Identify The Solute And Solvent In Each Solution:a. 6 ML Of Ethanol And 35 ML Of Waterb. 300 G Of Water Containing 8 G Of $NaHCO _3$c. 0.005 L Of $CO _2$ And 2 L Of \$O _2$[/tex\]

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In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. It is essential to identify the solute and solvent in a solution to understand its properties and behavior. In this article, we will discuss how to identify the solute and solvent in each of the given solutions.

Solution a: Ethanol and Water

Description of the Solution

The first solution consists of 6 mL of ethanol and 35 mL of water. To identify the solute and solvent, we need to consider the properties of the two substances.

  • Ethanol (C2H5OH): Ethanol is a polar solvent with a high boiling point (78.3°C) and a relatively low density (0.789 g/mL).
  • Water (H2O): Water is also a polar solvent with a high boiling point (100°C) and a relatively high density (1 g/mL).

Identifying Solute and Solvent

Based on the properties of the two substances, we can conclude that:

  • Water (H2O) is the solvent, as it is the larger component (35 mL) and has a higher density.
  • Ethanol (C2H5OH) is the solute, as it is the smaller component (6 mL) and has a lower density.

Solution b: Water and NaHCO3

Description of the Solution

The second solution consists of 300 g of water containing 8 g of NaHCO3. To identify the solute and solvent, we need to consider the properties of the two substances.

  • Water (H2O): Water is a polar solvent with a high boiling point (100°C) and a relatively high density (1 g/mL).
  • NaHCO3 (Sodium Bicarbonate): NaHCO3 is a polar solid with a relatively low melting point (50.5°C) and a relatively low density (2.2 g/mL).

Identifying Solute and Solvent

Based on the properties of the two substances, we can conclude that:

  • Water (H2O) is the solvent, as it is the larger component (300 g) and has a higher density.
  • NaHCO3 (Sodium Bicarbonate) is the solute, as it is the smaller component (8 g) and has a lower density.

Solution c: CO2 and O2

Description of the Solution

The third solution consists of 0.005 L of CO2 and 2 L of O2. To identify the solute and solvent, we need to consider the properties of the two substances.

  • CO2 (Carbon Dioxide): CO2 is a non-polar gas with a relatively low boiling point (-56.6°C) and a relatively low density (1.96 g/L).
  • O2 (Oxygen): O2 is a non-polar gas with a relatively low boiling point (-182.96°C) and a relatively low density (1.33 g/L).

Identifying Solute and Solvent

Based on the properties of the two substances, we can conclude that:

  • O2 (Oxygen) is the solvent, as it is the larger component (2 L) and has a higher density.
  • CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) is the solute, as it is the smaller component (0.005 L) and has a lower density.

Conclusion

In conclusion, identifying the solute and solvent in a solution is crucial to understand its properties and behavior. By considering the properties of the two substances, we can determine which one is the solvent and which one is the solute. In the three solutions discussed above, water is the solvent in solutions a and b, while oxygen is the solvent in solution c. Ethanol, NaHCO3, and CO2 are the solutes in solutions a, b, and c, respectively.

Key Takeaways

  • The solvent is the larger component in a solution and has a higher density.
  • The solute is the smaller component in a solution and has a lower density.
  • Identifying the solute and solvent is crucial to understand the properties and behavior of a solution.

References

  • Atkins, P. W., & De Paula, J. (2010). Physical chemistry (9th ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Chang, R. (2010). Chemistry: The central science (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
  • Petrucci, R. H., Harwood, W. S., & Herring, F. G. (2006). General chemistry: Principles and modern applications (9th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
    Solute and Solvent Q&A ==========================

In the previous article, we discussed how to identify the solute and solvent in solutions. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions about solutes and solvents.

Q: What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?

A: A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, while a solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute. In other words, the solvent is the larger component in a solution, and the solute is the smaller component.

Q: How do I determine which substance is the solute and which is the solvent?

A: To determine which substance is the solute and which is the solvent, you need to consider the properties of the two substances. The solvent is usually the larger component in a solution and has a higher density. The solute is usually the smaller component in a solution and has a lower density.

Q: Can a substance be both a solute and a solvent?

A: Yes, a substance can be both a solute and a solvent. For example, water can be a solvent in a solution of sugar and water, but it can also be a solute in a solution of water and salt.

Q: What is the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous solution?

A: A homogeneous solution is a solution in which the solute is evenly distributed throughout the solvent. A heterogeneous solution is a solution in which the solute is not evenly distributed throughout the solvent. In a heterogeneous solution, the solute and solvent can be seen as separate phases.

Q: Can a solution have more than one solute?

A: Yes, a solution can have more than one solute. For example, a solution of sugar and salt in water is a solution with two solutes.

Q: What is the importance of identifying the solute and solvent in a solution?

A: Identifying the solute and solvent in a solution is crucial to understand its properties and behavior. The solute and solvent can affect the physical and chemical properties of a solution, such as its boiling point, freezing point, and solubility.

Q: How do I prepare a solution with a specific concentration of solute?

A: To prepare a solution with a specific concentration of solute, you need to know the molar mass of the solute and the volume of the solvent. You can use a formula to calculate the amount of solute needed to achieve the desired concentration.

Q: What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated solution?

A: A saturated solution is a solution in which the solute is at its maximum concentration. An unsaturated solution is a solution in which the solute is not at its maximum concentration. In an unsaturated solution, more solute can be added to increase the concentration.

Q: Can a solution be supersaturated?

A: Yes, a solution can be supersaturated. A supersaturated solution is a solution in which the solute is at a concentration higher than its maximum concentration. A supersaturated solution is unstable and can precipitate the solute when it is disturbed.

Conclusion

In conclusion, identifying the solute and solvent in a solution is crucial to understand its properties and behavior. By considering the properties of the two substances, we can determine which one is the solvent and which one is the solute. In this article, we answered some frequently asked questions about solutes and solvents.

Key Takeaways

  • The solvent is the larger component in a solution and has a higher density.
  • The solute is the smaller component in a solution and has a lower density.
  • A substance can be both a solute and a solvent.
  • A solution can have more than one solute.
  • Identifying the solute and solvent is crucial to understand the properties and behavior of a solution.

References

  • Atkins, P. W., & De Paula, J. (2010). Physical chemistry (9th ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Chang, R. (2010). Chemistry: The central science (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
  • Petrucci, R. H., Harwood, W. S., & Herring, F. G. (2006). General chemistry: Principles and modern applications (9th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.