Relationship Between The Use Of Contact Lenses With The Severity Of Dry Eye Syndrome In USU Faculty Of Medicine Students

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Introduction

Dry Eye Syndrome (SMK) is a significant health problem that affects millions of people worldwide, and is often the main reason for individuals to seek optometry treatment. One of the factors that can contribute to the occurrence of SMK is the use of contact lenses. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the use of contact lenses and the severity of dry eye syndrome in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra (USU).

Background

Dry Eye Syndrome is a condition characterized by inadequate lubrication of the eyes, leading to discomfort, blurred vision, and increased risk of eye infections. The use of contact lenses can exacerbate this condition, as it can disrupt the natural tear film and lead to increased evaporation of tears. This study aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on the relationship between contact lens use and dry eye syndrome severity.

Methodology

This study employed an analytic design with a cross-sectional sampling technique. A total of 57 students who used contact lenses became participants in this study. The severity of dry eye syndrome was evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and the Schirmer test. Various factors were analyzed, including age, sex, and frequency of contact lens replacement.

Results

The results of this study showed that 45 people (79%) experienced dry eye syndrome based on the OSDI questionnaire, while 25 people (43.9%) experienced the same symptoms based on the Schirmer test. The OSDI questionnaire also classified the severity of dry eye syndrome, where 12 people (21.1%) were classified as normal, 12 people (21.1%) experienced mild symptoms, 11 people (19.3%) experienced moderate symptoms, and 22 people (38.6%) showed severe symptoms. In contrast, the Schirmer test results showed 32 people (56.1%) normal, 13 people (22.8%) mild, and 12 people (21.1%) moderate, without any respondents included in the severe category.

Correlation Analysis

Correlation analysis using the Spearman test showed that there was no significant relationship between the frequency of contact lens replacement and the severity of dry eye syndrome. The p-value for the Schirmer test was 0.201, while the p-value for the OSDI questionnaire was 0.117. These results suggest that the frequency of contact lens replacement does not have a significant impact on the severity of dry eye syndrome.

Discussion

The results of this study suggest that although there are indications of high symptoms of dry eye syndrome among contact lens users, the correlation between the frequency of replacement of contact lenses and dry eye syndrome severity is weak and insignificant. This implies that other factors, such as cleanliness, the type of lens, and duration of use, also need to be considered.

Conclusion

This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on the relationship between contact lens use and dry eye syndrome severity. The results suggest that while contact lens use may contribute to the occurrence of dry eye syndrome, other factors also play a significant role. It is essential for contact lens users to pay attention to the way and frequency of use of their lenses, as well as consult with specialist doctors to prevent and overcome the symptoms of dry eye syndrome.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • Contact lens users should pay attention to the way and frequency of use of their lenses.
  • Contact lens users should consult with specialist doctors to prevent and overcome the symptoms of dry eye syndrome.
  • Further research is needed to investigate other factors that can affect the severity of dry eye syndrome among contact lens users.
  • Increasing awareness of this problem can help students and the wider community to better maintain their eye health.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

  • The sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the results.
  • The study only investigated the relationship between contact lens use and dry eye syndrome severity, and did not explore other factors that may contribute to the occurrence of dry eye syndrome.
  • The study only used two measures to evaluate the severity of dry eye syndrome, which may not capture the full range of symptoms.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to investigate other factors that can affect the severity of dry eye syndrome among contact lens users. This may include exploring the impact of cleanliness, the type of lens, and duration of use on dry eye syndrome severity. Additionally, further research should aim to investigate the relationship between contact lens use and dry eye syndrome severity in different populations, such as children and older adults.

Q: What is Dry Eye Syndrome (SMK)?

A: Dry Eye Syndrome is a condition characterized by inadequate lubrication of the eyes, leading to discomfort, blurred vision, and increased risk of eye infections.

Q: How does contact lens use contribute to the occurrence of Dry Eye Syndrome?

A: Contact lens use can disrupt the natural tear film and lead to increased evaporation of tears, exacerbating the symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome.

Q: What are the symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome?

A: The symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome include:

  • Discomfort or dryness in the eyes
  • Blurred vision
  • Increased sensitivity to light
  • Redness or irritation of the eyes
  • Difficulty wearing contact lenses

Q: How can I prevent Dry Eye Syndrome if I wear contact lenses?

A: To prevent Dry Eye Syndrome, you should:

  • Clean and disinfect your contact lenses regularly
  • Replace your contact lenses as recommended by your eye doctor
  • Use artificial tears to lubricate your eyes
  • Avoid rubbing your eyes
  • Get regular eye exams to monitor the health of your eyes

Q: Can I still wear contact lenses if I have Dry Eye Syndrome?

A: Yes, you can still wear contact lenses if you have Dry Eye Syndrome, but you may need to take extra precautions to manage your symptoms. Your eye doctor can help you determine the best course of treatment.

Q: What are the risks of not treating Dry Eye Syndrome?

A: If left untreated, Dry Eye Syndrome can lead to:

  • Increased risk of eye infections
  • Corneal ulcers
  • Vision loss
  • Chronic eye pain

Q: How can I manage my symptoms if I have Dry Eye Syndrome?

A: To manage your symptoms, you can:

  • Use artificial tears to lubricate your eyes
  • Apply warm compresses to your eyes
  • Avoid rubbing your eyes
  • Get regular eye exams to monitor the health of your eyes
  • Consider using a humidifier to add moisture to the air

Q: Can I get compensation for my Dry Eye Syndrome symptoms if I wear contact lenses?

A: It depends on the circumstances. If you can prove that your contact lenses caused your Dry Eye Syndrome symptoms, you may be eligible for compensation. Consult with a lawyer or your eye doctor to determine the best course of action.

Q: How can I prevent Dry Eye Syndrome in the future?

A: To prevent Dry Eye Syndrome in the future, you should:

  • Get regular eye exams to monitor the health of your eyes
  • Use artificial tears to lubricate your eyes
  • Avoid rubbing your eyes
  • Get enough sleep and maintain a healthy lifestyle
  • Consider using a humidifier to add moisture to the air

Q: Can I get treatment for Dry Eye Syndrome if I don't have health insurance?

A: Yes, you can still get treatment for Dry Eye Syndrome even if you don't have health insurance. Many eye doctors offer financing options or sliding scale fees. You can also consider visiting a community clinic or a non-profit organization that provides eye care services.

Q: How can I find an eye doctor who specializes in Dry Eye Syndrome?

A: You can find an eye doctor who specializes in Dry Eye Syndrome by:

  • Asking for referrals from friends or family members
  • Checking online reviews or ratings
  • Contacting your local optometric association or ophthalmological society
  • Checking with your insurance provider to see if they have a list of in-network eye doctors who specialize in Dry Eye Syndrome.