Growth And Production Of Several Okra Varieties (Abelmoschus Esculantus L. Moench) To The Administration Of Various Types Of Organic Fertilizer

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Growth and Production of Several Okra Varieties (Abelmoschus esculantus L. Moench) to the Administration of Various Types of Organic Fertilizer

Introduction

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is a popular vegetable crop that is widely cultivated in many parts of the world. It is a heat-loving crop that requires well-drained soil and full sun to grow. Okra is a good source of nutrients, including protein, fiber, and vitamins. However, its growth and production can be affected by various factors, including the type of fertilizer used. This study aims to determine the growth and production of several okra varieties given various types of organic fertilizer.

Background

Okra is a tropical crop that is sensitive to temperature and moisture. It requires a warm and humid climate to grow, with temperatures ranging from 20-30°C. Okra is a good crop for small-scale farmers, as it can be grown in a variety of soil types and can be harvested in as little as 60 days. However, okra is a crop that is often affected by pests and diseases, which can reduce its yield and quality.

Methodology

This study was conducted on the Agricultural Land of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra (USU) at an altitude of about 25 m above sea level. The study was conducted from July to October 2017, which is the peak season for okra production in the region. The method used was a factorial random design (rack) with two factors tested and three times repetition.

The first factor is the okra variety, which includes three types: Garibar, Red Burgundy, and Naila IPB. The second factor is the type of organic fertilizer that is applied, consisting of four treatments: without organic fertilizer (top soil), kascing fertilizer with a dose of 100g/10kg soil, chicken manure with a dose of 100g/10kg soil, and TKKS fertilizer also at a dose of 100g/10kg land.

Parameters Observed

The parameters observed in this study include:

  • Plant height
  • Number of leaves
  • Stem diameter
  • Flowering age
  • Number of fruit per plant
  • Fruit length
  • Fruit diameter
  • Fresh fruit weight per plant
  • Wet wet weight
  • Wet root weight
  • Dry weight
  • Weight dry root

Results and Discussion

The results showed that the Naila IPB varieties showed a significant difference in plant height parameters, number of leaves, stem diameter, and wet and dry weight of the canopy and roots when compared to variable varieties and red burgundy. This indicates that the Naila IPB varieties have good growth potential if given appropriate maintenance.

The provision of chicken manure is proven to increase all observed growth parameters. Chicken manure has a high nutritional content and can improve soil structure and increase water retention capacity, which has a positive impact on okra growth. The use of chicken manure increases plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and wet and dry weight of the canopy and roots.

In addition, the interaction between Naila IPB varieties and chicken manure gives the best results in increasing plant height, wet and dry weights, length and diameter of fruit, as well as fruit weight per plant. This shows that the right combination of varieties and types of organic fertilizer can maximize okra agricultural products.

Conclusion

Overall, this study shows that the variety of Naila IPB and the use of chicken manure can significantly increase growth and production of okra. This finding provides important information for farmers and researchers in choosing the right organic varieties and fertilizer to improve okra crop yields. With the right selection, it is expected that the productivity of okra plants can increase, provide economic benefits for farmers and meet market needs.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • The use of chicken manure as an organic fertilizer can increase the growth and production of okra.
  • The variety of Naila IPB is a good choice for okra production, as it has good growth potential and can be used in combination with chicken manure.
  • Farmers and researchers should consider the use of organic fertilizers and the selection of superior varieties to improve okra crop yields.
  • Further research is needed to explore the effects of other types of organic fertilizers on okra growth and production.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

  • The study was conducted in a single location, which may not be representative of other regions.
  • The study only used three types of okra varieties, which may not be representative of all okra varieties.
  • The study only used four types of organic fertilizers, which may not be representative of all types of organic fertilizers.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on:

  • Exploring the effects of other types of organic fertilizers on okra growth and production.
  • Investigating the effects of different okra varieties on growth and production.
  • Conducting studies in different regions to determine the effects of climate and soil type on okra growth and production.

References

  • [List of references cited in the study]

Appendix

  • [Appendix materials, including tables, figures, and additional data]
    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Okra Production and Organic Fertilizers

Q: What is okra and why is it an important crop?

A: Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is a popular vegetable crop that is widely cultivated in many parts of the world. It is a heat-loving crop that requires well-drained soil and full sun to grow. Okra is a good source of nutrients, including protein, fiber, and vitamins. It is an important crop because it is a good source of income for farmers and can be used to improve food security.

Q: What are the benefits of using organic fertilizers in okra production?

A: Organic fertilizers have several benefits, including:

  • Improving soil structure and fertility
  • Increasing water retention capacity
  • Reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers
  • Promoting healthy plant growth and development
  • Increasing crop yields and quality

Q: What are some common types of organic fertilizers used in okra production?

A: Some common types of organic fertilizers used in okra production include:

  • Chicken manure
  • Kascing fertilizer
  • TKKS fertilizer
  • Compost
  • Manure tea

Q: How do I choose the right okra variety for my farm?

A: When choosing an okra variety, consider the following factors:

  • Climate and soil type
  • Market demand
  • Disease and pest resistance
  • Growth habit and maturity period
  • Yield potential

Q: What are some common pests and diseases that affect okra crops?

A: Some common pests and diseases that affect okra crops include:

  • Aphids
  • Whiteflies
  • Thrips
  • Spider mites
  • Root rot
  • Leaf spot

Q: How can I control pests and diseases in my okra crop?

A: To control pests and diseases in your okra crop, consider the following methods:

  • Crop rotation
  • Sanitation and hygiene
  • Biological control
  • Cultural control
  • Chemical control

Q: What are some tips for improving okra yields and quality?

A: To improve okra yields and quality, consider the following tips:

  • Provide adequate water and nutrients
  • Maintain good soil health
  • Control pests and diseases
  • Use proper planting and harvesting techniques
  • Monitor and adjust for climate and weather conditions

Q: How can I market and sell my okra crop?

A: To market and sell your okra crop, consider the following options:

  • Sell to local markets and restaurants
  • Participate in farmers' markets and trade shows
  • Use social media and online platforms to promote your crop
  • Develop relationships with buyers and distributors
  • Consider value-added products, such as pickled or frozen okra.

Q: What are some resources available for farmers and researchers interested in okra production and organic fertilizers?

A: Some resources available for farmers and researchers interested in okra production and organic fertilizers include:

  • University extension services
  • Research institutions and organizations
  • Online forums and communities
  • Government agencies and programs
  • Private companies and consultants.

Q: What are some future research directions for okra production and organic fertilizers?

A: Some future research directions for okra production and organic fertilizers include:

  • Exploring the effects of different types of organic fertilizers on okra growth and production
  • Investigating the effects of climate change on okra production and yields
  • Developing new and improved okra varieties with desirable traits
  • Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of organic fertilizer application methods.