Evaluation Of Classroom Convenience Classrooms At SDN 066049 Based On The PMV And PPD Index

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Introduction

Thermal comfort in the classroom is a crucial aspect of supporting the effective teaching and learning process. A comfortable learning environment can significantly impact student concentration and performance. However, many classrooms, including those at SDN 066049, often face issues related to thermal comfort. This study aims to evaluate the thermal comfort in two classrooms at SDN 066049, namely Class VA and Class III, by considering environmental conditions, building materials, and existing ventilation systems. The research method used is descriptive quantitative, by collecting data through measurement and distribution of questionnaires.

Methodology

The research was conducted in two classrooms, both of which are east-West oriented. The data were collected through measurement and distribution of questionnaires. The PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) index and PPD (Predicted percentage of Dissatisfied) were used to analyze the data. The PMV index is a widely used method to evaluate thermal comfort, and it takes into account factors such as air temperature, humidity, and air velocity. The PPD index, on the other hand, is a measure of the percentage of people who are dissatisfied with the thermal environment.

Results

The results of the study showed that the PMV value in Class VA ranged from 0.17 to 2.17, while the PPD value ranged from 6% to 84%. In Class III, the PMV value ranged from 0.22 to 2.28, and the PPD value ranged from 6% to 88%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the two classrooms are uncomfortable in thermally.

Further Analysis

The results of the study showed that the two classrooms of SDN 066049 did not reach the optimal thermal comfort level. This is caused by several factors, including:

East-West Orientation

Classroom orientation facing East-West causing high direct sun exposure, especially in the morning and evening. This can significantly increase room temperature, causing thermal discomfort.

Building Materials

Building materials used, such as brick walls and zinc roofs, have high heat absorbing properties. This causes the room temperature to become hot and difficult to control.

Ventilation System

The ventilation system in both classrooms is not optimal in regulating air circulation and maintaining a room temperature balance.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, several recommendations can be given to increase thermal comfort in the SDN 066049 classroom, including:

Application of Environmentally Friendly Architectural Concepts

Applying the concept of environmentally friendly architecture with the use of building materials that have reflective properties of heat, such as bright-colored roofs and ventilated walls.

Improvement of the Ventilation System

Increasing the ventilation system with the use of larger windows and doors, as well as the addition of mechanical ventilation systems to regulate air circulation.

Use of Curtains or Canopy

Using curtains or canopy to reduce direct sun exposure, so that it can reduce room temperature.

Tree Planting

Tree planting around the building can help reduce air temperature and increase air circulation.

Conclusion

This research can be a reference for the school to make efforts to improve thermal comfort in the classroom. By creating a comfortable learning environment, it is expected to increase student concentration and performance in the teaching and learning process. The recommendations provided in this study can be implemented to improve thermal comfort in the SDN 066049 classroom, and it is hoped that this study can contribute to the improvement of thermal comfort in other classrooms as well.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

  • The study was conducted in only two classrooms, and the results may not be generalizable to other classrooms.
  • The study only considered environmental conditions, building materials, and existing ventilation systems, and did not take into account other factors that may affect thermal comfort.
  • The study used a descriptive quantitative method, and the results may not be as accurate as those obtained from a more rigorous method.

Future Research

Future research can build on the findings of this study by:

  • Conducting a more comprehensive study that takes into account other factors that may affect thermal comfort.
  • Using a more rigorous method, such as a randomized controlled trial, to evaluate the effectiveness of the recommendations provided in this study.
  • Conducting a study in a larger sample size to increase the generalizability of the results.

References

  • ASHRAE (2009). ASHRAE Standard 55-2009: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy.
  • ISO (2005). ISO 7730:2005: Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Analytical determination and interpretation of thermal comfort using calculation of the PMV and PPD indices and local thermal comfort criteria.
  • Li, Q., & Yang, X. (2011). Thermal comfort in classrooms: A review of the literature. Building and Environment, 46(11), 2231-2241.

Introduction

In our previous article, we discussed the evaluation of thermal comfort in two classrooms at SDN 066049, namely Class VA and Class III, based on the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) index and PPD (Predicted percentage of Dissatisfied). The study aimed to identify the factors affecting thermal comfort and provide recommendations to improve it. In this Q&A article, we will address some of the frequently asked questions related to the study.

Q: What is the PMV index and how is it used to evaluate thermal comfort?

A: The PMV index is a widely used method to evaluate thermal comfort. It takes into account factors such as air temperature, humidity, and air velocity to determine the thermal comfort level of a person. The PMV index ranges from -3 to +3, with a value of 0 indicating neutral thermal comfort.

Q: What is the PPD index and how is it used to evaluate thermal comfort?

A: The PPD index is a measure of the percentage of people who are dissatisfied with the thermal environment. It is calculated based on the PMV index and takes into account the thermal comfort level of a person. The PPD index ranges from 0 to 100, with a value of 0 indicating no dissatisfaction and a value of 100 indicating complete dissatisfaction.

Q: What are the factors that affect thermal comfort in a classroom?

A: The factors that affect thermal comfort in a classroom include:

  • East-West Orientation: Classroom orientation facing East-West causing high direct sun exposure, especially in the morning and evening.
  • Building Materials: Building materials used, such as brick walls and zinc roofs, have high heat absorbing properties.
  • Ventilation System: The ventilation system in both classrooms is not optimal in regulating air circulation and maintaining a room temperature balance.

Q: What are the recommendations to improve thermal comfort in a classroom?

A: The recommendations to improve thermal comfort in a classroom include:

  • Application of Environmentally Friendly Architectural Concepts: Applying the concept of environmentally friendly architecture with the use of building materials that have reflective properties of heat, such as bright-colored roofs and ventilated walls.
  • Improvement of the Ventilation System: Increasing the ventilation system with the use of larger windows and doors, as well as the addition of mechanical ventilation systems to regulate air circulation.
  • Use of Curtains or Canopy: Using curtains or canopy to reduce direct sun exposure, so that it can reduce room temperature.
  • Tree Planting: Tree planting around the building can help reduce air temperature and increase air circulation.

Q: How can the school implement the recommendations to improve thermal comfort in the classroom?

A: The school can implement the recommendations by:

  • Conducting a thorough assessment of the classroom environment: Identifying the factors that affect thermal comfort and determining the best course of action to improve it.
  • Implementing environmentally friendly architectural concepts: Using building materials that have reflective properties of heat and improving the ventilation system.
  • Providing education and training: Educating students, teachers, and staff on the importance of thermal comfort and how to maintain a comfortable learning environment.
  • Monitoring and evaluating: Continuously monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the recommendations and making adjustments as needed.

Q: What are the benefits of improving thermal comfort in a classroom?

A: The benefits of improving thermal comfort in a classroom include:

  • Improved student concentration and performance: A comfortable learning environment can improve student concentration and performance.
  • Reduced absenteeism: A comfortable learning environment can reduce absenteeism and improve attendance.
  • Improved teacher satisfaction: A comfortable learning environment can improve teacher satisfaction and reduce turnover.
  • Reduced energy consumption: A comfortable learning environment can reduce energy consumption and improve sustainability.

Conclusion

In conclusion, thermal comfort is a crucial aspect of a comfortable learning environment. The PMV and PPD indices are widely used methods to evaluate thermal comfort, and the factors that affect thermal comfort include east-west orientation, building materials, and ventilation system. The recommendations to improve thermal comfort include applying environmentally friendly architectural concepts, improving the ventilation system, using curtains or canopy, and tree planting. By implementing these recommendations, schools can improve thermal comfort in the classroom and provide a comfortable learning environment for students.