Fill In The Missing Chemical Formulae In The Tables Below.$\[ \begin{tabular}{|c|c|} \hline \text{Acid} & \text{Conjugate Base} \\ \hline \text{HCl} & \square \\ \hline \text{NH}_4^+ & \square \\ \hline \text{H}_2\text{O} & \square

Introduction

Chemistry is a vast and fascinating field that deals with the study of the composition, properties, and reactions of matter. One of the fundamental concepts in chemistry is acid-base chemistry, which involves the interaction between acids and bases. In this article, we will focus on filling in the missing chemical formulae in the tables below, which involve acid-base pairs.

Table 1: Acid-Base Pairs

Filling in the Missing Formulae

To fill in the missing formulae, we need to understand the concept of acid-base pairs. An acid-base pair consists of an acid and its conjugate base. The conjugate base is the base that is formed when the acid donates a proton (H+ ion). In other words, the conjugate base is the species that remains after the acid has donated a proton.

HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)

HCl is a strong acid that completely dissociates in water to produce H+ ions and Cl- ions. The conjugate base of HCl is Cl-, which is the chloride ion.

HCl (aq) → H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

Therefore, the conjugate base of HCl is Cl-.

NH4+ (Ammonium Ion)

NH4+ is a weak base that accepts a proton (H+ ion) to form NH3 (ammonia) and H+ ions. The conjugate base of NH4+ is NH3, which is the ammonia molecule.

NH4+ (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ NH3 (aq) + H3O+ (aq)

Therefore, the conjugate base of NH4+ is NH3.

H2O (Water)

H2O is a weak acid that accepts a proton (H+ ion) to form H3O+ (hydronium ion) and OH- (hydroxide ion). The conjugate base of H2O is OH-, which is the hydroxide ion.

H2O (l) + H+ (aq) ⇌ H3O+ (aq)

Therefore, the conjugate base of H2O is OH-.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we have filled in the missing chemical formulae in the tables above. The conjugate base of HCl is Cl-, the conjugate base of NH4+ is NH3, and the conjugate base of H2O is OH-. Understanding acid-base pairs is crucial in chemistry, and this article has provided a brief overview of the concept.

Table 2: Acid-Base Pairs with Formulae

Discussion

Acid-base pairs are an essential concept in chemistry, and understanding them is crucial in various fields such as biochemistry, environmental science, and pharmaceuticals. The conjugate base of an acid is the species that remains after the acid has donated a proton, and it plays a crucial role in determining the acidity or basicity of a solution.

Applications of Acid-Base Pairs

Acid-base pairs have numerous applications in various fields. For example, in biochemistry, acid-base pairs play a crucial role in the functioning of enzymes and proteins. In environmental science, acid-base pairs are used to understand the behavior of pollutants in the environment. In pharmaceuticals, acid-base pairs are used to design and develop new drugs.

Conclusion

In conclusion, acid-base pairs are a fundamental concept in chemistry, and understanding them is crucial in various fields. This article has provided a brief overview of the concept of acid-base pairs and has filled in the missing chemical formulae in the tables above. We hope that this article has provided a useful resource for students and professionals in the field of chemistry.

References

• Atkins, P. W., & De Paula, J. (2010). Physical chemistry. Oxford University Press.
• Brown, T. E., & LeMay, H. E. (2014). Chemistry: The Central Science. Pearson Education.
• Petrucci, R. H., Harwood, W. S., & Herring, F. G. (2016). General chemistry: Principles and modern applications. Pearson Education.