Output Of The Mother And Baby In Patients With Severe Pregnancy Preeclampsia <37 Weeks With Expectative And Active Treatment
Understanding Preeclampsia: A Serious Complication in Pregnancy
Preeclampsia is a serious complication that can occur during pregnancy, characterized by increased blood pressure and signs of organ damage. In Indonesia, the maternal mortality rate (MMR) is still high and does not show a significant decline. According to the National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN) report, the maternal mortality rate in 2003 reached 307 per 100,000 live births, and despite a decline in the next few years, the target set by the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for 2015 was 125 per 100,000 live births, which is still difficult to achieve. The main causes that contribute to high maternal mortality include bleeding, preeclampsia/eclampsia, and infection.
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and infant mortality worldwide, and its impact can be devastating for both mothers and babies. In severe cases, preeclampsia can lead to eclampsia, a more severe condition characterized by convulsions and can be fatal. Therefore, it is essential to understand the impact of preeclampsia on mothers and infants and to develop effective management strategies to minimize risk.
The Impact of Preeclampsia on Mothers and Infants
Preeclampsia can have a significant impact on the health of both mothers and babies. For mothers, complications from preeclampsia can cause a number of health problems, including impaired kidney function, liver damage, and the risk of stroke. In addition, preeclampsia can lead to eclampsia, which is a more severe condition characterized by convulsions and can be fatal.
Babies born from mothers with preeclampsia are also at high risk of experiencing complications. The risk of premature birth is very high in cases of severe preeclampsia, which can have an impact on the growth and development of infants. Premature babies have a higher risk of respiratory problems, infections, and long-term developmental disorders. Therefore, proper management in the context of preeclampsia is very important to minimize risk for mothers and infants.
Preeclampsia Management Approach: Expectative vs. Active
In the management of severe preeclampsia, the decision to apply an expectative or active approach depends on the health conditions of the mother and baby, as well as the gestational age. If the mother's blood pressure can be controlled and there are no signs of organ disorders, the expectative approach can be applied. However, if there is a decrease in conditions, or if the baby shows signs of distress, the active approach is more recommended.
The active approach involves more aggressive intervention, including the possibility of early birth to protect the health of the mother and baby. Labor induction method or caesarean section can be done to reduce the risk of further complications for mothers and infants. The medical team must monitor the condition of the mother and baby regularly to make the right and fast decisions.
Expectative Approach: Monitoring and Action
The expectative approach involves careful monitoring and action if needed. This approach is suitable for mothers with mild preeclampsia or those who are close to term. The medical team will closely monitor the mother's blood pressure and the baby's condition, and take action if there are any signs of complications.
Active Approach: Aggressive Intervention
The active approach involves more aggressive intervention, including the possibility of early birth to protect the health of the mother and baby. Labor induction method or caesarean section can be done to reduce the risk of further complications for mothers and infants. The medical team must monitor the condition of the mother and baby regularly to make the right and fast decisions.
Conclusion
Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of high maternal mortality in Indonesia. Given the serious impact on the health of the mother and baby, the right understanding and treatment of this condition is very important. By prioritizing an appropriate approach, both expectative and active, it is expected to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates due to preeclampsia, thus creating better pregnancy results. Efforts to improve health services for pregnant women and education about the signs of preeclampsia are also the key to overcoming this problem more effectively.
Recommendations
Based on the analysis of the impact of preeclampsia on mothers and infants, the following recommendations are made:
- Improved Health Services: Efforts to improve health services for pregnant women, including access to quality prenatal care, are essential to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates due to preeclampsia.
- Education about Preeclampsia: Education about the signs of preeclampsia, including increased blood pressure and signs of organ damage, is crucial to enable pregnant women to seek medical attention early.
- Appropriate Management: Prioritizing an appropriate approach, both expectative and active, is essential to minimize risk for mothers and infants.
- Regular Monitoring: Regular monitoring of the mother's blood pressure and the baby's condition is crucial to make the right and fast decisions.
By implementing these recommendations, it is expected to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates due to preeclampsia, thus creating better pregnancy results.
Understanding Preeclampsia: A Serious Complication in Pregnancy
Preeclampsia is a serious complication that can occur during pregnancy, characterized by increased blood pressure and signs of organ damage. In Indonesia, the maternal mortality rate (MMR) is still high and does not show a significant decline. According to the National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN) report, the maternal mortality rate in 2003 reached 307 per 100,000 live births, and despite a decline in the next few years, the target set by the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for 2015 was 125 per 100,000 live births, which is still difficult to achieve. The main causes that contribute to high maternal mortality include bleeding, preeclampsia/eclampsia, and infection.
Q&A: Preeclampsia and Its Management
Q: What is preeclampsia?
A: Preeclampsia is a serious complication that can occur during pregnancy, characterized by increased blood pressure and signs of organ damage.
Q: What are the symptoms of preeclampsia?
A: The symptoms of preeclampsia include:
- Increased blood pressure
- Protein in the urine
- Headache
- Vision changes
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
Q: What are the risks of preeclampsia?
A: The risks of preeclampsia include:
- Maternal mortality
- Premature birth
- Low birth weight
- Respiratory problems
- Infections
- Long-term developmental disorders
Q: What is the expectative approach in managing preeclampsia?
A: The expectative approach involves careful monitoring and action if needed. This approach is suitable for mothers with mild preeclampsia or those who are close to term. The medical team will closely monitor the mother's blood pressure and the baby's condition, and take action if there are any signs of complications.
Q: What is the active approach in managing preeclampsia?
A: The active approach involves more aggressive intervention, including the possibility of early birth to protect the health of the mother and baby. Labor induction method or caesarean section can be done to reduce the risk of further complications for mothers and infants. The medical team must monitor the condition of the mother and baby regularly to make the right and fast decisions.
Q: How can I prevent preeclampsia?
A: While there is no surefire way to prevent preeclampsia, there are some steps you can take to reduce your risk:
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Exercise regularly
- Eat a balanced diet
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
- Get regular prenatal care
Q: What should I do if I experience symptoms of preeclampsia?
A: If you experience symptoms of preeclampsia, such as increased blood pressure or protein in the urine, seek medical attention immediately. Your healthcare provider will perform a series of tests to confirm the diagnosis and develop a treatment plan.
Q: Can preeclampsia be treated?
A: While preeclampsia cannot be cured, it can be managed with proper treatment. The goal of treatment is to reduce the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby. This may involve medication to lower blood pressure, bed rest, and close monitoring of the mother's and baby's condition.
Q: What are the long-term effects of preeclampsia?
A: The long-term effects of preeclampsia can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the effectiveness of treatment. Some women may experience:
- High blood pressure
- Kidney damage
- Liver damage
- Cardiovascular disease
- Cognitive impairment
Q: Can preeclampsia affect future pregnancies?
A: Yes, preeclampsia can affect future pregnancies. Women who have had preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy are at higher risk of developing the condition again in a subsequent pregnancy.
Q: How can I reduce my risk of preeclampsia in future pregnancies?
A: To reduce your risk of preeclampsia in future pregnancies, follow these tips:
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Exercise regularly
- Eat a balanced diet
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
- Get regular prenatal care
By understanding the risks and symptoms of preeclampsia, you can take steps to reduce your risk and ensure a healthy pregnancy. If you experience symptoms of preeclampsia, seek medical attention immediately.