Making A Permanent Magnetic Barium Hexaferit With The Substitution Of Mn And IT Ions In Fe Ions As Material Absorbing Micro Waves

Introduction

The development of permanent magnets has been a significant area of research in recent years, with a focus on creating materials that can absorb microwaves. One such material is barium hexaferit, a compound that has been shown to have excellent magnetic properties. In this study, we explore the possibility of creating a permanent magnet based on barium hexaferit by substituting manganese and titanium ions for iron ions. This study aims to investigate the effects of doping concentrations and process parameters on the magnetic properties of the material.

Research Methodology

In this study, several important parameters were observed, including porosity, density, density flux, and hysteric curve. Microstructure analysis was carried out using the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) device, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and µXRF. In addition, the material absorption test was carried out using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) to assess the magnetic ability of the material to microwaves.

The observations show that the optimal calcination and synthesis temperature is at 1000 °C and 1100 °C. Through the process of doping Mn and Ti ions as a substitute for some Fe ions, a single structure of Bafe12o19 is formed with a parameter of the lattice a = b = 5,892 Å, c = 23,183 Å, and volume 696.404 ų. The morphology of the particle produced is relatively homogeneous with the shape of the stem and particle size below 2 μm.

Magnetic Material Characteristics

Magnetic material Bafe (12-2x) Mnxtixo19 shows impressive physical properties. Bulk density varies between 3.66 - 4.18 g/cm³ with very low porosity, less than 0.2%. Magnetic density flux fluctuates between 36.7 to 488 Gauss, with a remnant value (BR) of less than 1.25 kgauss, and coercive (HC) under 1 KOE, and the maximum energy value (BHMAX) is less than 0.7 mgoe. This shows that the material produced has good density and strong magnetic properties.

Micro Wave Response

Bafe magnet (12-2x) Mnxtixo19 that has been produced shows the permeability value that allows a good response to the frequency of microwaves, especially at a concentration of 0.6% moles of MN-TI ions. In the frequency range of around 4.3 - 4.33 GHz and 8.85 GHz, this material shows excellent performance. In addition, the value of this material permittivity is also responsive in the frequency range of 5 - 5.05 GHz, 5.92 - 5.95 GHz, 8.7 GHz, and 9.94 GHz.

Analysis of Reflection Loss (RL) shows that the best composition of MN -TI ion doping can reach RL of -25.6 dB, -22.2 dB, and -23.2 dB at a frequency of 7.9 GHz and 9.1 GHz. This material is able to absorb more than 90% of microwaves in several frequency ranges, such as 4.75 - 4.96 GHz, 5.77 - 5.80 GHz, 8.02 - 8.05 GHz, and 9.07 - 9.13 GHz.

Conclusion

Making a permanent Bafe magnet (12-2x) MNXTIXO19 shows promising prospects in the development of microwave absorber materials. With the adjustment of doping concentrations and process parameters, this material not only has a strong magnetic property but also a good ability to respond to microwaves, making it suitable for applications in various fields, including telecommunications and material technology. Further research can be carried out to explore the potential for application and further modification to improve the performance of this material.

Future Directions

The development of permanent magnets based on barium hexaferit with the substitution of Mn and Ti ions has shown promising results. However, there are several areas that require further research. These include:

• Optimization of doping concentrations: The optimal doping concentration for the material is still unknown and requires further investigation.
• Process parameter optimization: The synthesis temperature and time require optimization to achieve the best possible properties.
• Material characterization: Further characterization of the material is required to understand its properties and behavior.
• Application development: The development of applications for this material requires further research and development.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the development of permanent magnets based on barium hexaferit with the substitution of Mn and Ti ions has shown promising results. With further research and development, this material has the potential to be used in a wide range of applications, including telecommunications and material technology.

Q: What is barium hexaferit?

A: Barium hexaferit is a compound that has been shown to have excellent magnetic properties. It is a type of ferrite that is composed of barium, iron, and oxygen.

Q: What is the purpose of substituting Mn and Ti ions for Fe ions in barium hexaferit?

A: The purpose of substituting Mn and Ti ions for Fe ions in barium hexaferit is to improve its magnetic properties and to create a material that can absorb microwaves.

Q: What are the benefits of using barium hexaferit with substituted Mn and Ti ions?

A: The benefits of using barium hexaferit with substituted Mn and Ti ions include its strong magnetic properties, good density, and ability to respond to microwaves.

Q: How is the material synthesized?

A: The material is synthesized through a solid-state reaction method using barium carbonate, hematite, manganese oxide, and titanium dioxide as raw materials.

Q: What are the optimal calcination and synthesis temperatures for the material?

A: The optimal calcination and synthesis temperatures for the material are 1000 °C and 1100 °C, respectively.

Q: What are the physical properties of the material?

A: The physical properties of the material include bulk density, porosity, density flux, and hysteric curve.

Q: How does the material respond to microwaves?

A: The material shows excellent performance in responding to microwaves, especially at a concentration of 0.6% moles of MN-TI ions.

Q: What is the reflection loss (RL) of the material?

A: The reflection loss (RL) of the material is -25.6 dB, -22.2 dB, and -23.2 dB at a frequency of 7.9 GHz and 9.1 GHz.

Q: What are the potential applications of the material?

A: The potential applications of the material include telecommunications and material technology.

Q: What are the future directions for research and development?

A: The future directions for research and development include optimization of doping concentrations, process parameter optimization, material characterization, and application development.

Q: Is the material suitable for commercial use?

A: The material has shown promising results and has the potential to be used in commercial applications, but further research and development are required to confirm its suitability.

Q: Can the material be used in other fields besides telecommunications and material technology?

A: Yes, the material can be used in other fields besides telecommunications and material technology, such as aerospace, automotive, and medical applications.

Q: How can I obtain more information about the material?

A: You can obtain more information about the material by contacting the researchers or institutions involved in the study.