Irrigation Effects Of Chitosan Molecular High Nanoparticles 0.2% On The Strength Of The Bonding Of Resin Cement Adhesion In Peg Restoration (in Vitro Research)

Feb 27, 2025 by ADMIN 160 views

**Irrigation Effects of Chitosan High Molecular Nanoparticles 0.2% on the Strength of the Bonding of Cement Resin Adhesion in Peg Restoration**

Introduction

In the world of dentistry, the success of endodontic treatment is strongly influenced by fiber peg retention that depends on adhesive interactions and good adaptation between resin and root channel dentin. One of the challenges that is often faced is the occurrence of debonding, which is often caused by cleansing smear layers that are less than optimal. To overcome this problem, recent research has explored the use of high molecular chitosan nanoparticles as an alternative irrigation material that is able to lift the smear layer and increase the strength of the adhesion bonds between fiber pegs and cement resin.

Background

Chitosan, a polysaccharide derived from chitin, has been widely used in various biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. In dentistry, chitosan has been used as an irrigation material to clean the root canal and remove the smear layer, which is a layer of debris that forms on the surface of the root canal. The smear layer can interfere with the adhesion of the resin cement to the root canal, leading to debonding and failure of the peg restoration.

Objectives

This study aims to analyze the effect and difference in the use of a 0.2% high molecular molecular chitosan on the strength of the bond of the cement resin adhesion in the peg restoration. In addition, this research also examines differences in the type of attachment failure that occurs in the use of different irrigation materials.

Materials and Methods

The endodontic maintenance process was carried out on 24 mandibular premolar, which is then divided into four treatment groups. These groups consist of:

Group I: Irrigation uses a height molecular chitosan of 0.2% nanoparticles.
Group II: Combination of hypochlorite sodium (NaOCl) 2.5% with a high molecular chitosan nanoparticles 0.2%.
Group III: Combination of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 5.25% with high molecular chitosan nanoparticles 0.2%.
Group IV: a combination of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 2.5% with EDTA 17%.

After the treatment, the final restoration is carried out using the Glass Fiber Prefabrication peg and each sample is cut into three parts transversally. The bond strength test was carried out using the Universal Testing Machine, while observations of the type of attachment failure were carried out through stereomicroscope. The research data were analyzed using the One Way Anova, LSD, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

Results

The results showed a significant difference (p <0.05) in the strength of the cement resin adhesion bond between all treatment groups, except between groups I and II. On the other hand, the Kruskal-Wallis test indicates the absence of a significant difference (P> 0.05) in the type of attachment failure. This leads to the conclusion that the use of molecular chitosan of 0.2% nanoparticles as irrigation material, both combined with NaOCl or not, has a positive influence on the strength of the bonding of cement resin adhesion in peg restoration. However, the use of different irrigation materials does not show differences in the type of attachment failure.

Discussion

This analysis illustrates the potential of chitosan as a promising alternative in the practice of dentistry. Chitosan high molecules nanoparticles are not only effective in cleaning the smear layer, but can also increase the adhesion between fiber pegs and cement resin. Thus, the use of chitosan can be a solution to increase the success of endodontic care and minimize the risk of failure of peg restoration.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of chitosan high molecular nanoparticles as an irrigation material in improving the strength of the bonding of cement resin adhesion in peg restoration. The use of chitosan can be a promising alternative to traditional irrigation materials, such as sodium hypochlorite and EDTA. Further research may be needed to optimize the formulation of chitosan and explore its applications in various clinical conditions.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations can be made:

The use of chitosan high molecular nanoparticles as an irrigation material in endodontic treatment can improve the strength of the bonding of cement resin adhesion in peg restoration.
The combination of chitosan with sodium hypochlorite or EDTA may not show significant differences in the type of attachment failure.
Further research is needed to optimize the formulation of chitosan and explore its applications in various clinical conditions.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

The sample size was limited to 24 mandibular premolar.
The study only examined the effect of chitosan on the strength of the bonding of cement resin adhesion in peg restoration.
The study did not examine the effect of chitosan on other types of attachment failure.

Future Directions

Future studies can build on the findings of this study by:

Examining the effect of chitosan on other types of attachment failure.
Investigating the optimal concentration and formulation of chitosan for use in endodontic treatment.
Exploring the applications of chitosan in various clinical conditions.

Conclusion

Q: What is chitosan and how is it used in dentistry?

A: Chitosan is a polysaccharide derived from chitin, a biodegradable and non-toxic material that has been widely used in various biomedical applications, including dentistry. In dentistry, chitosan is used as an irrigation material to clean the root canal and remove the smear layer, which can interfere with the adhesion of the resin cement to the root canal.

Q: What is the purpose of this study?

A: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect and difference in the use of a 0.2% high molecular molecular chitosan on the strength of the bond of the cement resin adhesion in the peg restoration. In addition, this research also examines differences in the type of attachment failure that occurs in the use of different irrigation materials.

Q: What are the different treatment groups used in this study?

A: The study used four treatment groups:

Group I: Irrigation uses a height molecular chitosan of 0.2% nanoparticles.
Group II: Combination of hypochlorite sodium (NaOCl) 2.5% with a high molecular chitosan nanoparticles 0.2%.
Group III: Combination of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 5.25% with high molecular chitosan nanoparticles 0.2%.
Group IV: a combination of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 2.5% with EDTA 17%.

Q: What is the bond strength test used in this study?

A: The bond strength test was carried out using the Universal Testing Machine, which measures the force required to break the bond between the resin cement and the root canal.

Q: What are the results of this study?

A: The results showed a significant difference (p <0.05) in the strength of the cement resin adhesion bond between all treatment groups, except between groups I and II. On the other hand, the Kruskal-Wallis test indicates the absence of a significant difference (P> 0.05) in the type of attachment failure.

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of chitosan high molecular nanoparticles as an irrigation material in improving the strength of the bonding of cement resin adhesion in peg restoration. The use of chitosan can be a promising alternative to traditional irrigation materials, such as sodium hypochlorite and EDTA.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

The sample size was limited to 24 mandibular premolar.
The study only examined the effect of chitosan on the strength of the bonding of cement resin adhesion in peg restoration.
The study did not examine the effect of chitosan on other types of attachment failure.

Q: What are the future directions of this study?

A: Future studies can build on the findings of this study by:

Examining the effect of chitosan on other types of attachment failure.
Investigating the optimal concentration and formulation of chitosan for use in endodontic treatment.
Exploring the applications of chitosan in various clinical conditions.

Q: What are the potential applications of chitosan in dentistry?

A: Chitosan has the potential to be used as an irrigation material in various dental procedures, including root canal treatment, periodontal treatment, and implant placement. It may also be used as a coating material for dental implants and prosthetics.

Q: What are the benefits of using chitosan in dentistry?

A: The benefits of using chitosan in dentistry include:

Improved bonding between the resin cement and the root canal.
Reduced risk of attachment failure.
Non-toxic and biodegradable material.
Potential to be used in various dental procedures.

Q: What are the potential risks of using chitosan in dentistry?

A: The potential risks of using chitosan in dentistry include:

Unknown long-term effects.
Potential for allergic reactions.
Potential for interactions with other dental materials.

Q: What are the future research directions for chitosan in dentistry?

A: Future research directions for chitosan in dentistry include:

Investigating the optimal concentration and formulation of chitosan for use in endodontic treatment.
Exploring the applications of chitosan in various clinical conditions.
Investigating the potential risks and benefits of using chitosan in dentistry.