Study Of Identification Of Flood Management And Drainage Design Of Sibolga City
Introduction
Sibolga City, located in Tapian Nauli's Bay, North Sumatra Island, is a coastal city with a total area of 3,536 ha and 1,364.99 ha of land. The city's location, stretching from south to north, makes it prone to flooding due to its geographical location at 01O 44 "Latitude North Line and 98O 47" East Longitude. The city's flood management and drainage design are crucial to mitigate the effects of flooding and ensure the safety and comfort of its citizens.
Background of the Study
Flooding is a significant problem in Sibolga City, particularly in coastal areas. The rapid development of the city has led to changes in land use, increasing the surface flow and peak of flooding. Narrowing and siltation of channels, coastal reclamation, waste problems, and tidal conditions are some of the factors that contribute to the complexity of flood problems in the city. The local government has been facing challenges in addressing these issues, and it is essential to develop an integrated flood management and drainage design to mitigate the effects of flooding.
Methodology
This study focused on the analysis of flood discharge plans for the 10-year and 20-year return periods. Rain data used in frequency analysis were obtained from manual and automatic rain-measuring posts, collected over the past 12 years by the Pinang Sori Airport Station Metreology and Geophysics Agency. The results of the frequency analysis show that the flood discharge of the 10-year return period plan has a different value, depending on the distribution method used:
*** Normal distribution: ** 228.54 mm *** Normal log distribution: ** 233.78 mm *** Log Person III Distribution: ** 235.54 mm *** Gumbel Distribution: ** 252.18 mm
For the 20th anniversary period, the value of flood discharge plans also varies:
*** Normal distribution: ** 245.66 mm *** Normal log distribution: ** 259.40 mm *** Log Person III Distribution: ** 274.59 mm *** Gumbel Distribution: ** 287 mm
Results and Discussion
The results of this study show that the planned flood discharge of 3,513 m3/sec is greater than the existing channel capacity, which is 3,285 m3/sec. This indicates the need for expansion of channel dimensions to accommodate larger flood discharges. Drainage problems in Sibolga City, especially in coastal areas, are complex challenges. Several factors that must be considered in drainage planning include:
*** Changes in land use: ** The rapid development of the city causes changes in land use, increasing the surface flow and peak of flooding. *** Narrowing and Siltation of Channels: ** Settlement and sediment sediment pressure causes narrowing and siltation of drainage channels, reducing water flow capacity. *** Coastal reclamation: ** Coastal reclamation can change the flow of water flow and increase the risk of flooding. *** Waste Problems: ** Waste discharged into drainage channels can cause blockages and disrupt water flow. *** Tidal: ** Tidal conditions in the coastal area can worsen flood inundation.
Conclusion
Flood control in Sibolga City requires an integrated handling that considers all these factors. Handling priorities must be given to slums that are prone to flooding and suffering the greatest loss. The local government is expected to be serious in dealing with this problem, by taking quick and effective steps to improve drainage infrastructure and encourage public awareness of the importance of maintaining environmental cleanliness. This study is an important first step to understand the complexity of flood problems in the city of Sibolga and formulate the right solution. Through integrated drainage planning and development, it is hoped that Sibolga City can be free from flood disasters and create a safer and more comfortable environment for its citizens.
Recommendations
Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:
- Expansion of Channel Dimensions: The existing channel capacity must be expanded to accommodate larger flood discharges.
- Improvement of Drainage Infrastructure: The local government must take quick and effective steps to improve drainage infrastructure, including the construction of new channels and the upgrading of existing ones.
- Public Awareness: Public awareness of the importance of maintaining environmental cleanliness must be encouraged to prevent waste problems and reduce the risk of flooding.
- Integrated Drainage Planning: Integrated drainage planning must be developed to consider all the factors that contribute to flood problems in the city.
- Prioritization of Flood-Prone Areas: Handling priorities must be given to slums that are prone to flooding and suffering the greatest loss.
By implementing these recommendations, it is hoped that Sibolga City can be free from flood disasters and create a safer and more comfortable environment for its citizens.
Q: What are the main causes of flooding in Sibolga City?
A: The main causes of flooding in Sibolga City include changes in land use, narrowing and siltation of channels, coastal reclamation, waste problems, and tidal conditions.
Q: What is the significance of flood discharge plans in Sibolga City?
A: Flood discharge plans are crucial in determining the capacity of drainage channels to accommodate floodwaters. The results of this study show that the planned flood discharge of 3,513 m3/sec is greater than the existing channel capacity, indicating the need for expansion of channel dimensions.
Q: What are the factors that must be considered in drainage planning in Sibolga City?
A: Several factors must be considered in drainage planning in Sibolga City, including changes in land use, narrowing and siltation of channels, coastal reclamation, waste problems, and tidal conditions.
Q: What is the role of the local government in addressing flood problems in Sibolga City?
A: The local government has a crucial role in addressing flood problems in Sibolga City. They must take quick and effective steps to improve drainage infrastructure, encourage public awareness of the importance of maintaining environmental cleanliness, and prioritize flood-prone areas.
Q: What are the benefits of integrated drainage planning in Sibolga City?
A: Integrated drainage planning can help mitigate the effects of flooding in Sibolga City by considering all the factors that contribute to flood problems. It can also help create a safer and more comfortable environment for citizens.
Q: What are the recommendations for addressing flood problems in Sibolga City?
A: The recommendations for addressing flood problems in Sibolga City include expansion of channel dimensions, improvement of drainage infrastructure, public awareness, integrated drainage planning, and prioritization of flood-prone areas.
Q: What is the significance of this study in addressing flood problems in Sibolga City?
A: This study is an important first step in understanding the complexity of flood problems in Sibolga City and formulating the right solution. It provides valuable insights and recommendations for addressing flood problems in the city.
Q: What are the potential consequences of not addressing flood problems in Sibolga City?
A: If flood problems in Sibolga City are not addressed, it can lead to significant economic losses, displacement of people, and damage to infrastructure. It can also have negative impacts on the environment and public health.
Q: What are the potential benefits of addressing flood problems in Sibolga City?
A: Addressing flood problems in Sibolga City can have numerous benefits, including reducing the risk of flooding, improving public health, protecting infrastructure, and promoting economic development.
Q: What is the next step in addressing flood problems in Sibolga City?
A: The next step in addressing flood problems in Sibolga City is to implement the recommendations outlined in this study, including expansion of channel dimensions, improvement of drainage infrastructure, public awareness, integrated drainage planning, and prioritization of flood-prone areas.
By addressing flood problems in Sibolga City, it is hoped that the city can be free from flood disasters and create a safer and more comfortable environment for its citizens.