Metabolites Profile Of The Hormone Estrogen And Progesterone Feces During Pregnancy And The Birth Pattern Of Deer Sambar (cervus Unicolor)

Feb 27, 2025 by ADMIN 139 views

**Revealing the Secret of Sambar Deer Maternity: Hormone Profile and Birth Patterns**

Introduction

The reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) is a complex and fascinating topic that has garnered significant attention in recent years. As one of the most widely distributed deer species in the world, understanding the reproductive patterns and hormone profiles of the Sambar deer is crucial for effective conservation and management efforts. In this context, a research study conducted by Sukma Aditya Sitepu in 2012 under the guidance of Dr. Ir. RISTIKA HANDARINI, MP. and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sayed Umar, MS., aimed to reveal the secret of Sambar deer maternity by investigating the profile of the hormone estrogen and progesterone in the feces of pregnant Sambar deer.

Background

The Sambar deer is a large, majestic species that is native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. They are known for their impressive antlers and striking coat patterns, and are considered an important part of the ecosystem in their native habitats. However, the Sambar deer is also facing significant threats to their survival, including habitat loss, poaching, and human-wildlife conflict. As a result, there is a growing need for effective conservation and management strategies that can help to protect this species and ensure their long-term survival.

Methodology

The research study conducted by Sukma Aditya Sitepu used a non-invasive method to collect feces from pregnant Sambar deer at the University of North Sumatra (USU) deer breeding facility. The feces were then analyzed for hormone profiles using the endocrinological laboratory of the reproductive rehabilitation unit at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural Institute (IPB). The study observed three female Sambar deer during the period of December 2010 to December 2011, and collected fecal samples at regular intervals to monitor the hormone profiles.

Results

The results of the study showed that the profile of the hormone estrogen did not exhibit a clear pattern, while the concentration of the hormone progesterone reached its peak in the 9th month of pregnancy, with a value of 10.2 NG/g. This finding highlights the important role of progesterone in maintaining Sambar deer pregnancy, and suggests that this hormone plays a critical role in the reproductive cycle of this species.

Unique Behavior Observed

One of the most interesting findings of the study was the observation of a unique behavior exhibited by the mother Sambar deer. After giving birth, the mother deer was observed eating the placenta, a behavior that is considered a natural instinct in wild animals. This behavior is thought to be an adaptation that helps to protect the young from predators, by hiding the odor of the child and making it more difficult for predators to detect.

Implications of the Study

The findings of this study have significant implications for the conservation and management of the Sambar deer. Understanding the reproductive physiology of this species, including the hormone profiles and birth patterns, can provide valuable insights into the best ways to protect and manage this species. The study also highlights the importance of non-invasive methods for monitoring wildlife health, which can be more friendly and effective than traditional methods.

Research Uniqueness

This research study has several unique features that make it stand out from other studies on the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer. Some of the key features of this study include:

Non-invasive methods: The study used non-invasive methods to collect fecal samples from pregnant Sambar deer, which is a more friendly and effective approach than traditional methods.
Hormone profiles: The study provided important data on hormone profiles during Sambar deer pregnancy, which can be useful for understanding their reproductive cycle.
Observation of Sambar Deer Parent Behavior: The study observed a unique behavior exhibited by the mother Sambar deer, which provides interesting information about the survival strategy and adaptation of wild animals.

Benefits of Research

The findings of this study have several benefits that can be applied to the conservation and management of the Sambar deer. Some of the key benefits of this research include:

Basic information about reproductive physiology: The study provides basic information about the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer, which can be used to improve the conservation and management program of this species.
Increased success of breeding program: A better understanding of hormone profiles during pregnancy can be used to increase the success of the Sambar deer breeding program in captivity.
Development of non-invasive methods: The study encourages the development of non-invasive methods for monitoring wildlife health, which is more friendly and effective.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study conducted by Sukma Aditya Sitepu provides valuable insights into the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer, including the hormone profiles and birth patterns. The study highlights the importance of non-invasive methods for monitoring wildlife health, and provides a unique perspective on the survival strategy and adaptation of wild animals. The findings of this study have significant implications for the conservation and management of the Sambar deer, and can be used to improve the effectiveness of conservation and management efforts.

Introduction

The study on the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) conducted by Sukma Aditya Sitepu in 2012 has generated significant interest and attention in the scientific community. As a result, we have received numerous questions from researchers, conservationists, and wildlife enthusiasts who are eager to learn more about this fascinating species. In this article, we will address some of the most frequently asked questions related to the study and provide additional insights into the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer.

Q: What is the significance of the study on the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer?

A: The study on the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer is significant because it provides valuable insights into the reproductive cycle of this species. Understanding the hormone profiles and birth patterns of the Sambar deer can help conservationists and wildlife managers develop effective strategies for protecting and managing this species.

Q: What are the key findings of the study?

A: The key findings of the study include the observation of a unique behavior exhibited by the mother Sambar deer, which involves eating the placenta after giving birth. The study also found that the concentration of the hormone progesterone reaches its peak in the 9th month of pregnancy, with a value of 10.2 NG/g.

Q: What is the importance of progesterone in maintaining Sambar deer pregnancy?

A: Progesterone plays a critical role in maintaining Sambar deer pregnancy. The hormone helps to regulate the reproductive cycle and ensures that the fetus develops properly. The study found that the concentration of progesterone reaches its peak in the 9th month of pregnancy, which suggests that this hormone is essential for maintaining pregnancy in the Sambar deer.

Q: What is the significance of the observation of the mother Sambar deer eating the placenta?

A: The observation of the mother Sambar deer eating the placenta is significant because it provides insights into the survival strategy and adaptation of wild animals. Eating the placenta may help to protect the young from predators by hiding the odor of the child and making it more difficult for predators to detect.

Q: How can the findings of the study be applied to conservation and management efforts?

A: The findings of the study can be applied to conservation and management efforts in several ways. For example, understanding the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer can help conservationists and wildlife managers develop effective strategies for protecting and managing this species. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of non-invasive methods for monitoring wildlife health, which can be more friendly and effective than traditional methods.

Q: What are the limitations of the study?

A: The study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the limited duration of the study. Additionally, the study was conducted in a controlled environment, which may not reflect the natural behavior of the Sambar deer in the wild.

Q: What are the future directions for research on the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer?

A: Future research on the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer should focus on expanding the sample size and duration of the study. Additionally, researchers should investigate the effects of environmental factors, such as habitat quality and human-wildlife conflict, on the reproductive cycle of the Sambar deer.

Q: How can readers learn more about the study and its findings?

A: Readers can learn more about the study and its findings by contacting the researchers directly or by accessing the study's publication in a scientific journal. Additionally, readers can visit the website of the University of North Sumatra (USU) or the Bogor Agricultural Institute (IPB) to learn more about the study and its implications for conservation and management efforts.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study on the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer conducted by Sukma Aditya Sitepu in 2012 has provided valuable insights into the reproductive cycle of this species. The study highlights the importance of non-invasive methods for monitoring wildlife health and provides a unique perspective on the survival strategy and adaptation of wild animals. We hope that this article has addressed some of the most frequently asked questions related to the study and has provided additional insights into the reproductive physiology of the Sambar deer.