The Picture Of Simtom Anxiety And Depression In Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus In The Outpatient Installation Of The Endocrine And Metabolic Division Of The H. Adam Malik Medan Central General Hospital

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The Picture of Simtom Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Outpatient Installation of the Endocrine and Metabolic Division of the H. Adam Malik Medan Central General Hospital

Introduction

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that affects the quality of life of its sufferers. Besides adapting to lifestyle changes, type-2 DM patients are also susceptible to mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. This study aims to determine the picture of simtom anxiety and depression in controlled type-2 DM patients (HBA1C <7%) in the Outocrine and Metabolic Division Outpatient Installation of RSUP. H. Adam Malik Medan in March-April 2013.

Methodology

This study uses a descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach. Data was collected through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire filled with 80 type-2 DM patients who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that 8% of type-2 DM patients experienced simtom anxiety and 26% experienced depression simtoms.

Demographic Characteristics

Based on demographic characteristics, simtom anxiety and depression are most commonly found in patients with an age range of 55-64 years. Men and women have a balanced percentage in terms of simtom anxiety and depression. Simtom anxiety and depression are also more commonly found in patients who work as retirees, high school graduates, who are married, and live in the city.

Causes of Simtom Anxiety and Depression

The results of this study indicate that although type-2 DM patients are controlled, simtom anxiety and depression can still appear. This can be caused by several factors, such as:

*** Psychosocial Burden ***: Facing chronic diseases such as type-2 DM causes psychosocial pressure that can trigger the emergence of mental disorders such as anxiety and depression.

*** Lifestyle Changes ***: Type-2 DM patients must make significant lifestyle changes, ranging from diet, exercise, to regular blood sugar control. This adjustment can be a source of stress and anxiety for patients.

*** Feelings of Isolated ***: Type 2 DM patients may feel isolated because they have to follow a strict treatment program and limit their activities.

The Importance of Early Detection and Handling

The results of this study emphasize the importance of early detection and handling of simtom anxiety and depression in patients with type-2 DM. Even though it is controlled, type-2 DM patients still need to be monitored their health as a whole, including mental health.

Suggestions

  • Doctors and health workers need to actively ask and assess the mental health of patients with type 2 DM regularly.
  • Type-2 DM patients need to get education and support to overcome anxiety and depression.
  • It is important to create a supportive environment and help patients with type 2 DM overcome the challenges faced.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable information about the prevalence of simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients in Medan. This result is an important reference for improving the quality of health services for Type-2 DM patients, especially in paying attention to their mental health.

Recommendations for Future Research

  • Further studies should be conducted to investigate the relationship between simtom anxiety and depression and the quality of life of type-2 DM patients.
  • Research should be conducted to explore the effectiveness of different interventions for simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients.
  • Studies should be conducted to investigate the role of psychosocial factors in the development of simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients.

Limitations of the Study

  • The study was conducted in a single hospital and may not be generalizable to other populations.
  • The study used a cross-sectional design, which may not allow for the identification of causal relationships between variables.
  • The study relied on self-reported data, which may be subject to biases and limitations.

Future Directions

  • Further research should be conducted to explore the prevalence and characteristics of simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients in different populations and settings.
  • Studies should be conducted to investigate the effectiveness of different interventions for simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients.
  • Research should be conducted to explore the role of psychosocial factors in the development of simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients.
    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Simtom Anxiety and Depression in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Q: What is simtom anxiety and depression?

A: Simtom anxiety and depression refer to the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM). These symptoms can be mild, moderate, or severe and can affect a patient's quality of life.

Q: How common is simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients?

A: According to our study, 8% of type-2 DM patients experienced simtom anxiety, while 26% experienced depression simtoms. These numbers highlight the importance of monitoring mental health in type-2 DM patients.

Q: What are the causes of simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients?

A: The causes of simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients are multifactorial. Some of the contributing factors include:

  • Psychosocial burden: Facing chronic diseases such as type-2 DM can cause psychosocial pressure that can trigger the emergence of mental disorders such as anxiety and depression.
  • Lifestyle changes: Type-2 DM patients must make significant lifestyle changes, ranging from diet, exercise, to regular blood sugar control. This adjustment can be a source of stress and anxiety for patients.
  • Feelings of isolated: Type 2 DM patients may feel isolated because they have to follow a strict treatment program and limit their activities.

Q: How can doctors and health workers identify simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients?

A: Doctors and health workers can identify simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients by actively asking and assessing their mental health. This can be done through regular check-ups, questionnaires, and mental health assessments.

Q: What can be done to prevent simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients?

A: To prevent simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients, the following can be done:

  • Regular mental health assessments: Regular mental health assessments can help identify simtom anxiety and depression early on.
  • Education and support: Type-2 DM patients need to get education and support to overcome anxiety and depression.
  • Create a supportive environment: It is essential to create a supportive environment and help patients with type 2 DM overcome the challenges faced.

Q: What are the consequences of untreated simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients?

A: Untreated simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients can lead to:

  • Poor glycemic control: Untreated simtom anxiety and depression can lead to poor glycemic control, which can increase the risk of complications such as kidney disease, nerve damage, and vision problems.
  • Reduced quality of life: Untreated simtom anxiety and depression can reduce a patient's quality of life, making it difficult for them to perform daily activities.
  • Increased risk of comorbidities: Untreated simtom anxiety and depression can increase the risk of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and depression.

Q: What are the treatment options for simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients?

A: The treatment options for simtom anxiety and depression in type-2 DM patients include:

  • Psychotherapy: Psychotherapy can help patients manage their anxiety and depression symptoms.
  • Medications: Medications such as antidepressants and anxiolytics can help manage anxiety and depression symptoms.
  • Lifestyle changes: Lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, healthy diet, and stress management can help manage anxiety and depression symptoms.

Q: How can patients with type-2 DM manage their anxiety and depression symptoms?

A: Patients with type-2 DM can manage their anxiety and depression symptoms by:

  • Staying connected with family and friends: Staying connected with family and friends can help patients feel supported and reduce feelings of isolation.
  • Engaging in regular exercise: Regular exercise can help reduce anxiety and depression symptoms.
  • Practicing stress management techniques: Practicing stress management techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and yoga can help reduce anxiety and depression symptoms.

Q: Where can patients with type-2 DM find support for their anxiety and depression symptoms?

A: Patients with type-2 DM can find support for their anxiety and depression symptoms by:

  • Talking to their healthcare provider: Talking to their healthcare provider can help patients get the support they need to manage their anxiety and depression symptoms.
  • Joining a support group: Joining a support group can help patients connect with others who are going through similar experiences.
  • Seeking professional help: Seeking professional help from a mental health professional can provide patients with the support they need to manage their anxiety and depression symptoms.