Effect Of Giving African Leaf Ethanol Extract (Vernonia Amygdalina Del.) Against CK-MB And LDH Parameters In Isoprotrerenol-induced Mice
Effect of Giving African Leaf Ethanol Extract (Vernonia Amygdalina Del.) Against CK-MB and LDH Parameters in Isoproterenol-induced Mice
Introduction
The search for natural remedies to combat cardiovascular diseases has led to the exploration of various plant extracts, including those from the Vernonia Amygdalina Del. family. African leaves, also known as Vernonia Amygdalina Del., are a plant rich in antioxidant compounds and have been identified as a cardioprotective agent that can protect the heart from various diseases. This study aims to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of African leaves on creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in mice induced by isoproterenol.
Background
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the search for effective treatments has led to the exploration of various natural remedies. African leaves, or Vernonia Amygdalina Del., have been identified as a potential cardioprotective agent due to their rich antioxidant content. The plant has been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the efficacy of African leaves in reducing CK-MB and LDH levels in isoproterenol-induced mice has not been extensively studied.
Methodology
This study involved six treatment groups, each consisting of five rats. The African leaf ethanol extract was tested for its ability to reduce CK-MB and LDH levels after mice were induced by isoproterenol at a dose of 85 mg/kg body weight on the 16th day. The EEDA treatment was given in three different doses, namely 100 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kg BW, and 500 mg/kg BW, and negative control using carboxymethyl cellulose-na 0.5% and positive control with quercetin 100 mg/kg BW, given for 15 days. Blood collection was carried out on the 17th day to measure CK-MB and LDH levels.
Results
The results of this study showed that the ethanol extract of African leaves could reduce CK-MB and LDH levels. At a dose of 100 mg/kg BW, CK-MB levels recorded 69.96 ± 5.39 ng/ml and LDH 32.54 ± 1.11 ng/ml. While at a dose of 300 mg/kg BW, CK-MB levels decreased to 46.69 ± 4.86 ng/ml and LDH to 21 ± 1.77 ng/ml. The highest dose, which is 500 mg/kg BW, showed a very low level of CK-MB, which is 9.22 ± 1.6 ng/ml and LDH 6.76 ± 1.18 ng/ml. These results show a significant difference (p <0.05) compared to negative control, and did not show a significant difference (p> 0.05) when compared to positive control and normal control.
Discussion
The results of this study suggest that African leaf ethanol extract has the potential to be effective in reducing CK-MB and LDH levels in isoproterenol-induced mice. The most effective dose of 500 mg/kg BW showed a significant reduction in CK-MB and LDH levels, indicating its potential as a cardioprotective agent. This finding opens opportunities for further research on the use of African leaves as alternative therapy for cardiovascular problems, given its cardioprotective nature.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of African leaf ethanol extract in reducing CK-MB and LDH levels in isoproterenol-induced mice. The most effective dose of 500 mg/kg BW showed a significant reduction in CK-MB and LDH levels, indicating its potential as a cardioprotective agent. This finding opens opportunities for further research on the use of African leaves as alternative therapy for cardiovascular problems, given its cardioprotective nature. Deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of active compounds in this leaf also needs to be done to optimize in clinical applications.
Future Directions
Further research is needed to fully understand the potential of African leaves as a cardioprotective agent. This includes studies on the mechanism of action of active compounds in this leaf, as well as clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy and safety in humans. Additionally, the development of safer and effective cardioprotective therapy is a critical area of research that requires further investigation.
References
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Limitations
This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the use of a single dose of isoproterenol. Additionally, the study did not investigate the mechanism of action of active compounds in African leaves, which is an area of further research.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of African leaf ethanol extract in reducing CK-MB and LDH levels in isoproterenol-induced mice. The most effective dose of 500 mg/kg BW showed a significant reduction in CK-MB and LDH levels, indicating its potential as a cardioprotective agent. This finding opens opportunities for further research on the use of African leaves as alternative therapy for cardiovascular problems, given its cardioprotective nature.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About the Effect of African Leaf Ethanol Extract on CK-MB and LDH Parameters in Isoproterenol-induced Mice
Q: What is the purpose of this study?
A: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of African leaves on creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in mice induced by isoproterenol.
Q: What is the significance of this study?
A: This study is significant because it explores the potential of African leaves as a cardioprotective agent, which can help protect the heart from various diseases. The results of this study can provide valuable information for the development of new treatments for cardiovascular diseases.
Q: What are CK-MB and LDH, and why are they important?
A: CK-MB and LDH are enzymes that are released into the bloodstream when the heart is damaged. Elevated levels of these enzymes can indicate heart damage or disease. In this study, the levels of CK-MB and LDH were measured to assess the effect of African leaf ethanol extract on heart health.
Q: What is the mechanism of action of African leaf ethanol extract?
A: The exact mechanism of action of African leaf ethanol extract is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve the antioxidant properties of the plant. Antioxidants can help protect the heart from damage caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can cause cell damage.
Q: What are the potential benefits of using African leaf ethanol extract as a cardioprotective agent?
A: The potential benefits of using African leaf ethanol extract as a cardioprotective agent include reducing the risk of heart disease, improving heart function, and reducing the risk of heart failure.
Q: What are the limitations of this study?
A: The limitations of this study include the small sample size and the use of a single dose of isoproterenol. Additionally, the study did not investigate the mechanism of action of active compounds in African leaves, which is an area of further research.
Q: What are the potential applications of this study?
A: The potential applications of this study include the development of new treatments for cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure and coronary artery disease. Additionally, the study can provide valuable information for the development of new cardioprotective agents.
Q: What are the next steps in this research?
A: The next steps in this research include further studies on the mechanism of action of African leaf ethanol extract, as well as clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy and safety in humans.
Q: Is African leaf ethanol extract safe to use?
A: While African leaf ethanol extract has been shown to be safe in animal studies, its safety in humans has not been extensively studied. Therefore, it is not recommended to use African leaf ethanol extract as a cardioprotective agent without consulting a healthcare professional.
Q: Can African leaf ethanol extract be used as a treatment for other diseases?
A: While African leaf ethanol extract has been shown to have cardioprotective effects, its use as a treatment for other diseases has not been extensively studied. Therefore, it is not recommended to use African leaf ethanol extract as a treatment for other diseases without consulting a healthcare professional.
Q: Where can I find more information about African leaf ethanol extract?
A: You can find more information about African leaf ethanol extract by searching online or consulting a healthcare professional. Additionally, you can contact the researchers who conducted this study for more information.