(i) Calculate The Total Volume Of Blood Filtered In 24 Hours. Show Your Working. 2 If The Total Volume Of Urine Produced In 24 Hours Is $1.7 , \text{dm}^3$, Calculate The Percentage Volume Of The Filtered Blood Excreted As Urine In
Introduction
The human body is a complex system that involves the continuous exchange of fluids and substances between the bloodstream and other bodily tissues. One of the key processes that occur in the body is the filtration of blood by the kidneys, which results in the production of urine. In this article, we will explore the calculation of the total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours and the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine.
Calculating the Total Volume of Blood Filtered
The total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours can be calculated using the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which is the rate at which the kidneys filter the blood. The GFR is typically measured in milliliters per minute (mL/min) and is approximately 1800 mL/min in a healthy adult.
To calculate the total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours, we can multiply the GFR by the number of minutes in a day:
GFR (mL/min) x 24 hours x 60 minutes/hour
Using the GFR value of 1800 mL/min, we can plug in the numbers:
1800 mL/min x 24 hours x 60 minutes/hour
= 1800 x 1440
= 2,592,000 mL
= 2592 L
Therefore, the total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours is approximately 2592 liters.
Calculating the Percentage Volume of Filtered Blood Excreted as Urine
Now that we have calculated the total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours, we can calculate the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine. To do this, we need to know the total volume of urine produced in 24 hours, which is given as 1.7 dm^3.
First, we need to convert the volume of urine from cubic decimeters (dm^3) to liters (L):
1 dm^3 = 1 L
Therefore, the volume of urine produced in 24 hours is:
1.7 dm^3 = 1.7 L
Next, we can calculate the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine by dividing the volume of urine by the total volume of blood filtered and multiplying by 100:
Percentage volume = (Volume of urine / Total volume of blood filtered) x 100
= (1.7 L / 2592 L) x 100
= 0.065%
Therefore, the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine is approximately 0.065%.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours is approximately 2592 liters, and the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine is approximately 0.065%. This calculation provides a useful insight into the efficiency of the kidney's filtration process and the amount of waste products that are removed from the body through urine production.
Discussion
The calculation of the total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours and the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine is an important aspect of understanding the kidney's function. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the body's homeostasis by regulating the balance of fluids, electrolytes, and waste products.
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a key parameter that determines the rate at which the kidneys filter the blood. A normal GFR value indicates that the kidneys are functioning properly, while a low GFR value may indicate kidney disease or damage.
The percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine is an important indicator of kidney function. A high percentage value may indicate that the kidneys are not functioning properly, while a low percentage value may indicate that the kidneys are functioning efficiently.
References
- Guyton, A. C., & Hall, J. E. (2016). Textbook of medical physiology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.
- Berne, R. M., & Levy, M. N. (2018). Cardiovascular physiology. St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
- Hall, J. E. (2016). Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.
Glossary
- Glomerular filtration rate (GFR): The rate at which the kidneys filter the blood.
- Kidneys: The organs that filter the blood and produce urine.
- Urine: The waste product that is produced by the kidneys and excreted from the body.
- Homeostasis: The balance of fluids, electrolytes, and waste products in the body.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) =====================================
Q: What is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
A: The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the rate at which the kidneys filter the blood. It is typically measured in milliliters per minute (mL/min) and is approximately 1800 mL/min in a healthy adult.
Q: Why is the GFR important?
A: The GFR is an important indicator of kidney function. A normal GFR value indicates that the kidneys are functioning properly, while a low GFR value may indicate kidney disease or damage.
Q: How is the total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours calculated?
A: The total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours can be calculated by multiplying the GFR by the number of minutes in a day. This can be expressed as:
GFR (mL/min) x 24 hours x 60 minutes/hour
Q: What is the total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours?
A: The total volume of blood filtered in 24 hours is approximately 2592 liters.
Q: How is the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine calculated?
A: The percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine can be calculated by dividing the volume of urine by the total volume of blood filtered and multiplying by 100. This can be expressed as:
Percentage volume = (Volume of urine / Total volume of blood filtered) x 100
Q: What is the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine?
A: The percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine is approximately 0.065%.
Q: What is the significance of the percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine?
A: The percentage volume of the filtered blood excreted as urine is an important indicator of kidney function. A high percentage value may indicate that the kidneys are not functioning properly, while a low percentage value may indicate that the kidneys are functioning efficiently.
Q: What are some common causes of kidney disease or damage?
A: Some common causes of kidney disease or damage include:
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Obesity
- Family history of kidney disease
- Certain medications
- Infections
Q: How can kidney disease or damage be prevented or treated?
A: Kidney disease or damage can be prevented or treated through a combination of lifestyle changes and medical interventions. Some strategies for preventing or treating kidney disease or damage include:
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Exercising regularly
- Eating a balanced diet
- Managing blood pressure and blood sugar levels
- Avoiding certain medications
- Getting regular check-ups with a healthcare provider
Q: What are some signs or symptoms of kidney disease or damage?
A: Some common signs or symptoms of kidney disease or damage include:
- Blood in the urine
- Protein in the urine
- Swelling in the legs or feet
- Fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting
- Loss of appetite
Q: What should I do if I suspect I have kidney disease or damage?
A: If you suspect you have kidney disease or damage, you should consult with a healthcare provider as soon as possible. They can perform tests to determine the extent of any kidney damage and recommend treatment options.