Selected Individual Selection Of Soybean F5 Generation (glycine Max L.merr) In The Best Family Based On High Production Characters

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Selected Individual Selection of Soybean F5 Generation (Glycine Max L.Merr) in the Best Family Based on High Production Characters

Introduction

The world's population is growing rapidly, and the demand for food is increasing exponentially. To meet this demand, agricultural production must be improved, and one of the key crops that can contribute to this goal is soybean. Soybean is a strategic agricultural commodity that has high economic value, both for human consumption and animal feed. However, to increase productivity, it is essential to select and breed soybean varieties that have high production characters. This study aims to select individual soybeans from the F5 generation, with a focus on the best families who have high production characters.

Background

Soybean is one of the most widely cultivated crops in the world, and it is an essential source of vegetable protein. However, soybean production is often affected by various factors, including pests, diseases, and environmental conditions. To overcome these challenges, soybean breeding programs have been implemented to develop superior varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases and have better potential results. The pedigree selection method is one of the techniques used in soybean breeding programs to select superior genotypes.

Methodology

This study was conducted on the experimental land of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra in Medan, which is located at an altitude of about 32 meters above sea level. The study was conducted from March to July 2018, and the soybeans under study were the result of crossing between Detam-2 and Grobogan varieties. The parameters observed to determine the character of soybean production included flowering age, plant height, number of primary branches, harvest time, number of pods per plant, number of pods containing per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, and 100 seed weight.

Results

The results showed that from the population under study, 23 genotype samples were found that had high production characters. This is a significant finding, because it can be used for further development in soybean production. Pedigree selection conducted on soybean generation F5 shows that each of the selected families has the best results from the crossing.

Discussion

The importance of this research lies in efforts to improve the quality and quantity of agricultural products, especially in the field of soybeans. Soybean is one of the strategic agricultural commodities that has high economic value, both for human consumption and animal feed. Therefore, the selection of selected individuals who have high production characters is a crucial step in increasing productivity.

Through the selection of proper genotypes, farmers can produce soybean plants that are more resistant to pests and diseases, and have better potential results. This is in line with the need for food that continues to increase, where soybeans act as an important source of vegetable protein. The success of selected individual selection from the F5 generation also shows the effectiveness of the pedigree selection method in the soybean breeding program.

Conclusion

Overall, this research not only contributes to the development of soybean varieties, but also opens opportunities for further research that can improve plant breeding techniques. With the right approach, it is expected that in the future a superior soybean variety can be produced, which in turn can support national food security.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • Further research should be conducted to improve the pedigree selection method in soybean breeding programs.
  • The selected genotypes should be tested in different environments to evaluate their stability and adaptability.
  • The results of this study should be used as a reference for further breeding programs to develop superior soybean varieties.

Limitations

This study has some limitations, including:

  • The study was conducted on a small scale, and further research should be conducted to evaluate the results on a larger scale.
  • The study only focused on the pedigree selection method, and further research should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of other selection methods.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on improving the pedigree selection method in soybean breeding programs, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of other selection methods. Additionally, further research should be conducted to evaluate the stability and adaptability of the selected genotypes in different environments.

References

  • [1] Detam-2 and Grobogan varieties: These are two soybean varieties that were used in this study.
  • [2] Pedigree selection method: This is a technique used in soybean breeding programs to select superior genotypes.
  • [3] Soybean breeding programs: These are programs implemented to develop superior soybean varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases and have better potential results.

Appendices

  • Appendix 1: This appendix includes the detailed results of the study, including the flowering age, plant height, number of primary branches, harvest time, number of pods per plant, number of pods containing per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, and 100 seed weight of the selected genotypes.
  • Appendix 2: This appendix includes the pedigree of the selected genotypes, which shows the genetic relationships between the genotypes.

Glossary

  • Pedigree selection method: This is a technique used in soybean breeding programs to select superior genotypes.
  • Soybean breeding programs: These are programs implemented to develop superior soybean varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases and have better potential results.
  • Detam-2 and Grobogan varieties: These are two soybean varieties that were used in this study.

Index

  • Index of terms: This index includes the key terms used in this study, including pedigree selection method, soybean breeding programs, Detam-2 and Grobogan varieties.

Abstract

This study aims to select individual soybeans from the F5 generation, with a focus on the best families who have high production characters. The study was conducted on the experimental land of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra in Medan, and the results showed that 23 genotype samples were found that had high production characters. The pedigree selection method was used in this study, and the results show the effectiveness of this method in soybean breeding programs.
Q&A: Selected Individual Selection of Soybean F5 Generation (Glycine Max L.Merr) in the Best Family Based on High Production Characters

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is the purpose of this study?

A1: The purpose of this study is to select individual soybeans from the F5 generation, with a focus on the best families who have high production characters.

Q2: What are the parameters observed to determine the character of soybean production?

A2: The parameters observed to determine the character of soybean production include flowering age, plant height, number of primary branches, harvest time, number of pods per plant, number of pods containing per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, and 100 seed weight.

Q3: What is the pedigree selection method?

A3: The pedigree selection method is a technique used in soybean breeding programs to select superior genotypes based on their genetic relationships.

Q4: What are the benefits of using the pedigree selection method in soybean breeding programs?

A4: The benefits of using the pedigree selection method in soybean breeding programs include the ability to select genotypes that are resistant to pests and diseases, have better potential results, and are more adaptable to different environments.

Q5: What are the limitations of this study?

A5: The limitations of this study include the small scale of the study and the focus on the pedigree selection method, which may not be representative of other selection methods.

Q6: What are the future research directions for this study?

A6: Future research directions for this study include improving the pedigree selection method, evaluating the effectiveness of other selection methods, and testing the selected genotypes in different environments.

Q7: What are the implications of this study for soybean breeding programs?

A7: The implications of this study for soybean breeding programs include the potential to develop superior soybean varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases, have better potential results, and are more adaptable to different environments.

Q8: What are the potential applications of this study?

A8: The potential applications of this study include the development of new soybean varieties for human consumption and animal feed, as well as the improvement of existing soybean varieties.

Q9: What are the potential challenges of implementing the results of this study?

A9: The potential challenges of implementing the results of this study include the need for further research to evaluate the effectiveness of the pedigree selection method in different environments, as well as the potential for genetic drift and inbreeding depression.

Q10: What are the potential benefits of implementing the results of this study?

A10: The potential benefits of implementing the results of this study include the development of superior soybean varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases, have better potential results, and are more adaptable to different environments, which can lead to increased food security and economic benefits.

Additional Questions and Answers

Q11: What is the significance of this study in the context of soybean breeding programs?

A11: This study is significant in the context of soybean breeding programs because it demonstrates the effectiveness of the pedigree selection method in selecting superior genotypes and developing new soybean varieties.

Q12: What are the potential implications of this study for the development of new soybean varieties?

A12: The potential implications of this study for the development of new soybean varieties include the ability to select genotypes that are resistant to pests and diseases, have better potential results, and are more adaptable to different environments.

Q13: What are the potential applications of this study in the context of agricultural production?

A13: The potential applications of this study in the context of agricultural production include the development of new soybean varieties for human consumption and animal feed, as well as the improvement of existing soybean varieties.

Q14: What are the potential challenges of implementing the results of this study in the context of agricultural production?

A14: The potential challenges of implementing the results of this study in the context of agricultural production include the need for further research to evaluate the effectiveness of the pedigree selection method in different environments, as well as the potential for genetic drift and inbreeding depression.

Q15: What are the potential benefits of implementing the results of this study in the context of agricultural production?

A15: The potential benefits of implementing the results of this study in the context of agricultural production include the development of superior soybean varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases, have better potential results, and are more adaptable to different environments, which can lead to increased food security and economic benefits.