Making Linear Alkylbenzen Sulfonate From Alkilbenzen Using The Oleum Sulfonation Process With A Capacity Of 1,200 Tons/year And Special Task Of The Design Of The Reactor Details
Introduction
The production of linear alkylbenzen sulfonate (Labs) from alkylbenzen using the oleum sulfonation process is a crucial step in the manufacturing of various industrial products. In this article, we will discuss the design of a factory that has a production capacity of 1,200 tons per year and operates for 330 days a year. The main process in this factory design consists of three stages: preparation of raw materials, sulfonation and neutralization reaction stages, as well as purification stages.
Factory Design and Process
The factory that has been designed to produce Labs from alkylbenzen uses the oleum sulfonation process has a production capacity of 1,200 tons per year and operates for 330 days a year. The main process in this factory design consists of three stages: preparation of raw materials, sulfonation and neutralization reaction stages, as well as purification stages. In the stages of sulfonation and neutralization, two continuous tank reactor units are used operating at 55 ° C for one hour. The amount of alkylbenzen needed to achieve the annual production capacity is 108,1442 kg per hour.
The factory that produces the Labs is planned to be established in Sunggal District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, with a total factory area of ​​4,900 m². The water needs in this factory will be supplied from the Deli River as many as 51,242,409 kg per hour. The company's organizational structure is planned in the form of a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a linear organizational structure, as well as the number of employees as many as 123 people.
Reactor Design and Specifications
The detailed technical design for sulfonation reactors is a special task that is completed. The following are the specifications of the reactor that has been designed:
- Number of reactors: 1 unit
- Tank height: 1,016 m
- Tank head height: 0.169 m
- Shell Material Reactor: Carbon Steel SA-285 Grade C
- Konis height: 0.111 m
- Total tank height: 1,589 m
- The thickness of the shell reactor: 3/16 in
- The thickness of the head of the reactor: 3/16 in
- Stirring diameter: 0.204 m
- Stirring distance: 0.204 m
- The width of the blade: 0.041 m
- Bulkhead width: 0.051 m
- Length of blades: 0.051 m
- Jacket diameter: 0.876 m
- Jacket height: 0.892 m
- The area traversed: 0.299 m
- Jacket thickness: 3/16 in
Factory Economic Analysis
The results of the economic analysis of the pre-design factory show that the Sulfonate Alkylbenzen Linear Making Factory is feasible to be established. The following are the details of the economic analysis:
- Capital investment (Capital Investment - CI): IDR 90.502.363.451
- Total Costs (Total Cost - TC): IDR 49,733,566,945
- Profit margin (profit margin - pm): 43.41%
- Break even point (BEP): 42.11%
- Return on Investment - ROI): 30.81%
- Pay out time payment time: 3 years 2 months
- Return of Equity (Return on Network - Ron): 51.35%
- Internal rate of return (IRR): 26.42%
Conclusion
Based on the results of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the factory that produces linear alkylbenzen sulfonate from alkylbenzen uses the oleum sulfonation process has bright prospects. With a high profit margin and relatively short payment time, investment in this sector can provide significant profits. The existence of this factory can also support industry needs and create jobs in the local area, as well as contribute to the regional economy in North Sumatra Province.
Recommendations
Based on the results of the study, the following recommendations are made:
- The factory should be established in Sunggal District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, with a total factory area of ​​4,900 m².
- The water needs in this factory should be supplied from the Deli River as many as 51,242,409 kg per hour.
- The company's organizational structure should be planned in the form of a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a linear organizational structure, as well as the number of employees as many as 123 people.
- The reactor design and specifications should be implemented as planned.
- The economic analysis should be conducted regularly to ensure the feasibility of the factory.
Limitations of the Study
The study has several limitations, including:
- The study only focuses on the design of the factory and the process of producing linear alkylbenzen sulfonate from alkylbenzen using the oleum sulfonation process.
- The study does not consider the environmental impact of the factory.
- The study does not consider the social impact of the factory on the local community.
Future Research Directions
The study suggests the following future research directions:
- Conducting a detailed environmental impact assessment of the factory.
- Conducting a detailed social impact assessment of the factory on the local community.
- Conducting a cost-benefit analysis of the factory to determine the feasibility of the project.
- Conducting a sensitivity analysis of the factory to determine the impact of changes in the market and economic conditions on the feasibility of the project.
Q: What is the purpose of the oleum sulfonation process in the production of linear alkylbenzen sulfonate (Labs)?
A: The oleum sulfonation process is used to convert alkylbenzen into Labs, which is a crucial step in the manufacturing of various industrial products.
Q: What are the main stages of the process in the factory design?
A: The main stages of the process in the factory design consist of three stages: preparation of raw materials, sulfonation and neutralization reaction stages, as well as purification stages.
Q: How many continuous tank reactor units are used in the stages of sulfonation and neutralization?
A: Two continuous tank reactor units are used in the stages of sulfonation and neutralization.
Q: What is the temperature at which the sulfonation and neutralization reaction stages operate?
A: The sulfonation and neutralization reaction stages operate at 55 ° C for one hour.
Q: What is the total factory area of the factory that produces Labs?
A: The total factory area of the factory that produces Labs is 4,900 m².
Q: Where is the factory planned to be established?
A: The factory is planned to be established in Sunggal District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province.
Q: What is the number of employees planned for the factory?
A: The number of employees planned for the factory is 123 people.
Q: What is the capital investment required for the factory?
A: The capital investment required for the factory is IDR 90.502.363.451.
Q: What is the total cost of the factory?
A: The total cost of the factory is IDR 49,733,566,945.
Q: What is the profit margin of the factory?
A: The profit margin of the factory is 43.41%.
Q: What is the break-even point of the factory?
A: The break-even point of the factory is 42.11%.
Q: What is the return on investment (ROI) of the factory?
A: The return on investment (ROI) of the factory is 30.81%.
Q: What is the pay-out time of the factory?
A: The pay-out time of the factory is 3 years 2 months.
Q: What is the return on equity (ROE) of the factory?
A: The return on equity (ROE) of the factory is 51.35%.
Q: What is the internal rate of return (IRR) of the factory?
A: The internal rate of return (IRR) of the factory is 26.42%.
Q: What are the limitations of the study?
A: The study has several limitations, including the focus on the design of the factory and the process of producing Labs, the lack of consideration of the environmental impact of the factory, and the lack of consideration of the social impact of the factory on the local community.
Q: What are the future research directions?
A: The study suggests the following future research directions: conducting a detailed environmental impact assessment of the factory, conducting a detailed social impact assessment of the factory on the local community, conducting a cost-benefit analysis of the factory, and conducting a sensitivity analysis of the factory.