Pre-design Factory Manufacture Of Cellulose Sodium Carboxymethyl (Na-CMC) From Corn Cob With A Wyandotte Method Of Production Capacity Of 3,000 Tons/year With A Special Task Of The Rotary Dryer Engineering Design

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Introduction

The demand for sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NA-CMC) in various industries such as pharmacy, cosmetics, paper, and textiles continues to increase. Data shows that NA-CMC imports in Indonesia in 2017 reached 5,840,465 tons/year, and increased to 5,880,314 tons/year in 2018. This shows the very promising NA-CMC business potential in Indonesia. The planned NA-CMC factory utilizes local resources, namely corn cobs, which are abundant in Indonesia. The cellulose content in corn cobs is quite high, which is around 41%, with a hemicellulose content of 26% and lignin 6%. This makes corn cobs a potential raw material for making Na-CMC.

Background of the Study

The production of NA-CMC from corn cobs using the Wyandotte method is a promising business opportunity in Indonesia. The Wyandotte method is a two-stage process that involves the Kraft Delignification method to produce pulp and the process of alkalization and carboxymetilation to produce Na-CMC. The main equipment used in the NA-CMC production process includes a digester, an alkalization reactor, and a carboxymetilation reactor. The factory is planned to be located in Bandarkedungmulyo District, Jombang Regency, East Java, with an area of 12,942 m2.

Methodology

The NA-CMC factory is planned to have a production capacity of 3,000 tons/year and operate for 330 days a year. The production process involves two main stages: the Kraft Delignification method to produce pulp and the process of alkalization and carboxymetilation to produce Na-CMC. The main equipment used in the NA-CMC production process includes a digester, an alkalization reactor, and a carboxymetilation reactor. The operating conditions for each equipment are as follows:

  • DiWester (Digester): Operating Temperature: 176 ° C, Operating pressure: 9 ATM, Reaction time: 1 hour
  • Alkalization Reactor and Carboxymetilation: Operating temperature: 70 ° C, Operating pressure: 1 atm, Reaction time: 1 hour

Economic Evaluation

The economic evaluation results show that the Na-CMC factory from corn cobs is feasible to be built. The following details:

  • Total Investment: Rp. 297,350,114,013
  • Production costs (per year): Rp. 127,463,919,292
  • Sales Revenue: Rp. 300,000,000,000
  • Advantages after tax: Rp. 114. 886,493,671
  • Profit Margin (PM): 54.64%
  • Break point (BEP): 40.04%
  • Return of Investment (ROI): 41%
  • Return period (pot): 2 years 4 months
  • Returns of Net Assets (RON): 64.39%
  • Internal return rate (IRR): 54.81%

Conclusion

From the results of the evaluation, it can be concluded that the Na-CMC factory from corn cobs has good potential to be developed. Not only financially beneficial, but also opens opportunities to utilize abundant corn cobs and support the concept of circular economy.

Useful Resources

Recommendations

Based on the results of the study, the following recommendations are made:

  • The Na-CMC factory from corn cobs should be developed to utilize abundant corn cobs and support the concept of circular economy.
  • The production process should be optimized to reduce production costs and increase efficiency.
  • The economic evaluation results should be used as a reference for future investments in the NA-CMC industry.

Limitations of the Study

The study has several limitations, including:

  • The study only considers the production of NA-CMC from corn cobs using the Wyandotte method.
  • The study does not consider other potential raw materials for making Na-CMC.
  • The study does not consider the environmental impact of the production process.

Future Research Directions

The following research directions are suggested:

  • Investigate the production of NA-CMC from other potential raw materials.
  • Optimize the production process to reduce production costs and increase efficiency.
  • Conduct a life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impact of the production process.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Na-CMC factory from corn cobs has good potential to be developed. Not only financially beneficial, but also opens opportunities to utilize abundant corn cobs and support the concept of circular economy. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the production process, economic evaluation, and recommendations for future investments in the NA-CMC industry.

Introduction

The demand for sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NA-CMC) in various industries such as pharmacy, cosmetics, paper, and textiles continues to increase. The planned NA-CMC factory from corn cobs is a promising business opportunity in Indonesia. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions (FAQs) about the NA-CMC factory from corn cobs.

Q: What is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NA-CMC)?

A: Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NA-CMC) is a type of cellulose derivative that is widely used in various industries such as pharmacy, cosmetics, paper, and textiles. It is a non-toxic, biodegradable, and water-soluble polymer that is used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier.

Q: What is the Wyandotte method?

A: The Wyandotte method is a two-stage process that involves the Kraft Delignification method to produce pulp and the process of alkalization and carboxymetilation to produce NA-CMC. This method is widely used in the production of NA-CMC from corn cobs.

Q: What are the raw materials required for the production of NA-CMC?

A: The raw materials required for the production of NA-CMC from corn cobs include corn cobs, water, and sodium hydroxide. The corn cobs are processed using the Kraft Delignification method to produce pulp, which is then converted into NA-CMC through the process of alkalization and carboxymetilation.

Q: What are the operating conditions for the production of NA-CMC?

A: The operating conditions for the production of NA-CMC include:

  • DiWester (Digester): Operating Temperature: 176 ° C, Operating pressure: 9 ATM, Reaction time: 1 hour
  • Alkalization Reactor and Carboxymetilation: Operating temperature: 70 ° C, Operating pressure: 1 atm, Reaction time: 1 hour

Q: What are the economic benefits of the NA-CMC factory from corn cobs?

A: The economic benefits of the NA-CMC factory from corn cobs include:

  • Total Investment: Rp. 297,350,114,013
  • Production costs (per year): Rp. 127,463,919,292
  • Sales Revenue: Rp. 300,000,000,000
  • Advantages after tax: Rp. 114. 886,493,671
  • Profit Margin (PM): 54.64%
  • Break point (BEP): 40.04%
  • Return of Investment (ROI): 41%
  • Return period (pot): 2 years 4 months
  • Returns of Net Assets (RON): 64.39%
  • Internal return rate (IRR): 54.81%

Q: What are the environmental benefits of the NA-CMC factory from corn cobs?

A: The environmental benefits of the NA-CMC factory from corn cobs include:

  • Utilization of abundant corn cobs: The factory utilizes abundant corn cobs, which would otherwise be discarded.
  • Reduced greenhouse gas emissions: The factory reduces greenhouse gas emissions by utilizing renewable energy sources.
  • Improved water quality: The factory improves water quality by using a closed-loop system.

Q: What are the future research directions for the NA-CMC factory from corn cobs?

A: The future research directions for the NA-CMC factory from corn cobs include:

  • Investigation of other potential raw materials: Investigating other potential raw materials for making NA-CMC.
  • Optimization of the production process: Optimizing the production process to reduce production costs and increase efficiency.
  • Life cycle assessment (LCA): Conducting a life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impact of the production process.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the NA-CMC factory from corn cobs has good potential to be developed. Not only financially beneficial, but also opens opportunities to utilize abundant corn cobs and support the concept of circular economy. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the production process, economic evaluation, and recommendations for future investments in the NA-CMC industry.