Select The Correct Answer.Which Of The Following Is The Correct Lewis Structure For Ammonia $\left( NH_3 \right$\]? Note: Hydrogen And Nitrogen Have One And Five Valence Electrons Respectively.A. Figure A B. Figure B C. Figure C D. Figure D

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Introduction

In chemistry, the Lewis structure is a diagrammatic representation of the valence electrons in a molecule. It is a crucial concept in understanding the bonding and structure of molecules. In this article, we will focus on the Lewis structure of ammonia (NH3) and help you select the correct answer from the given options.

What is Ammonia?

Ammonia is a colorless gas with the chemical formula NH3. It is composed of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. Nitrogen has five valence electrons, while hydrogen has one valence electron. The Lewis structure of ammonia is a critical concept in understanding its properties and behavior.

The Lewis Structure of Ammonia

The Lewis structure of ammonia is a diagram that shows the arrangement of valence electrons in the molecule. To draw the Lewis structure of ammonia, we need to follow these steps:

  1. Determine the total number of valence electrons: Nitrogen has five valence electrons, and each hydrogen atom has one valence electron. Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in ammonia is 5 (from nitrogen) + 3 (from hydrogen) = 8.
  2. Draw the skeleton structure: The nitrogen atom is the central atom, and the three hydrogen atoms are bonded to it.
  3. Add electrons to the structure: We need to add electrons to the structure to satisfy the octet rule. The nitrogen atom needs eight electrons to complete its octet, and each hydrogen atom needs two electrons to complete its duet.
  4. Determine the bond order: The bond order is the number of bonds between two atoms. In ammonia, the nitrogen atom is bonded to each hydrogen atom with a single bond.

The Correct Lewis Structure of Ammonia

Based on the steps outlined above, the correct Lewis structure of ammonia is:

Figure A

In this structure, the nitrogen atom is bonded to each hydrogen atom with a single bond, and the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom is shown as a pair of dots.

Why is Figure A the Correct Answer?

Figure A is the correct answer because it satisfies the octet rule for the nitrogen atom and the duet rule for each hydrogen atom. The nitrogen atom has eight electrons, and each hydrogen atom has two electrons. The bond order between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms is one, which is consistent with the single bond shown in the structure.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Lewis structure of ammonia is a critical concept in understanding its properties and behavior. By following the steps outlined above, we can determine the correct Lewis structure of ammonia. The correct answer is Figure A, which satisfies the octet rule for the nitrogen atom and the duet rule for each hydrogen atom.

Key Takeaways

  • The Lewis structure of ammonia is a diagrammatic representation of the valence electrons in the molecule.
  • The nitrogen atom is the central atom, and the three hydrogen atoms are bonded to it.
  • The correct Lewis structure of ammonia satisfies the octet rule for the nitrogen atom and the duet rule for each hydrogen atom.
  • The bond order between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms is one, which is consistent with the single bond shown in the structure.

References

  • Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach by Steven S. Zumdahl
  • General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications by Linus Pauling

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is the Lewis structure of ammonia?
    • The Lewis structure of ammonia is a diagrammatic representation of the valence electrons in the molecule.
  • Why is Figure A the correct answer?
    • Figure A is the correct answer because it satisfies the octet rule for the nitrogen atom and the duet rule for each hydrogen atom.
  • What is the bond order between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms?
    • The bond order between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms is one, which is consistent with the single bond shown in the structure.
      Q&A: Lewis Structure of Ammonia =====================================

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What is the Lewis structure of ammonia?

A1: The Lewis structure of ammonia is a diagrammatic representation of the valence electrons in the molecule. It shows the arrangement of valence electrons in the molecule, including the bonds between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms.

Q2: Why is the Lewis structure of ammonia important?

A2: The Lewis structure of ammonia is important because it helps us understand the properties and behavior of the molecule. It shows the arrangement of valence electrons, which is crucial in understanding the bonding and structure of the molecule.

Q3: What is the central atom in the Lewis structure of ammonia?

A3: The central atom in the Lewis structure of ammonia is the nitrogen atom. It is the atom that is bonded to the three hydrogen atoms.

Q4: How many valence electrons does the nitrogen atom have?

A4: The nitrogen atom has five valence electrons. This is an important fact to remember when drawing the Lewis structure of ammonia.

Q5: How many valence electrons does each hydrogen atom have?

A5: Each hydrogen atom has one valence electron. This is also an important fact to remember when drawing the Lewis structure of ammonia.

Q6: What is the total number of valence electrons in ammonia?

A6: The total number of valence electrons in ammonia is 8. This is calculated by adding the number of valence electrons from the nitrogen atom (5) to the number of valence electrons from each hydrogen atom (3).

Q7: What is the bond order between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms?

A7: The bond order between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms is one. This means that there is a single bond between each nitrogen and hydrogen atom.

Q8: Why is the Lewis structure of ammonia important in chemistry?

A8: The Lewis structure of ammonia is important in chemistry because it helps us understand the properties and behavior of the molecule. It shows the arrangement of valence electrons, which is crucial in understanding the bonding and structure of the molecule.

Q9: Can you draw the Lewis structure of ammonia?

A9: Yes, you can draw the Lewis structure of ammonia by following the steps outlined in the article. The steps include determining the total number of valence electrons, drawing the skeleton structure, adding electrons to the structure, and determining the bond order.

Q10: What is the correct Lewis structure of ammonia?

A10: The correct Lewis structure of ammonia is Figure A. This is because it satisfies the octet rule for the nitrogen atom and the duet rule for each hydrogen atom.

Additional Resources

  • Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach by Steven S. Zumdahl
  • General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications by Linus Pauling
  • Lewis Structure Tutorial by Khan Academy
  • Ammonia Lewis Structure by Chemistry LibreTexts

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Lewis structure of ammonia is a critical concept in understanding the properties and behavior of the molecule. By following the steps outlined in the article, you can determine the correct Lewis structure of ammonia. The correct answer is Figure A, which satisfies the octet rule for the nitrogen atom and the duet rule for each hydrogen atom.

Key Takeaways

  • The Lewis structure of ammonia is a diagrammatic representation of the valence electrons in the molecule.
  • The nitrogen atom is the central atom, and the three hydrogen atoms are bonded to it.
  • The correct Lewis structure of ammonia satisfies the octet rule for the nitrogen atom and the duet rule for each hydrogen atom.
  • The bond order between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms is one, which is consistent with the single bond shown in the structure.