Profile Of Patients With Vulvovaginal Candidiasis In Users Of Contraception In The Uterus (IUD) At The Pancurbatu Health Center

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Profile of Patients with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Users of Contraceptives in the Womb (IUD) at the Pancurbatu Health Center

Introduction

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (KVV) is a common infection that affects millions of women worldwide, causing discomfort, itching, and vaginal discharge. The use of contraceptives in the womb (IUD) is a known risk factor for KVV, as it can lead to excessive microbial growth in the vaginal area. This study aims to determine the profile and species of Candida in KVV sufferers who use IUDs at the Pancurbatu Health Center.

Background

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (KVV) is an infection that occurs in female reproductive organs, especially in vulvar and vaginal mucosa. The main symptoms are vaginal discharge and itching caused by the growth of uncontrolled Candida fungus. KVV can appear in various forms, both acute, chronic, and episodic. One risk factor that can trigger KVV is the use of contraception in the womb (IUD). Installation of IUDs that are not done sterile can cause excessive microbial growth in the vaginal area, thereby increasing the likelihood of infection.

Research Purposes

This study aims to determine the profile and species of Candida in KVV sufferers who are IUD users at the Pancurbatu Health Center. The study aims to provide an important picture of the profile of KVV sufferers and can be a reference for health in designing appropriate interventions to prevent and deal with this infection, especially in the group of IUD users.

Research Methods

This study uses a descriptive design with a cross-sectional study approach. Samples are taken from KVV sufferers who use IUDs at the Pancurbatu Health Center. The method used in sampling is a total sampling, where data is collected through interviews to get general information. The study was conducted during September to December 2016.

Research Result

Of the 25 samples examined, the vaginal secretion of KVV sufferers was identified. In gram staining analysis, yeast cell morphology was found in 14 samples (56%). Culture testing is carried out using the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium and identification is done using a brilliance media. The identification results show that the most common species found are Candida albicans with a total of 13 samples (52%), followed by Candida Tropicalis with 1 sample (4%).

From the data analysis collected, information was obtained that KVV sufferers who used the most IUDs were in the 31-40 year old age group (44%), working as housewives (44%), originating from the Karo tribe (40%), had education finally at the high school level (52%), and around 32% of IUD users use contraception for less than 12 months. All IUD users studied using Cut 380A type.

Demographic Profile of KVV Sufferers

The demographic profile of KVV sufferers who use IUDs at the Pancurbatu Health Center is as follows:

  • Age: The majority of KVV sufferers who use IUDs are in the 31-40 year old age group (44%).
  • Occupation: The majority of KVV sufferers who use IUDs are working as housewives (44%).
  • Tribe: The majority of KVV sufferers who use IUDs are originating from the Karo tribe (40%).
  • Education: The majority of KVV sufferers who use IUDs have education finally at the high school level (52%).
  • Duration of IUD use: Around 32% of IUD users use contraception for less than 12 months.

Conclusion

The most commonly found Candida species in people with KVV who use IUDs at the Pancurbatu Health Center are Candida Albicans. This study provides an important picture of the profile of KVV sufferers, and can be a reference for health in designing appropriate interventions to prevent and deal with this infection, especially in the group of IUD users. By understanding the demographic profiles and fungal species involved, it is hoped that more effective prevention strategies can be developed to reduce the prevalence of KVV in the community.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • Health education and awareness programs should be conducted to inform women about the risks of KVV and the importance of proper IUD use.
  • Health care providers should be trained to identify and manage KVV in women who use IUDs.
  • Further research should be conducted to investigate the relationship between IUD use and KVV, and to develop effective prevention strategies.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

  • The study was conducted in a single health center, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
  • The study only included women who use IUDs, which may not be representative of all women with KVV.
  • The study did not investigate the relationship between IUD use and KVV in women with other risk factors.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on investigating the relationship between IUD use and KVV in women with other risk factors, and developing effective prevention strategies. Additionally, further research should be conducted to investigate the demographic profiles and fungal species involved in KVV in women who use IUDs.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (KVV) in Users of Contraceptives in the Womb (IUD)

Q: What is Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (KVV)?

A: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (KVV) is an infection that occurs in female reproductive organs, especially in vulvar and vaginal mucosa. The main symptoms are vaginal discharge and itching caused by the growth of uncontrolled Candida fungus.

Q: What is the relationship between IUD use and KVV?

A: The use of contraceptives in the womb (IUD) is a known risk factor for KVV, as it can lead to excessive microbial growth in the vaginal area. Installation of IUDs that are not done sterile can cause excessive microbial growth in the vaginal area, thereby increasing the likelihood of infection.

Q: What are the common symptoms of KVV?

A: The common symptoms of KVV include:

  • Vaginal discharge
  • Itching
  • Redness and swelling of the vulva
  • Pain during sex
  • Burning sensation while urinating

Q: How is KVV diagnosed?

A: KVV is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. The laboratory tests include:

  • Gram staining
  • Culture testing using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium
  • Identification using a brilliance media

Q: What are the common species of Candida found in KVV?

A: The most common species found in KVV are Candida albicans and Candida Tropicalis.

Q: What is the demographic profile of KVV sufferers who use IUDs?

A: The demographic profile of KVV sufferers who use IUDs is as follows:

  • Age: The majority of KVV sufferers who use IUDs are in the 31-40 year old age group.
  • Occupation: The majority of KVV sufferers who use IUDs are working as housewives.
  • Tribe: The majority of KVV sufferers who use IUDs are originating from the Karo tribe.
  • Education: The majority of KVV sufferers who use IUDs have education finally at the high school level.
  • Duration of IUD use: Around 32% of IUD users use contraception for less than 12 months.

Q: How can KVV be prevented?

A: KVV can be prevented by:

  • Practicing good hygiene
  • Avoiding the use of scented soaps and bubble baths
  • Wearing cotton underwear
  • Avoiding tight-fitting clothing
  • Getting regular check-ups with a healthcare provider

Q: How can KVV be treated?

A: KVV can be treated with antifungal medications, such as fluconazole. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.

Q: What are the complications of KVV?

A: The complications of KVV include:

  • Recurrent infections
  • Infertility
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
  • Septicemia

Q: Can KVV be prevented in women who use IUDs?

A: Yes, KVV can be prevented in women who use IUDs by:

  • Practicing good hygiene
  • Avoiding the use of scented soaps and bubble baths
  • Wearing cotton underwear
  • Avoiding tight-fitting clothing
  • Getting regular check-ups with a healthcare provider

Q: What is the role of healthcare providers in preventing and treating KVV?

A: Healthcare providers play a crucial role in preventing and treating KVV by:

  • Educating women about the risks of KVV and the importance of proper IUD use
  • Conducting regular check-ups and screenings for KVV
  • Prescribing antifungal medications and other treatments as needed
  • Providing guidance on how to prevent KVV.