Ethosomal Formulation Of Ethanol Ethanol Extracts Teximan (Chromolaena Odorata L.) And Physical Characterization, Physical Stability Test, Penetration And Anti -agricultural Activity In Vivo
Ethesomal Formulation of Ethanol Extracts Teximan (Chromolaena odorata L.) and Physical Characterization, Physical Stability Test, Penetration and Anti-Agricultural Activity in Vivo
Introduction
Skin aging is a complex process influenced by various factors, including excessive exposure to ultraviolet light. Quercetin, a flavonoid compound found in the Texunan leaf extract, has antioxidant properties that can prevent skin aging. However, its low solubility in water makes it challenging to formulate effective topical preparations. To overcome this problem, this study develops ethosomal formulations, small particle-sized preparations that can increase quercetin penetration into the skin.
Background
The Texunan leaf extract is rich in secondary metabolites, including tannins, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, and essential oils. Quercetin, one of the flavonoid compounds found in the extract, has antioxidant properties that can prevent skin aging. However, its low solubility in water makes it challenging to formulate effective topical preparations. To overcome this problem, this study develops ethosomal formulations, small particle-sized preparations that can increase quercetin penetration into the skin.
Methodology
This study begins with the identification of quercetin compounds using the preparative thin layer chromatography method (TLC-Preparative). Furthermore, an antioxidant test was carried out using the DPPH method, determining the IC50 value, and total flavonoids. Four ethosome formulas (F1-without extract, F2-extract 0.5 g in 10 ml of ethanol, F3-extract 1 g in 20 ml of ethanol, F4-extract 1.5 g in 30 ml of ethanol) were formulated and characterized. Characterization includes organoleptic, particle size, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). As a comparison, liposome preparations were also made with 100 mg of extracts in 10 ml of PBS Saline solution.
Physical Stability Test
The physical stability test was carried out for 12 weeks of storage. In addition, viscosity tests, absorption efficiency, and penetration of rabbit skin were carried out using the Franz diffusion method. In vivo irritation test on rabbit skin was also carried out. Anti-agricultural activity was tested on mouse skin exposed to UV-B rays and compared to liposome preparations. Histopathological profiles were also observed.
Results
The results showed that the quercetin compound in the Ethanol extract of the teclan leaf had a RF value of 0.46 (orange color). The extract IC50 value is 31,145 mcg/ml. The highest total flavonoids were found in the F4 formula (228,971 MGEQ/G). All formulas have particle size in the nanometer, with the F4 formula having the smallest particle size (102.87 ± 0.59 nm). The absorption efficiency of the F4 formula is 68.44%, the cumulative amount in the 480th minute (1120.20 ± 815.05 mcg/cm2), %cumulative (38.82 ± 0.45%), and flux value (23.01 ± 1,732 μg.CM-2H-1). Ethosome preparations do not indicate irritation of the rabbit skin.
Macroscopic Skin Anti-Aging Test Results
Macroscopic skin anti-aging test results show that the skin of a group of mice exposed to UV-B has irregular pigmentation, pale, telangiectasia (small and wide blood vessels), and solar elastosis (thickening of the skin due to accumulation of abnormal elastin). Microscopically, the epidermis looks thinned and the density of collagen is reduced. The group of mice that are treated with ethosomal leaf extract texunan show improvement in the macroscopic structure of the skin. Microscopically, the epidermis is clearly visible and collagen density increases.
Conclusion
The conclusion of this study is that all ethosomal preparations meet the physical characteristics of the ethosome. The F4 formula (1.5 g of extract in 30 ml of ethanol) has the best anti-agricultural skin effectiveness. This study provides scientific evidence that the ethosome of Ethanol Ethanol Extract Texlan can be an effective solution to overcome the problem of skin aging. Further research is needed to optimize the formula and test its effectiveness on various skin types.
Recommendations
Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:
- Optimize the formula: Further research is needed to optimize the formula and test its effectiveness on various skin types.
- Test on various skin types: The effectiveness of the ethosome of Ethanol Ethanol Extract Texlan should be tested on various skin types to ensure its safety and efficacy.
- Long-term stability test: A long-term stability test should be carried out to ensure the stability of the ethosome over time.
- Clinical trials: Clinical trials should be carried out to test the efficacy and safety of the ethosome of Ethanol Ethanol Extract Texlan in humans.
Future Directions
This study provides a foundation for further research on the development of ethosomal formulations for skin aging. Future studies should focus on optimizing the formula, testing its effectiveness on various skin types, and conducting clinical trials to test its efficacy and safety in humans.
Q&A: Ethosomal Formulation of Ethanol Extracts Teximan (Chromolaena odorata L.) and Physical Characterization, Physical Stability Test, Penetration and Anti-Agricultural Activity in Vivo
Q: What is the purpose of this study?
A: The purpose of this study is to formulate ethosomal preparations from ethanol extracts of texunan leaves, characterize and evaluate preparations, and test their effectiveness as anti-aging skin in vivo.
Q: What is the significance of quercetin in skin aging?
A: Quercetin is a flavonoid compound found in the texunan leaf extract that has antioxidant properties that can prevent skin aging. However, its low solubility in water makes it challenging to formulate effective topical preparations.
Q: What is an ethosome?
A: An ethosome is a small particle-sized preparation that can increase quercetin penetration into the skin. It is a type of liposome that is designed to deliver active ingredients to the skin more effectively.
Q: What are the physical characteristics of the ethosome?
A: The physical characteristics of the ethosome include particle size, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that all formulas have particle size in the nanometer, with the F4 formula having the smallest particle size (102.87 ± 0.59 nm).
Q: What is the absorption efficiency of the F4 formula?
A: The absorption efficiency of the F4 formula is 68.44%, which is higher than the other formulas. This indicates that the F4 formula is more effective at delivering quercetin to the skin.
Q: What is the cumulative amount in the 480th minute of the F4 formula?
A: The cumulative amount in the 480th minute of the F4 formula is 1120.20 ± 815.05 mcg/cm2, which is higher than the other formulas. This indicates that the F4 formula is more effective at delivering quercetin to the skin over time.
Q: Does the ethosome preparation indicate irritation of the rabbit skin?
A: No, the ethosome preparation does not indicate irritation of the rabbit skin. This suggests that the ethosome preparation is safe for use on human skin.
Q: What are the macroscopic skin anti-aging test results?
A: The macroscopic skin anti-aging test results show that the skin of a group of mice exposed to UV-B has irregular pigmentation, pale, telangiectasia (small and wide blood vessels), and solar elastosis (thickening of the skin due to accumulation of abnormal elastin). Microscopically, the epidermis looks thinned and the density of collagen is reduced. The group of mice that are treated with ethosomal leaf extract texunan show improvement in the macroscopic structure of the skin. Microscopically, the epidermis is clearly visible and collagen density increases.
Q: What is the conclusion of this study?
A: The conclusion of this study is that all ethosomal preparations meet the physical characteristics of the ethosome. The F4 formula (1.5 g of extract in 30 ml of ethanol) has the best anti-agricultural skin effectiveness. This study provides scientific evidence that the ethosome of Ethanol Ethanol Extract Texlan can be an effective solution to overcome the problem of skin aging.
Q: What are the recommendations for future research?
A: Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:
- Optimize the formula: Further research is needed to optimize the formula and test its effectiveness on various skin types.
- Test on various skin types: The effectiveness of the ethosome of Ethanol Ethanol Extract Texlan should be tested on various skin types to ensure its safety and efficacy.
- Long-term stability test: A long-term stability test should be carried out to ensure the stability of the ethosome over time.
- Clinical trials: Clinical trials should be carried out to test the efficacy and safety of the ethosome of Ethanol Ethanol Extract Texlan in humans.
Q: What are the future directions for this research?
A: This study provides a foundation for further research on the development of ethosomal formulations for skin aging. Future studies should focus on optimizing the formula, testing its effectiveness on various skin types, and conducting clinical trials to test its efficacy and safety in humans.