The Following Equation Represents The Formation Of Nitrogen Dioxide, A Major Component Of Smog:${ 2 \text{NO} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NO}_2 }$If 0.68 Moles Of NO Are Reacted With 0.79 Moles Of { \text{O}_2$}$ To Produce

Mar 11, 2025 by ADMIN 230 views

**The Formation of Nitrogen Dioxide: A Key Component of Smog**

Understanding the Chemical Equation

The following equation represents the formation of nitrogen dioxide, a major component of smog:

${ 2 \text{NO} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NO}_2 }$

This equation indicates that when nitrogen monoxide (NO) reacts with oxygen (O2), it produces nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The reaction is as follows:

2 moles of NO react with 1 mole of O2 to produce 2 moles of NO2.

The Importance of Nitrogen Dioxide

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a major component of smog, a type of air pollution that can have serious health effects on humans and the environment. It is a toxic gas that can cause respiratory problems, such as asthma and bronchitis, and can also contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, a major component of smog.

Calculating the Limiting Reactant

To determine the limiting reactant in the reaction, we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant that will be consumed in the reaction. We can do this by using the mole ratio of the reactants from the balanced equation.

The balanced equation indicates that 2 moles of NO react with 1 mole of O2. Therefore, the mole ratio of NO to O2 is 2:1.

We are given that 0.68 moles of NO are reacted with 0.79 moles of O2. To determine the limiting reactant, we can calculate the number of moles of each reactant that will be consumed in the reaction.

Calculating the Number of Moles of NO Consumed

Since the mole ratio of NO to O2 is 2:1, we can calculate the number of moles of NO that will be consumed in the reaction as follows:

Number of moles of NO consumed = (Number of moles of O2) x (Mole ratio of NO to O2) = 0.79 moles x 2 = 1.58 moles

Calculating the Number of Moles of O2 Consumed

Since the mole ratio of NO to O2 is 2:1, we can calculate the number of moles of O2 that will be consumed in the reaction as follows:

Number of moles of O2 consumed = (Number of moles of NO) / (Mole ratio of NO to O2) = 0.68 moles / 2 = 0.34 moles

Determining the Limiting Reactant

Since the number of moles of NO consumed (1.58 moles) is greater than the number of moles of O2 consumed (0.34 moles), O2 is the limiting reactant.

Calculating the Number of Moles of NO2 Produced

Since O2 is the limiting reactant, we can calculate the number of moles of NO2 produced as follows:

Number of moles of NO2 produced = (Number of moles of O2) x (Mole ratio of NO2 to O2) = 0.34 moles x 2 = 0.68 moles

Conclusion

In conclusion, the formation of nitrogen dioxide is an important process that contributes to the formation of smog. By understanding the chemical equation and calculating the limiting reactant, we can determine the number of moles of NO2 produced in the reaction.

Key Takeaways

The formation of nitrogen dioxide is a key component of smog.
The balanced equation indicates that 2 moles of NO react with 1 mole of O2 to produce 2 moles of NO2.
To determine the limiting reactant, we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant that will be consumed in the reaction.
O2 is the limiting reactant in the reaction.
The number of moles of NO2 produced is 0.68 moles.

References

Atkins, P. W., & De Paula, J. (2010). Physical Chemistry. Oxford University Press.
Chang, R. (2010). Chemistry. McGraw-Hill.
Zumdahl, S. S. (2012). Chemistry. Brooks Cole.

Glossary

Nitrogen Monoxide (NO): A colorless, odorless gas that is a major component of smog.
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2): A toxic gas that is a major component of smog.
Oxygen (O2): A colorless, odorless gas that is essential for human life.
Smog: A type of air pollution that can have serious health effects on humans and the environment.

Q: What is nitrogen dioxide?

A: Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a toxic gas that is a major component of smog. It is a colorless, odorless gas that can cause respiratory problems, such as asthma and bronchitis, and can also contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, a major component of smog.

Q: What is smog?

A: Smog is a type of air pollution that can have serious health effects on humans and the environment. It is a mixture of gases and particles that can cause respiratory problems, such as asthma and bronchitis, and can also contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone.

Q: What causes smog?

A: Smog is caused by the reaction of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and oxygen (O2) in the presence of sunlight. This reaction produces nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which is a major component of smog.

Q: What are the health effects of smog?

A: The health effects of smog can be serious and include respiratory problems, such as asthma and bronchitis, as well as other health problems, such as heart disease and lung cancer.

Q: How can I protect myself from smog?

A: There are several ways to protect yourself from smog, including:

Avoiding areas with high levels of smog
Wearing a mask when outdoors
Staying indoors when air quality is poor
Using air purifiers in your home

Q: What can I do to reduce my contribution to smog?

A: There are several ways to reduce your contribution to smog, including:

Using public transportation or carpooling
Driving an electric or hybrid vehicle
Reducing energy consumption in your home
Using energy-efficient appliances

Q: What are the environmental effects of smog?

A: The environmental effects of smog can be serious and include:

Damage to crops and vegetation
Harm to wildlife and ecosystems
Contribution to climate change

Q: How can I get involved in reducing smog?

A: There are several ways to get involved in reducing smog, including:

Participating in local clean air initiatives
Supporting policies and laws that reduce air pollution
Educating others about the importance of clean air
Making lifestyle changes to reduce your contribution to smog

Q: What are some common sources of nitrogen dioxide?

A: Some common sources of nitrogen dioxide include:

Vehicle emissions
Industrial processes
Power plants
Agricultural activities

Q: How can I measure the level of nitrogen dioxide in my area?

A: There are several ways to measure the level of nitrogen dioxide in your area, including:

Using a nitrogen dioxide monitor
Checking air quality indexes
Consulting with local air quality experts

Q: What are some ways to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions?

A: Some ways to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions include:

Using cleaner fuels
Improving vehicle emissions standards
Implementing emission controls on industrial processes
Promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy sources

Q: What are some health effects of long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide?

A: Some health effects of long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide include:

Respiratory problems, such as asthma and bronchitis
Cardiovascular disease
Lung cancer
Other health problems, such as neurological damage and reproductive problems

Q: How can I reduce my exposure to nitrogen dioxide?

A: There are several ways to reduce your exposure to nitrogen dioxide, including:

Avoiding areas with high levels of nitrogen dioxide
Wearing a mask when outdoors
Staying indoors when air quality is poor
Using air purifiers in your home

Q: What are some ways to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions from vehicles?

A: Some ways to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions from vehicles include:

Using cleaner fuels, such as electric or hybrid vehicles
Improving vehicle emissions standards
Implementing emission controls on vehicles
Promoting alternative modes of transportation, such as public transportation or walking and biking.