This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the lack of long-term follow-up. Additionally, the study only compared the analgesic effect of two different combinations of morphine and ropivacaine, and did not explore other combinations or doses_. Further research is needed to confirm the results and explore the optimal use of this combination in postoperative pain management_.
Future Direction
The findings of this study suggest that the combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine is a promising approach for postoperative pain management. Further research is needed to confirm the results and explore optimal doses and other combinations in postoperative pain management_. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of using a combination of local anesthetics and opioids in postoperative pain management, and its potential to reduce the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting_.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Ratio of Giving 2 mg of Morphine in NaCl 0.9% with 2 mg of Morphine + 5 mg Ropivacaine in 0.9% NaCl through Epidural Catheter to the Pain Scale (NRS) Post Operative at H. Adam Malik Medan Hospital
Q: What is the purpose of this study?
A: The purpose of this study is to compare the analgesic effect of giving 2 mg of morphine with 0.9% NaCl and giving 2 mg of morphine plus 5 mg of ropivacaine through epidural catheter to the pain scale using the numerical assessment scale (NRS).
Q: What is the significance of this study?
A: This study provides an important insight into more effective postoperative pain management, and can be used as a reference for the development of clinical practices in hospitals. The combination is not only able to reduce the intensity of pain, but can also potentially reduce the events of side effects such as nausea and vomiting, although the results are not statistically significant.
Q: What are the limitations of this study?
A: This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the lack of long-term follow-up. Additionally, the study only compared the analgesic effect of two different combinations of morphine and ropivacaine, and did not explore other combinations or doses. Further research is needed to confirm the results and explore the optimal use of this combination in postoperative pain management.
Q: What are the potential benefits of using the combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine?
A: The combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine has been shown to provide effective analgesia with minimal side effects. It can potentially reduce the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting, and can also reduce the intensity of pain.
Q: What are the potential risks of using the combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine?
A: The combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine can potentially cause side effects such as nausea and vomiting, and can also cause motor blocks. However, the results of this study show that the incidence of these side effects is not statistically significant.
Q: How can this study be used in clinical practice?
A: This study provides a valuable contribution to the field of postoperative pain management, and its findings can be used to inform clinical practice. The combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine can be used as a reference for the development of clinical practices in hospitals, and can potentially reduce the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting.
Q: What are the future directions for this study?
A: Further research is needed to confirm the results and explore optimal doses and other combinations in postoperative pain management. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of using a combination of local anesthetics and opioids in postoperative pain management, and its potential to reduce the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting.
Q: How can patients benefit from this study?
A: Patients can benefit from this study by having access to more effective postoperative pain management options. The combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine can potentially reduce the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting, and can also reduce the intensity of pain.
Q: How can healthcare providers benefit from this study?
A: Healthcare providers can benefit from this study by having access to more effective postoperative pain management options. The combination of 2 mg of morphine and 5 mg of ropivacaine can potentially reduce the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting, and can also reduce the intensity of pain. This can lead to improved patient outcomes and satisfaction.
Q: What are the implications of this study for future research?
A: This study highlights the importance of using a combination of local anesthetics and opioids in postoperative pain management, and its potential to reduce the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting. Further research is needed to confirm the results and explore optimal doses and other combinations in postoperative pain management.