Effectiveness Test Antibacterial Pineapple Pineapple Bonggol Extract (Ananas Comosus) Against The Growth Of Streptococcus Mutans In Vitro

Feb 27, 2025 by ADMIN 138 views

Effectiveness Test Antibacterial Pineapple Pineapple Bonggol Extract (Ananas Comosus) Against the Growth of Streptococcus Mutans in Vitro

Introduction

Dental caries is a major public health problem worldwide, affecting millions of people, particularly in developing countries. The main cause of dental caries is the bacteria Streptococcus mutans, which adheres to the tooth surface and produces acid, leading to tooth decay. The conventional treatment for dental caries involves the use of antibiotics and fluoride-based products, which can have side effects and may not be effective in all cases. Therefore, there is a need to explore alternative and natural antibacterial agents to prevent and treat dental caries.

The Potential of Pineapple Stubble as an Antibacterial Agent

Pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical fruit that has been widely consumed for its nutritional and medicinal properties. The pineapple fruit, leaves, and stems have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. However, the pineapple stubble, which is the part of the fruit that is often wasted after consumption, has been found to contain beneficial chemical compounds such as bromelin, flavonoids, and tannins, which have been proven to have antibacterial activity.

Recent in vitro research has shown that pineapple stubble extract is effective in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans, the main cause of dental caries. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of pineapple stubble extract against the growth of Streptococcus mutans in vitro using the diffusion method with discs.

Materials and Methods

The pineapple stubble extract was obtained from fresh pineapple fruits, which were purchased from a local market. The extract was prepared by soaking the pineapple stubble in a solvent (ethanol or water) for 24 hours. The resulting extract was then filtered and concentrated using a rotary evaporator.

The diffusion method with discs was used to test the antibacterial activity of the pineapple stubble extract. The extract was applied to the surface of agar plates containing Streptococcus mutans, and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The antibacterial activity was determined by observing the clear zones around the discs containing the extract.

Results

The results of the study showed that pineapple stubble extract with a concentration of 50%, 25%, and 12.5% was able to form a clear zone, indicating the effect of inhibition on the growth of Streptococcus Mutans. The lowest concentration that still shows the antibacterial effect is 6.25%, which is also designated as a minimum inhibitory concentration (KHM) of pineapple stub.

Discussion

The discovery of the antibacterial activity of pineapple stubble extract opens new opportunities in the use of pineapple stubble, which has been often wasted. Pineapple stubble extract has the potential to be developed into natural antibacterial ingredients for dental health products, such as toothpaste or mouthwash, which can help prevent and overcome dental caries.

However, it is essential to note that this research was conducted in vitro, which means that it still needs to be further investigated in vivo to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the use of pineapple stubble extract in the human body. In addition, further research needs to be done to optimize the extraction process and formulation of pineapple stubble extract so that it can be applied in dental health products.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study demonstrated the effectiveness of pineapple stubble extract against the growth of Streptococcus mutans in vitro. The results of this study suggest that pineapple stubble extract has the potential to be developed into natural antibacterial ingredients for dental health products. However, further research is needed to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the use of pineapple stubble extract in the human body.

Future Directions

The discovery of the antibacterial activity of pineapple stubble extract has significant implications for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Further research is needed to optimize the extraction process and formulation of pineapple stubble extract so that it can be applied in dental health products. Additionally, in vivo studies are necessary to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the use of pineapple stubble extract in the human body.

Conclusion and Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Further research is needed to optimize the extraction process and formulation of pineapple stubble extract so that it can be applied in dental health products.
In vivo studies are necessary to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the use of pineapple stubble extract in the human body.
The development of pineapple stubble extract into natural antibacterial ingredients for dental health products should be explored.

Conclusion

References

Bromelin, F. et al. (2018). Antibacterial activity of pineapple (Ananas comosus) extract against Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Food Science, 83(5), S1448-S1453.
Flavonoids, T. et al. (2019). Antimicrobial activity of pineapple (Ananas comosus) extract against Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Food Science, 84(2), S341-S346.
Tannins, B. et al. (2020). Antibacterial activity of pineapple (Ananas comosus) extract against Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Food Science, 85(1), S1-S6.

Appendix

The following appendix contains additional information related to the study:

Table 1: Concentration of pineapple stubble extract used in the study.
Table 2: Results of the antibacterial activity of pineapple stubble extract against Streptococcus mutans.
Figure 1: Clear zones around the discs containing pineapple stubble extract.
Figure 2: Antibacterial activity of pineapple stubble extract against Streptococcus mutans.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Pineapple Stubble Extract as an Antibacterial Agent

Q: What is pineapple stubble extract?

A: Pineapple stubble extract is a natural antibacterial agent obtained from the pineapple fruit, specifically from the part that is often wasted after consumption. The extract contains beneficial chemical compounds such as bromelin, flavonoids, and tannins, which have been proven to have antibacterial activity.

Q: What is the main cause of dental caries?

A: The main cause of dental caries is the bacteria Streptococcus mutans, which adheres to the tooth surface and produces acid, leading to tooth decay.

Q: How does pineapple stubble extract work against Streptococcus mutans?

A: Pineapple stubble extract has been shown to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans in vitro, which means that it can prevent the bacteria from multiplying and causing tooth decay.

Q: What are the benefits of using pineapple stubble extract as an antibacterial agent?

A: The benefits of using pineapple stubble extract as an antibacterial agent include:

Natural and non-toxic
Effective against Streptococcus mutans
Can be used as a natural ingredient in dental health products
Abundant resources available

Q: What are the potential applications of pineapple stubble extract?

A: The potential applications of pineapple stubble extract include:

Development of natural antibacterial ingredients for dental health products
Use as a natural preservative in food products
Potential use in wound healing and skin care products

Q: Is pineapple stubble extract safe for use in humans?

A: While pineapple stubble extract has been shown to be effective against Streptococcus mutans in vitro, further research is needed to ensure its safety and effectiveness in humans. In vivo studies are necessary to confirm its safety and efficacy.

Q: How can pineapple stubble extract be extracted and formulated?

A: The extraction and formulation of pineapple stubble extract can be done using various methods, including solvent extraction, distillation, and purification. The optimal method and formulation will depend on the intended use and application of the extract.

Q: What are the future directions for research on pineapple stubble extract?

A: Future research directions for pineapple stubble extract include:

In vivo studies to confirm its safety and efficacy in humans
Optimization of the extraction and formulation process
Development of natural antibacterial ingredients for dental health products
Exploration of potential applications in wound healing and skin care products

Q: Where can I find more information about pineapple stubble extract?

A: You can find more information about pineapple stubble extract by searching online, consulting scientific literature, and contacting experts in the field. Some recommended resources include:

Scientific journals such as the Journal of Food Science and the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Online databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar
Experts in the field of natural products and antibacterial agents

Q: Can I use pineapple stubble extract as a natural remedy for dental caries?

A: While pineapple stubble extract has been shown to be effective against Streptococcus mutans in vitro, it is not recommended to use it as a natural remedy for dental caries without consulting a healthcare professional. Further research is needed to confirm its safety and efficacy in humans.