Effect Of Antituberculosis Therapy Intensive Phase On The Nutritional Status Of Patients With Children's Tuberculosis At The Adam Malik Hajj Hospital In Medan In 2018

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Effect of Antituberculosis Therapy Intensive Phase on the Nutritional Status of Patients with Children's Tuberculosis at the Adam Malik Hajj Hospital in Medan in 2018

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Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) is a deadly infectious disease that ranks 10th in the list of major causes of death worldwide. Indonesia is one of the three countries with the highest TB rates, and in North Sumatra Province, the proportion of children's TB patients reaches 2%. TB treatment using antituberculosis (OAT) drug therapy has been proven effective, but it is essential to remember that low endurance and malnutrition are significant factors that can increase a person's risk of becoming a TB patient. The impact of TB can be felt in the growth of children, which can be evaluated through the assessment of nutritional status.

Background

TB is a global health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), TB is one of the top 10 causes of death globally, and Indonesia is among the countries with the highest TB rates. In North Sumatra Province, the proportion of children's TB patients reaches 2%, which is a significant concern. TB treatment using OAT drug therapy has been proven effective, but it is essential to consider the impact of TB on the nutritional status of children.

Research Purposes

This study aims to evaluate the effect of the antituberculosis therapy of the intensive phase on the nutritional status of children with TB who are treated at the Adam Malik Hospital in Medan in 2018. The study aims to investigate the impact of OAT therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB, particularly in the age group 0-1 years and children aged 1-5 years.

Methodology

In this study, the methodology used was observational analytic with a retrospective cohort design, utilizing secondary data taken from patient medical records at Adam Malik Hajj Hospital in 2018. The data collected will be processed and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, a statistical method appropriate to compare two related samples.

Data Collection

The data collected from patient medical records at Adam Malik Hajj Hospital in 2018 included demographic information, TB diagnosis, OAT therapy, and nutritional status assessment. The data were collected from a total of 100 children with TB who received OAT therapy during the intensive phase.

Data Analysis

The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, a statistical method appropriate to compare two related samples. The analysis results showed a high significance number (p = 0.001), indicating that antituberculosis therapy had a positive impact on the nutritional status of children.

Results

The analysis results from the Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in the nutritional status of children with TB who received OAT therapy during the intensive phase. The average increase in post-therapy OAT nutritional status shows good results, especially in the age group 0-1 years and children aged 1-5 years. In the age group 0-1 years, the average weight gain reached 7.81 kg, while for the age group 1-5 years, an increase reached 15.32 kg. The pattern of weight gain shows that the application of OAT therapy during the intensive phase significantly increases the nutrition of these children.

Conclusion

Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the antituberculosis therapy intensive phase has a positive effect on the nutritional status of children with tuberculosis. Treatment interventions that reach this standard make it possible not only to cure infections but also improve other important aspects, namely nutrition and child growth. Therefore, greater attention to nutritional status during TB treatment in children needs to be maintained, in order to ensure optimal healing and restoration of healthy growth.

Implications

This study has an important value in strengthening the understanding that the treatment of TB, especially in children, is not only focused on healing the disease but also related to improving their nutritional conditions to grow well while avoiding the long-term impact of this disease. The findings of this study suggest that OAT therapy during the intensive phase can improve the nutritional status of children with TB, particularly in the age group 0-1 years and children aged 1-5 years. Therefore, healthcare providers should pay attention to the nutritional status of children with TB and provide appropriate treatment interventions to improve their nutritional conditions.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • Healthcare providers should pay attention to the nutritional status of children with TB and provide appropriate treatment interventions to improve their nutritional conditions.
  • OAT therapy during the intensive phase should be continued to improve the nutritional status of children with TB.
  • Further studies should be conducted to investigate the long-term impact of OAT therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

  • The study was conducted in a single hospital, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
  • The study only included children with TB who received OAT therapy during the intensive phase, which may not be representative of all children with TB.
  • The study did not investigate the long-term impact of OAT therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB.

Future Directions

Future studies should investigate the long-term impact of OAT therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB. Additionally, further studies should be conducted to investigate the effectiveness of OAT therapy in improving the nutritional status of children with TB in different age groups.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Effect of Antituberculosis Therapy Intensive Phase on the Nutritional Status of Patients with Children's Tuberculosis

Q: What is the main objective of this study?

A: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the antituberculosis therapy of the intensive phase on the nutritional status of children with TB who are treated at the Adam Malik Hospital in Medan in 2018.

Q: What is the significance of this study?

A: This study is significant because it highlights the importance of considering the nutritional status of children with TB during treatment. The study shows that antituberculosis therapy during the intensive phase can improve the nutritional status of children with TB, particularly in the age group 0-1 years and children aged 1-5 years.

Q: What is the methodology used in this study?

A: The methodology used in this study is observational analytic with a retrospective cohort design, utilizing secondary data taken from patient medical records at Adam Malik Hajj Hospital in 2018.

Q: What is the Wilcoxon test, and how is it used in this study?

A: The Wilcoxon test is a statistical method used to compare two related samples. In this study, the Wilcoxon test is used to analyze the data and determine the significance of the effect of antituberculosis therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB.

Q: What are the results of this study?

A: The results of this study show that antituberculosis therapy during the intensive phase has a positive effect on the nutritional status of children with TB. The average increase in post-therapy OAT nutritional status shows good results, especially in the age group 0-1 years and children aged 1-5 years.

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: The implications of this study are that healthcare providers should pay attention to the nutritional status of children with TB and provide appropriate treatment interventions to improve their nutritional conditions. OAT therapy during the intensive phase should be continued to improve the nutritional status of children with TB.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study are that it was conducted in a single hospital, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. The study only included children with TB who received OAT therapy during the intensive phase, which may not be representative of all children with TB. The study did not investigate the long-term impact of OAT therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB.

Q: What are the recommendations of this study?

A: The recommendations of this study are that healthcare providers should pay attention to the nutritional status of children with TB and provide appropriate treatment interventions to improve their nutritional conditions. OAT therapy during the intensive phase should be continued to improve the nutritional status of children with TB. Further studies should be conducted to investigate the long-term impact of OAT therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB.

Q: What are the future directions of this study?

A: The future directions of this study are to investigate the long-term impact of OAT therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB. Further studies should be conducted to investigate the effectiveness of OAT therapy in improving the nutritional status of children with TB in different age groups.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study are that it can be used to inform treatment guidelines for children with TB, particularly in the age group 0-1 years and children aged 1-5 years. The study can also be used to educate healthcare providers about the importance of considering the nutritional status of children with TB during treatment.

Q: What are the potential limitations of applying this study?

A: The potential limitations of applying this study are that it was conducted in a single hospital, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. The study only included children with TB who received OAT therapy during the intensive phase, which may not be representative of all children with TB. The study did not investigate the long-term impact of OAT therapy on the nutritional status of children with TB.