Relationship Between Mother's Healthy Behavior And Basic Sanitation Environment With Diarrhea Events In Toddlers In The Deli Watersheds In Medan City In 2018

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Relationship between Mother's Healthy Behavior and Basic Sanitation Environment with Diarrhea Events in Toddlers in the Deli River Basin Medan City in 2018

Introduction

Diarrhea is a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia. The high rate of morbidity and mortality due to diarrhea indicates a serious problem in the health system. In 2017, Medan Maimun Health Center recorded 390 cases of diarrhea, while Medan Marelan Puskesmas recorded 1,094 cases (Medan City Health Office, 2017). This study aims to explore the relationship between maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions with diarrhea events in toddlers in the Deli River Basin, Medan City, in 2018.

Background

Diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of five, particularly in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diarrhea is responsible for approximately 1.5 million deaths annually, with the majority of these deaths occurring in developing countries (WHO, 2018). In Indonesia, diarrhea is a significant public health concern, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality reported in various regions, including Medan City.

Methodology

This study employed an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design, involving people who live in the Deli River Basin. A total of 96 respondents were selected through the Consecutive Sampling method. The dependent variable in this study was the event of diarrhea, while the independent variables included healthy behavior (such as the use of latrines, access to clean water, and hand washing habits) and basic sanitation conditions (which include waste management, feces, and household waste). For data analysis, the Chi-Square test and logistics regression were used.

Results

The results of this study showed a significant relationship between the behavior of the use of latrines, the use of clean water, the habit of washing hands with soap, as well as a means of managing waste and disposal of feces with diarrhea events in toddlers. Multivariate analysis revealed that the variable most related to the incidence of diarrhea is a means of waste management.

Discussion

The discovery of this study emphasizes the importance of clean and healthy life behavior in an effort to prevent diarrhea. The results of this study suggest that improving maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions can reduce the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. The use of latrines, access to clean water, and hand washing habits are essential components of healthy behavior that can prevent diarrhea. Furthermore, proper waste management and disposal of feces are critical in maintaining a clean and healthy environment.

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions in preventing diarrhea events in toddlers. The results of this study suggest that improving these factors can reduce the incidence of diarrhea and contribute to better public health outcomes. Therefore, it is recommended that the Puskesmas cooperate across sectors to increase counseling about the practice of clean and healthy living in a sustainable manner. In particular, an increase in hand washing movement with soap needs to be promoted by involving various organizations, both government and private, to increase the level of public awareness. In addition, the Sanitation Office is expected to provide temporary waste management facilities to support environmental cleanliness.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  1. Increase counseling about clean and healthy living: The Puskesmas should cooperate across sectors to increase counseling about the practice of clean and healthy living in a sustainable manner.
  2. Promote hand washing movement with soap: An increase in hand washing movement with soap needs to be promoted by involving various organizations, both government and private, to increase the level of public awareness.
  3. Provide temporary waste management facilities: The Sanitation Office is expected to provide temporary waste management facilities to support environmental cleanliness.
  4. Improve maternal healthy behavior: Improving maternal healthy behavior, such as the use of latrines, access to clean water, and hand washing habits, can reduce the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers.
  5. Improve basic sanitation conditions: Improving basic sanitation conditions, such as proper waste management and disposal of feces, can maintain a clean and healthy environment.

Limitations

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Secondly, the study only focused on the Deli River Basin, which may not be representative of other regions in Medan City. Finally, the study only examined the relationship between maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions with diarrhea events in toddlers, and did not explore other potential factors that may contribute to diarrhea.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to explore other potential factors that may contribute to diarrhea, such as socioeconomic status, education level, and access to healthcare. Additionally, future studies should aim to examine the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions in preventing diarrhea events in toddlers.

References

  • Medan City Health Office. (2017). Report on Diarrhea Cases in Medan City.
  • World Health Organization. (2018). Diarrhea Fact Sheet.
    Q&A: Relationship between Mother's Healthy Behavior and Basic Sanitation Environment with Diarrhea Events in Toddlers in the Deli River Basin Medan City in 2018

Q: What is the significance of this study?

A: This study is significant because it explores the relationship between maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions with diarrhea events in toddlers in the Deli River Basin, Medan City, in 2018. The findings of this study can inform public health interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers.

Q: What are the main findings of this study?

A: The main findings of this study are that there is a significant relationship between the behavior of the use of latrines, the use of clean water, the habit of washing hands with soap, as well as a means of managing waste and disposal of feces with diarrhea events in toddlers. Multivariate analysis revealed that the variable most related to the incidence of diarrhea is a means of waste management.

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: The implications of this study are that improving maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions can reduce the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. The use of latrines, access to clean water, and hand washing habits are essential components of healthy behavior that can prevent diarrhea. Furthermore, proper waste management and disposal of feces are critical in maintaining a clean and healthy environment.

Q: What are the recommendations of this study?

A: The recommendations of this study are that the Puskesmas should cooperate across sectors to increase counseling about the practice of clean and healthy living in a sustainable manner. An increase in hand washing movement with soap needs to be promoted by involving various organizations, both government and private, to increase the level of public awareness. The Sanitation Office is expected to provide temporary waste management facilities to support environmental cleanliness.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study are that the sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. The study only focused on the Deli River Basin, which may not be representative of other regions in Medan City. The study only examined the relationship between maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions with diarrhea events in toddlers, and did not explore other potential factors that may contribute to diarrhea.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: Future research should aim to explore other potential factors that may contribute to diarrhea, such as socioeconomic status, education level, and access to healthcare. Additionally, future studies should aim to examine the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions in preventing diarrhea events in toddlers.

Q: What are the policy implications of this study?

A: The policy implications of this study are that the government should prioritize the improvement of maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions in order to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. The government should also provide support for the implementation of hand washing movement with soap and the provision of temporary waste management facilities.

Q: What are the implications for public health practice?

A: The implications for public health practice are that public health practitioners should prioritize the improvement of maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions in order to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. Public health practitioners should also promote hand washing movement with soap and provide support for the implementation of waste management facilities.

Q: What are the implications for community health?

A: The implications for community health are that community health workers should prioritize the improvement of maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions in order to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. Community health workers should also promote hand washing movement with soap and provide support for the implementation of waste management facilities.

Q: What are the implications for education?

A: The implications for education are that education should prioritize the importance of maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions in order to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. Education should also promote hand washing movement with soap and provide support for the implementation of waste management facilities.

Q: What are the implications for research?

A: The implications for research are that research should prioritize the exploration of other potential factors that may contribute to diarrhea, such as socioeconomic status, education level, and access to healthcare. Research should also examine the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving maternal healthy behavior and basic sanitation conditions in preventing diarrhea events in toddlers.