Relationship Between Eating Patterns And Physical Activity With The Incidence Of Hypertension At The Simalingkar Health Center In Medan City In 2023

Feb 27, 2025 by ADMIN 149 views

Introduction

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is one of the increasing health problems throughout the world. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2021, around 1.28 billion people suffer from hypertension. In Indonesia, based on basic health research conducted in 2018, the prevalence of hypertension in North Sumatra Province reached 29.11% of the population. This condition is a serious concern considering hypertension can cause various serious complications, such as stroke and heart disease.

Background of the Study

The relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension has been a topic of interest in recent years. Research has shown that a healthy diet and regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of hypertension. However, the specific relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension in the Simalingkar Health Center, Medan City, in 2023 is not well understood.

Methodology

This study uses an analytic approach with a cross-sectional design. Data was collected through a questionnaire consisting of SQ-FFQ (Semasiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire) interview techniques, physical activity level forms, and analysis using the Chi-Square test. The study aims to explore the relationship between eating patterns and the level of physical activity with the incidence of hypertension at the Simalingkar Health Center, Medan City, in 2023.

Results

The results of this study showed that the majority of the population consumed food with unhealthy patterns. As many as 40.1% of the population consume excess carbohydrates, 53.1% consume excess fat, and 59.2% consume excess sodium. Regarding physical activity, 63.9% of respondents have sufficient levels of physical activity. This finding indicates that there is a significant relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension. P-value obtained for carbohydrates is 0.004 (p <0.05), for fat 0.002 (p <0.05), for sodium 0,0001 (p <0.05), and for physical activity 0.001 (p < 0.05).

Discussion

The results of this study suggest that a high eating pattern of carbohydrates, fats, and sodium has a significant relationship with the incidence of hypertension. This finding is consistent with previous research that has shown that a diet high in carbohydrates, fats, and sodium can increase the risk of hypertension. Therefore, it is essential for individuals who have such eating patterns to pay more attention to their food intake, especially those rich in carbohydrates, fats, and sodium.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study found a significant relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension at the Simalingkar Health Center, Medan City, in 2023. The results of this study suggest that a high eating pattern of carbohydrates, fats, and sodium has a significant relationship with the incidence of hypertension. Therefore, it is essential for individuals who have such eating patterns to pay more attention to their food intake, especially those rich in carbohydrates, fats, and sodium.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations can be made:

Individuals who have a high eating pattern of carbohydrates, fats, and sodium should pay more attention to their food intake, especially those rich in carbohydrates, fats, and sodium.
People who have mild physical activity should increase physical activity through exercise or other activities to maintain heart health and blood pressure.
Individuals with hypertension should routinely monitor their blood pressure in health facilities.
Awareness of the importance of maintaining a healthy diet and routine physical activity will not only help reduce the risk of hypertension, but also improve the overall quality of life.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the study was conducted in a specific population, and the results may not be generalizable to other populations. Secondly, the study used a cross-sectional design, which may not be able to establish causality between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension. Finally, the study did not control for other potential confounding variables that may affect the relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to replicate the findings of this study in other populations and settings. Additionally, future research should aim to establish causality between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension. This can be achieved through longitudinal studies or randomized controlled trials. Finally, future research should aim to identify other potential confounding variables that may affect the relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension.

Conclusion

Q: What is hypertension, and why is it a concern?

A: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is consistently too high. It is a concern because it can cause various serious complications, such as stroke and heart disease.

Q: What are the risk factors for hypertension?

A: The risk factors for hypertension include a high eating pattern of carbohydrates, fats, and sodium, physical inactivity, obesity, family history of hypertension, and age.

Q: What is the relationship between eating patterns and hypertension?

A: The results of this study suggest that a high eating pattern of carbohydrates, fats, and sodium has a significant relationship with the incidence of hypertension. This means that individuals who consume a diet high in carbohydrates, fats, and sodium are at a higher risk of developing hypertension.

Q: What is the relationship between physical activity and hypertension?

A: The results of this study suggest that physical activity has a significant relationship with the incidence of hypertension. This means that individuals who engage in regular physical activity are at a lower risk of developing hypertension.

Q: What can individuals do to reduce their risk of hypertension?

A: Individuals can reduce their risk of hypertension by paying attention to their food intake, especially those rich in carbohydrates, fats, and sodium. They can also engage in regular physical activity, such as exercise or other activities, to maintain heart health and blood pressure.

Q: How can individuals monitor their blood pressure?

A: Individuals can monitor their blood pressure by regularly checking their blood pressure at home or in a health facility. They can also consult with their healthcare provider to determine the best way to monitor their blood pressure.

Q: What are the benefits of maintaining a healthy diet and regular physical activity?

A: Maintaining a healthy diet and regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of hypertension, improve overall quality of life, and increase life expectancy.

Q: Can hypertension be prevented?

A: While hypertension cannot be completely prevented, it can be managed and controlled through a healthy diet and regular physical activity. Individuals can also take steps to reduce their risk of hypertension, such as paying attention to their food intake and engaging in regular physical activity.

Q: What are the next steps for individuals who have hypertension?

A: Individuals who have hypertension should consult with their healthcare provider to determine the best course of treatment. They may need to make lifestyle changes, such as paying attention to their food intake and engaging in regular physical activity, or take medication to manage their blood pressure.

Q: Can hypertension be cured?

A: While hypertension cannot be completely cured, it can be managed and controlled through a healthy diet and regular physical activity. Individuals can also take steps to reduce their risk of hypertension, such as paying attention to their food intake and engaging in regular physical activity.

Q: What are the resources available for individuals who have hypertension?

A: There are various resources available for individuals who have hypertension, including healthcare providers, support groups, and online resources. Individuals can also consult with their healthcare provider to determine the best resources for their specific needs.

Q: How can individuals get involved in hypertension research?

A: Individuals can get involved in hypertension research by participating in studies, volunteering for research projects, or donating to organizations that support hypertension research. They can also consult with their healthcare provider to determine the best way to get involved in hypertension research.