Immunomodulator Effects Test Combination Combination Ethanol Extract Rhizome Mango Mango (Curcuma Mango Valeton & V.Zijp) And Herba Puguntano (Picria Fel-Terrae Lour.) To The Response Of Slow Type Hypersensitivity In Male Mice

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Background

A strong immune system is crucial in fighting infections and diseases. Immunomodulators are compounds that can help improve the function of the body's immune system. Mango Gathering (Curcuma mango) and Puguntano (Picria Fel-Terrae) are two plants known to have immunomodulator properties. The content of flavonoids in these two plants is thought to play an important role in increasing immune responses. Flavonoids are a class of plant compounds that have been shown to have various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Objective

This study aims to test the immunomodulator effect of the combination of ethanol extract of Mango Gathering (EETM) and Puguntano Herbs (EEHP) in male mice. The study aims to investigate the potential of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators and to explore their effects on the immune system.

Method

This research uses the slow type hypersensitivity method (DTH) to assess the immunomodulator effect. As many as 6 groups of male mice were tested, namely the negative control group (CMC Na 0.5%), positive control (Levamisol 25 mg/kg BW), and 4 EETM and EEHP combination treatment groups at a dose of 25 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 200 mg/kg BW. The treatment is given orally for 14 days. On the 4th day, all mice were injected with intraperitonial staphylococcus bacteria. On the 14th day, mice are re-injected with intraplantar staphylococcus bacteria, and the volume of the rat foot is measured as the initial volume (V0). After 24 hours, the volume of foot is measured again as the final volume (VT) using a digital pleticmometer. Data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA test and Tukey Post Hoc Test.

Results

The results showed that the combination of EETM and EEHP at a dose of 25 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 200 mg/kg BW can increase the DTH response in male mice. This can be seen from the greater volume of foot swelling in the treatment group compared to the negative control group (CMC Na 0.5%). The difference is statistically significant (p <0.05). In EETM and EEHP groups with a dose of 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW, DTH response does not significantly different from the positive control group (Levamisol 25 mg/kg BW) (P> 0.05). The best DTH response is shown at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW.

Conclusion

Combination of Ethanol Extract Rhizome Mango and Herba Puguntano (EETM and EEHP) at a dose of 25 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 200 mg/kg BW (1:1:1:1) able to increase the response of slow type hypersensitivity in male mice. This study shows the potential of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators and opens opportunities for the development of safe and effective herbal medicines to improve the immune system.

Additional Analysis and Explanation

This study provides scientific evidence of the potential combination of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators. The results showed that the two extracts could increase the DTH response, which is an important indicator of cellular immune function. This is allegedly related to the content of flavonoids in the two plants that have been known to have immunomodulator activity. Flavonoids can work by increasing cytokine production, which is an important signal molecule in the immune system. Cytokines help regulate immune responses, including immune cell activation, cell proliferation, and antibody production.

Recommendation

  • Further research is needed to identify active compounds in EETM and EEHP responsible for immunomodulator activities.
  • Research also needs to be done to evaluate the effects of combinations of EETM and EEHP on the Autoimmune and Infection Disease Model.
  • Clinical studies are needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the combination of EETM and EEHP in humans.

Keywords

  • Immunomodulator
  • Mango Gathering
  • Puguntano
  • Slow type hypersensitivity
  • Male mice
  • Flavonoids

Future Directions

This study opens up new avenues for the development of herbal medicines that can improve the immune system. Further research is needed to explore the potential of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators and to identify the active compounds responsible for their immunomodulator activities. Additionally, research is needed to evaluate the effects of combinations of EETM and EEHP on the Autoimmune and Infection Disease Model. Clinical studies are also needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the combination of EETM and EEHP in humans.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides scientific evidence of the potential combination of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators. The results showed that the two extracts could increase the DTH response, which is an important indicator of cellular immune function. This study opens opportunities for the development of safe and effective herbal medicines to improve the immune system. Further research is needed to explore the potential of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators and to identify the active compounds responsible for their immunomodulator activities.

Q: What is the purpose of this study?

A: The purpose of this study is to test the immunomodulator effect of the combination of ethanol extract of Mango Gathering (EETM) and Puguntano Herbs (EEHP) in male mice. The study aims to investigate the potential of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators and to explore their effects on the immune system.

Q: What is the method used in this study?

A: This research uses the slow type hypersensitivity method (DTH) to assess the immunomodulator effect. As many as 6 groups of male mice were tested, namely the negative control group (CMC Na 0.5%), positive control (Levamisol 25 mg/kg BW), and 4 EETM and EEHP combination treatment groups at a dose of 25 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 200 mg/kg BW. The treatment is given orally for 14 days.

Q: What are the results of this study?

A: The results showed that the combination of EETM and EEHP at a dose of 25 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 200 mg/kg BW can increase the DTH response in male mice. This can be seen from the greater volume of foot swelling in the treatment group compared to the negative control group (CMC Na 0.5%). The difference is statistically significant (p <0.05).

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: This study shows the potential of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators and opens opportunities for the development of safe and effective herbal medicines to improve the immune system. Further research is needed to explore the potential of EETM and EEHP as immunomodulators and to identify the active compounds responsible for their immunomodulator activities.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations. The study was conducted in male mice, and the results may not be applicable to other species. Additionally, the study only investigated the immunomodulator effect of EETM and EEHP in a specific disease model, and further research is needed to evaluate their effects in other disease models.

Q: What are the future directions of this research?

A: Further research is needed to identify active compounds in EETM and EEHP responsible for immunomodulator activities. Research also needs to be done to evaluate the effects of combinations of EETM and EEHP on the Autoimmune and Infection Disease Model. Clinical studies are also needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the combination of EETM and EEHP in humans.

Q: What are the potential applications of this research?

A: This research has the potential to lead to the development of safe and effective herbal medicines to improve the immune system. The combination of EETM and EEHP may be used to treat various diseases, including autoimmune and infectious diseases.

Q: What are the potential risks of this research?

A: As with any new treatment, there may be potential risks associated with the use of EETM and EEHP. Further research is needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the combination of EETM and EEHP in humans.

Q: What are the next steps in this research?

A: The next steps in this research will be to conduct further studies to evaluate the effects of EETM and EEHP in other disease models and to identify the active compounds responsible for their immunomodulator activities. Clinical studies will also be conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the combination of EETM and EEHP in humans.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this research?

A: This research has the potential to lead to the development of safe and effective herbal medicines to improve the immune system. The combination of EETM and EEHP may be used to treat various diseases, including autoimmune and infectious diseases.