Select The Best Answer For The Question.Group One Elements, Such As Lithium, Sodium, And Potassium, Are Known As:A. Noble Gases B. Halogens C. Alkali Metals D. Alkaline Earth Metals

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Introduction

In the periodic table, elements are grouped based on their properties and electron configurations. These groups are further divided into subgroups, which help in understanding the behavior of elements. In this article, we will focus on Group 1 elements, also known as alkali metals, and explore their properties.

What are Alkali Metals?

Alkali metals are a group of elements that are located in Group 1 of the periodic table. These elements are highly reactive and have one electron in their outermost energy level. The elements in this group are:

  • Lithium (Li)
  • Sodium (Na)
  • Potassium (K)
  • Rubidium (Rb)
  • Caesium (Cs)
  • Francium (Fr)

Properties of Alkali Metals

Alkali metals have several distinct properties that set them apart from other elements. Some of the key properties of alkali metals include:

  • High Reactivity: Alkali metals are highly reactive and tend to lose one electron to form a positive ion.
  • Low Ionization Energy: Alkali metals have low ionization energies, which means they can easily lose an electron to form a positive ion.
  • High Electronegativity: Alkali metals have low electronegativities, which means they have a low tendency to attract electrons.
  • High Melting and Boiling Points: Alkali metals have high melting and boiling points due to the strong metallic bonds between their atoms.

Why are Alkali Metals Called Alkali Metals?

The term "alkali" comes from the Arabic word "al-qili," which refers to the ashes of plants. Alkali metals were originally known as alkali metals because they were found in the ashes of plants and were used to make soap and other products.

Uses of Alkali Metals

Alkali metals have several uses in various industries. Some of the key uses of alkali metals include:

  • Production of Alkali Metals: Alkali metals are used to produce other metals, such as sodium and potassium, which are used in various industries.
  • Production of Alkali Metal Compounds: Alkali metals are used to produce various compounds, such as sodium carbonate and potassium nitrate, which are used in various industries.
  • Production of Alkali Metal Alloys: Alkali metals are used to produce various alloys, such as sodium-potassium alloys, which are used in various industries.

Conclusion

In conclusion, alkali metals are a group of elements that are highly reactive and have one electron in their outermost energy level. They have several distinct properties, including high reactivity, low ionization energy, high electronegativity, and high melting and boiling points. Alkali metals are used in various industries, including the production of alkali metal compounds and alloys.

Answer to the Question

The correct answer to the question is:

C. alkali metals

Other Options

The other options are not correct because:

  • A. Noble gases are a group of elements that are located in Group 18 of the periodic table and are unreactive.
  • B. Halogens are a group of elements that are located in Group 17 of the periodic table and are highly reactive.
  • D. Alkaline earth metals are a group of elements that are located in Group 2 of the periodic table and are less reactive than alkali metals.

References

  • "Chemistry: The Central Science" by Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten
  • "General Chemistry" by Linus Pauling
  • "Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach" by Steven S. Zumdahl
    Alkali Metals Q&A =====================

Frequently Asked Questions about Alkali Metals

Q: What are alkali metals?

A: Alkali metals are a group of elements that are located in Group 1 of the periodic table. They are highly reactive and have one electron in their outermost energy level.

Q: What are the properties of alkali metals?

A: Alkali metals have several distinct properties, including:

  • High Reactivity: Alkali metals are highly reactive and tend to lose one electron to form a positive ion.
  • Low Ionization Energy: Alkali metals have low ionization energies, which means they can easily lose an electron to form a positive ion.
  • High Electronegativity: Alkali metals have low electronegativities, which means they have a low tendency to attract electrons.
  • High Melting and Boiling Points: Alkali metals have high melting and boiling points due to the strong metallic bonds between their atoms.

Q: Why are alkali metals called alkali metals?

A: The term "alkali" comes from the Arabic word "al-qili," which refers to the ashes of plants. Alkali metals were originally known as alkali metals because they were found in the ashes of plants and were used to make soap and other products.

Q: What are the uses of alkali metals?

A: Alkali metals have several uses in various industries, including:

  • Production of Alkali Metals: Alkali metals are used to produce other metals, such as sodium and potassium, which are used in various industries.
  • Production of Alkali Metal Compounds: Alkali metals are used to produce various compounds, such as sodium carbonate and potassium nitrate, which are used in various industries.
  • Production of Alkali Metal Alloys: Alkali metals are used to produce various alloys, such as sodium-potassium alloys, which are used in various industries.

Q: What are some common applications of alkali metals?

A: Some common applications of alkali metals include:

  • Production of Soap and Detergents: Alkali metals are used to produce soap and detergents, which are used for cleaning purposes.
  • Production of Glass: Alkali metals are used to produce glass, which is used in various applications, including windows, bottles, and other containers.
  • Production of Batteries: Alkali metals are used to produce batteries, which are used to power various devices, including cars, phones, and laptops.

Q: Are alkali metals safe to handle?

A: Alkali metals can be hazardous to handle if not properly handled. They can cause burns, fires, and explosions if not handled carefully. It is essential to wear protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and a face mask, when handling alkali metals.

Q: Can alkali metals be recycled?

A: Yes, alkali metals can be recycled. Recycling alkali metals can help reduce waste and conserve natural resources. However, recycling alkali metals requires specialized equipment and expertise.

Q: What are some common mistakes to avoid when handling alkali metals?

A: Some common mistakes to avoid when handling alkali metals include:

  • Not wearing protective gear: Failing to wear protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and a face mask, can lead to injuries and accidents.
  • Not following proper handling procedures: Failing to follow proper handling procedures, including storing alkali metals in a well-ventilated area and avoiding contact with water, can lead to accidents and injuries.
  • Not disposing of alkali metals properly: Failing to dispose of alkali metals properly can lead to environmental hazards and contamination.

Conclusion

In conclusion, alkali metals are a group of elements that are highly reactive and have one electron in their outermost energy level. They have several distinct properties, including high reactivity, low ionization energy, high electronegativity, and high melting and boiling points. Alkali metals have several uses in various industries, including the production of alkali metal compounds and alloys. However, handling alkali metals requires caution and proper handling procedures to avoid accidents and injuries.