The Influence Of Individual Factors, Organizations And Psychology On Nurse Performance In Preventing The Healthcare Associated Infection In Pure Firm Memorial Hospital In 2017

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The Influence of Individual Factors, Organizations, and Psychology on Nurse Performance in Preventing Healthcare Associated Infections in Pure Teguh Memorial Hospital in 2017

Introduction

Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) are a significant concern in hospitals worldwide, posing a serious threat to patient morbidity and mortality. In Pure Teguh Memorial Hospital, the prevalence of HAI in 2016 was still alarmingly high, with urinary tract infections reaching 14.7% and phlebitis at 6.8% in a certain period. The Infection Prevention and Control Committee (PPI) audit results in December 2016 revealed that the performance of nurses in preventing HAI was unsatisfactory, with a hand hygiene level of only 74.4%. This study aims to analyze the influence of individual factors, organizational factors, and psychological factors on nurse performance in preventing HAI.

Background

Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) are infections that patients acquire during the course of receiving treatment for other conditions. HAI can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens. In hospitals, HAI can be spread through various routes, including contaminated medical devices, poor hand hygiene, and inadequate infection control practices. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that HAI affect up to 10% of patients in developed countries and up to 20% of patients in developing countries.

In Pure Teguh Memorial Hospital, the prevalence of HAI in 2016 was still high, with urinary tract infections reaching 14.7% and phlebitis at 6.8% in a certain period. The Infection Prevention and Control Committee (PPI) audit results in December 2016 revealed that the performance of nurses in preventing HAI was unsatisfactory, with a hand hygiene level of only 74.4%. This study aims to analyze the influence of individual factors, organizational factors, and psychological factors on nurse performance in preventing HAI.

Methodology

This study is a survey conducted in Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital from February 2017 to February 2018, with a population of 215 inpatient nurses and samples of 56 people. Data was collected through questionnaires and observations, then analyzed by the Mann Whitney test and the Pearson Product Moment correlation test for univariate and bivariate data. Multivariate data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression with α = 0.05.

Results

The results showed that the performance of nurses in preventing HAI was in the medium category, which was 64.3%. Statistical analysis shows that the facilities, infrastructure, and supervision factors affect the performance of nurses in preventing HAI, where the supervision factor is the most dominant.

Discussion

Prevention of Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) is a very important aspect in hospital management. The optimal nurse performance is not only determined by individual factors, but also by organizational conditions and good psychological support. By understanding the interaction between these factors, hospitals can formulate more effective strategies to improve the quality of treatment and reduce the risk of infection.

Individual factors, such as the ability and work experience, play an important role in determining the effectiveness of nurses in applying infection prevention procedures. Nurses who have more experience tend to be more confident and competent in carrying out preventive tasks. Therefore, good education and training becomes an important foundation in improving the ability of nurses.

On the other hand, organizational factors such as facilities and infrastructure are no less important. Hospitals that are equipped with adequate and supportive facilities will facilitate nurses in carrying out their duties. Likewise with good supervision, where the head of nursing must be more proactive in providing guidance and evaluation to his staff.

Finally, psychological factors such as attitudes and motivation also contribute to the performance of nurses. Nurses who have a positive attitude and high motivation tend to be more committed to carrying out infection prevention protocols. Therefore, it is important for hospital management to create a work environment that supports and motivates nurses to provide the best service.

Conclusion

With a variety of integrated approaches, it is expected that the level of HAI can decrease significantly, so as to improve patient safety and the quality of health services in Pure Memorial Hospital. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI and highlight the importance of individual, organizational, and psychological factors in improving nurse performance.

Recommendations

To improve the performance of nurses in prevention of HAI in Pure Teguh Memorial Hospital, some recommendations can be applied, namely:

  1. The Head of Nursing Division needs to increase the effectiveness of supervision by the head of the room for the implementing nurse. This can be achieved by providing regular feedback and evaluation to nurses, as well as by providing training and development opportunities to enhance their skills and knowledge.
  2. General and Operational Director is expected to add inadequate facilities and infrastructure. This can be achieved by investing in new equipment and technology, as well as by improving the physical environment of the hospital to make it more comfortable and safe for patients and staff.
  3. The education and training department must conduct continuous training, both internally and externally, regarding infection prevention and control. This can be achieved by providing regular training sessions for nurses and other healthcare staff, as well as by inviting external experts to provide training and guidance on infection prevention and control.

Future Research Directions

This study provides a foundation for future research on the factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI. Future studies can build on this research by exploring other factors that influence nurse performance, such as leadership style, team dynamics, and organizational culture. Additionally, future studies can investigate the effectiveness of different interventions aimed at improving nurse performance in preventing HAI.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Secondly, the study relied on self-reported data from nurses, which may be subject to bias and error. Finally, the study did not control for other factors that may influence nurse performance, such as patient acuity and nurse workload.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI. The results highlight the importance of individual, organizational, and psychological factors in improving nurse performance and provide recommendations for improving nurse performance in Pure Teguh Memorial Hospital. Future research directions include exploring other factors that influence nurse performance and investigating the effectiveness of different interventions aimed at improving nurse performance in preventing HAI.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on the Influence of Individual Factors, Organizations, and Psychology on Nurse Performance in Preventing Healthcare Associated Infections

Q: What is the main objective of this study?

A: The main objective of this study is to analyze the influence of individual factors, organizational factors, and psychological factors on nurse performance in preventing Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) in Pure Teguh Memorial Hospital.

Q: What are the individual factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI?

A: The individual factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI include abilities, work experience, and demographics. Nurses who have more experience tend to be more confident and competent in carrying out preventive tasks.

Q: What are the organizational factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI?

A: The organizational factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI include facilities, infrastructure, and supervision. Hospitals that are equipped with adequate and supportive facilities will facilitate nurses in carrying out their duties.

Q: What are the psychological factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI?

A: The psychological factors that influence nurse performance in preventing HAI include attitudes and motivation. Nurses who have a positive attitude and high motivation tend to be more committed to carrying out infection prevention protocols.

Q: What are the recommendations for improving nurse performance in preventing HAI?

A: The recommendations for improving nurse performance in preventing HAI include:

  1. The Head of Nursing Division needs to increase the effectiveness of supervision by the head of the room for the implementing nurse.
  2. General and Operational Director is expected to add inadequate facilities and infrastructure.
  3. The education and training department must conduct continuous training, both internally and externally, regarding infection prevention and control.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include:

  1. Small sample size: The sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
  2. Self-reported data: The study relied on self-reported data from nurses, which may be subject to bias and error.
  3. Lack of control for other factors: The study did not control for other factors that may influence nurse performance, such as patient acuity and nurse workload.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: The future research directions include:

  1. Exploring other factors that influence nurse performance: Future studies can investigate other factors that influence nurse performance, such as leadership style, team dynamics, and organizational culture.
  2. Investigating the effectiveness of different interventions: Future studies can investigate the effectiveness of different interventions aimed at improving nurse performance in preventing HAI.

Q: What are the implications of this study for hospital management?

A: The implications of this study for hospital management include:

  1. Improving nurse performance: Hospital management can improve nurse performance by providing regular feedback and evaluation, as well as by providing training and development opportunities to enhance their skills and knowledge.
  2. Investing in facilities and infrastructure: Hospital management can invest in new equipment and technology, as well as improve the physical environment of the hospital to make it more comfortable and safe for patients and staff.
  3. Providing continuous training: Hospital management can provide continuous training, both internally and externally, regarding infection prevention and control.

Q: What are the implications of this study for nurse education and training?

A: The implications of this study for nurse education and training include:

  1. Emphasizing infection prevention and control: Nurse education and training programs should emphasize infection prevention and control, as well as provide opportunities for nurses to develop their skills and knowledge in this area.
  2. Providing regular feedback and evaluation: Nurse education and training programs should provide regular feedback and evaluation to nurses, as well as provide opportunities for nurses to develop their skills and knowledge.
  3. Investing in nurse development: Nurse education and training programs should invest in nurse development, including providing opportunities for nurses to develop their leadership skills and to take on more complex roles.