Prevalence Of Peripheral Artery Disease In Outpatients With Metabolic Syndrome At Hj Hospital. Adam Malik Medan

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Prevalence of Peripheral Artery Disease in Outpatients with Metabolic Syndrome at Hj Hospital. Adam Malik Medan

Peripheral arterial disease (PAP) is a disorder that affects the arteries that supply blood to the lower limb, causing damage to the blood vessels and increasing the risk of various complications. One of the factors that contribute to the occurrence of PAP is metabolic syndrome, a condition in which tissue sensitivity to insulin decreases, leading to an increase in insulin secretion and damage to blood vessels. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of PAP in patients with metabolic syndrome, with a focus on identifying the risk factors and complications associated with this condition.

Metabolic syndrome is a complex condition characterized by a cluster of risk factors, including insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia. These factors can lead to damage to blood vessels, increasing the risk of complications such as PAP. PAP is a serious condition that can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the legs, and can lead to amputation if left untreated. Early detection and proper treatment of metabolic syndrome are crucial to reduce the risk of complications, including PAP.

This study used a descriptive cross-sectional approach to assess the prevalence of PAP in patients with metabolic syndrome. The study involved 97 patients undergoing health checks at the Internal Polyclinic of Diseases in the Adam Malik Hospital Medan. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was determined based on the criteria of NCEP-ATP III 2001, while the diagnosis of PAP was done by measuring the ankle-brachial index (ABI) using a handheld doppler device. The ABI value of less than 0.9 was considered positive for PAP.

The results showed that of the 97 patients involved, diabetes was detected in 100% of patients, hypertension at 62.9% (61 people), obesity at 94.8% (92 people), and dyslipidemia at 71.1% (69 people). The PAP prevalence was found at 10.3%, with a higher distribution among female participants (60%), the age group 56-60 years (80%), and non-smokers (60%). These findings highlight the importance of early detection and proper treatment of metabolic syndrome to reduce the risk of complications, including PAP.

PAP is one of the serious complications that can appear in patients with metabolic syndrome, and their prevalence tends to be higher in older age groups, women, and individuals who do not smoke. These findings are consistent with previous studies that have shown a higher prevalence of PAP in patients with metabolic syndrome. The results of this study also highlight the importance of lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity, healthy eating patterns, and weight management, in preventing the development of PAP.

In conclusion, this study found a high prevalence of PAP in patients with metabolic syndrome, with a higher distribution among female participants, the age group 56-60 years, and non-smokers. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and proper treatment of metabolic syndrome to reduce the risk of complications, including PAP. Prevention efforts can be done through lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity, healthy eating patterns, and weight management. Further research is also needed to explore the relationship between other risk factors, such as genetics and the environment, with the prevalence of PAP in a wider population.

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • Early detection and proper treatment of metabolic syndrome are crucial to reduce the risk of complications, including PAP.
  • Lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity, healthy eating patterns, and weight management, can help prevent the development of PAP.
  • Further research is needed to explore the relationship between other risk factors, such as genetics and the environment, with the prevalence of PAP in a wider population.
  • Medical personnel should pay more attention to the possibility of PAP as a complication in patients with metabolic syndrome.

This study had several limitations, including:

  • The study was conducted in a single hospital and may not be representative of the wider population.
  • The sample size was relatively small, which may have limited the generalizability of the findings.
  • The study did not control for other risk factors, such as genetics and the environment, which may have influenced the prevalence of PAP.

Future studies should aim to explore the relationship between other risk factors, such as genetics and the environment, with the prevalence of PAP in a wider population. Additionally, studies should investigate the effectiveness of lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity, healthy eating patterns, and weight management, in preventing the development of PAP.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Peripheral Artery Disease (PAP) in Metabolic Syndrome

A: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAP) is a disorder that affects the arteries that supply blood to the lower limb, causing damage to the blood vessels and increasing the risk of various complications.

A: Metabolic Syndrome is a complex condition characterized by a cluster of risk factors, including insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia. These factors can lead to damage to blood vessels, increasing the risk of complications such as PAP.

A: The risk factors for PAP in Metabolic Syndrome include:

  • Age: Older age groups are at higher risk of developing PAP.
  • Sex: Women are at higher risk of developing PAP than men.
  • Smoking: Non-smokers are at higher risk of developing PAP.
  • Obesity: Individuals with obesity are at higher risk of developing PAP.
  • Hypertension: Individuals with hypertension are at higher risk of developing PAP.
  • Dyslipidemia: Individuals with dyslipidemia are at higher risk of developing PAP.

A: PAP is diagnosed by measuring the ankle-brachial index (ABI) using a handheld doppler device. The ABI value of less than 0.9 is considered positive for PAP.

A: The symptoms of PAP include:

  • Pain in the legs
  • Numbness in the legs
  • Weakness in the legs
  • Coldness in the legs
  • Poor circulation in the legs

A: PAP is treated with lifestyle changes, such as:

  • Increasing physical activity
  • Healthy eating patterns
  • Weight management
  • Quitting smoking
  • Controlling hypertension and dyslipidemia

A: Yes, PAP can be prevented by:

  • Maintaining a healthy weight
  • Engaging in regular physical activity
  • Eating a healthy diet
  • Quitting smoking
  • Controlling hypertension and dyslipidemia

A: The prognosis for individuals with PAP depends on the severity of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment. With proper treatment, individuals with PAP can experience improved symptoms and quality of life.

A: Yes, PAP can lead to other complications, such as:

  • Amputation
  • Gangrene
  • Infection
  • Heart disease
  • Stroke

A: Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome can reduce their risk of developing PAP by:

  • Maintaining a healthy weight
  • Engaging in regular physical activity
  • Eating a healthy diet
  • Quitting smoking
  • Controlling hypertension and dyslipidemia

A: Healthcare providers play a crucial role in preventing and treating PAP by:

  • Educating patients about the risks and symptoms of PAP
  • Conducting regular screenings for PAP
  • Providing lifestyle changes and medical treatment for PAP
  • Monitoring patients for complications of PAP