Drug Therapy Problems In Pneumonia Patients In Inpatient Installation Dr. Pirngadi

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Drug Therapy Problems in Pneumonia Patients in Inpatient Installation RSUD Dr. Pirngadi

Introduction

In developing countries like Indonesia, infection handling is still a major challenge in the health sector. One of the infections that often occurs is pneumonia, which is an infectious disease that attacks the respiratory system. Pneumonia has a high level of morbidity and mortality, although there are already various modern antibiotics. The problem of drug therapy (MTO) is an unexpected event in the use of drugs that can interfere with the success of therapy. As a major cause of death in developing countries, pneumonia requires more attention, especially considering the incidence of this disease in Indonesia ranges from 5% to 35%, with a mortality rate of 20% to 50%. The high number of pneumonia incidence has an impact on drug consumption, especially antibiotics.

The purpose of this study was to analyze MTOs in pneumonia patients in the inpatient installation of the Regional General Hospital Dr. Pirngadi, Medan, during the period of January 2017 to November 2017. This study was conducted with a descriptive method and retrospective data from the patient's medical record. Data analyzed based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) V 8.01 guidelines and WHO guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of pneumonia.

Methodology

The study was conducted in the inpatient installation of the Regional General Hospital Dr. Pirngadi, Medan, Indonesia. The data collected from the patient's medical record during the period of January 2017 to November 2017. The study used a descriptive method and retrospective data analysis. The data analyzed based on the PCNE V 8.01 guidelines and WHO guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of pneumonia.

Results

Based on the results of research on 54 patients, it was found that 24 patients or 44.44% had drug therapy problems. The identified type of MTO includes:

  • Indication not treated: as many as 4 cases (13.79%)
  • Drugs given without indications: 8 cases (34.48%)
  • Incidence of drug side effects: as many as 9 cases (41.37%)
  • Interactions of drugs: 3 cases (10.34%)

Analysis of Drug Therapy Problems

The high incidence of MTO in pneumonia patients in Dr. Pirngadi shows a gap in the treatment system and supervision of the patient. One of the causative factors is the lack of understanding or knowledge of medical personnel about the indication of drug use, resulting in inappropriate drug administration. For example, drugs given without clear indications can cause negative impacts on patients, including the risk of harmful side effects.

On the other hand, side effects that are often experienced by pneumonia patients add to the complexity of treatment. These side effects not only reduce the quality of life of patients, but can also result in termination of treatment, which can worsen the condition of their pneumonia. The interaction of the drug recorded in the study also indicates the need for extra attention in prescribing drugs, especially for patients who may consume more than one type of drug at once.

Conclusion

Based on the data obtained, it is clear that the problem of drug therapy in pneumonia patients in Dr. Pirngadi is still a significant issue. This emphasizes the need to increase attention in the management of drug therapy, training for medical personnel regarding the use of appropriate drugs, and tighter supervision of patients. By improving the treatment process, it is expected to reduce the incidence of MTO and increase the success rate of pneumonia therapy in Indonesia.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • Training for medical personnel: training for medical personnel regarding the use of appropriate drugs and the management of drug therapy is necessary to improve the treatment process.
  • Tighter supervision of patients: tighter supervision of patients is necessary to prevent the occurrence of MTO.
  • Improvement of treatment process: improvement of the treatment process is necessary to reduce the incidence of MTO and increase the success rate of pneumonia therapy in Indonesia.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

  • Small sample size: the sample size of this study is small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
  • Retrospective data analysis: the study used retrospective data analysis, which may limit the accuracy of the findings.
  • Limited data collection: the study only collected data from the patient's medical record, which may limit the scope of the study.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on:

  • Large-scale study: a large-scale study should be conducted to confirm the findings of this study.
  • Prospective data analysis: prospective data analysis should be used to improve the accuracy of the findings.
  • Collection of additional data: additional data should be collected to improve the scope of the study.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study found that the problem of drug therapy in pneumonia patients in Dr. Pirngadi is still a significant issue. The high incidence of MTO in pneumonia patients shows a gap in the treatment system and supervision of the patient. The study recommends training for medical personnel, tighter supervision of patients, and improvement of the treatment process to reduce the incidence of MTO and increase the success rate of pneumonia therapy in Indonesia. Future research should focus on large-scale studies, prospective data analysis, and collection of additional data to confirm the findings of this study.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Drug Therapy Problems in Pneumonia Patients

Q: What is drug therapy problem (MTO)?

A: MTO is an unexpected event in the use of drugs that can interfere with the success of therapy. It can occur due to various reasons, including inappropriate drug administration, lack of understanding or knowledge of medical personnel about the indication of drug use, and interactions of drugs.

Q: What are the common types of MTO in pneumonia patients?

A: The common types of MTO in pneumonia patients include:

  • Indication not treated: drugs given without clear indications can cause negative impacts on patients, including the risk of harmful side effects.
  • Drugs given without indications: drugs given without clear indications can cause negative impacts on patients, including the risk of harmful side effects.
  • Incidence of drug side effects: side effects that are often experienced by pneumonia patients add to the complexity of treatment.
  • Interactions of drugs: interactions of drugs can cause negative impacts on patients, including the risk of harmful side effects.

Q: What are the causes of MTO in pneumonia patients?

A: The causes of MTO in pneumonia patients include:

  • Lack of understanding or knowledge of medical personnel: lack of understanding or knowledge of medical personnel about the indication of drug use can result in inappropriate drug administration.
  • Inappropriate drug administration: drugs given without clear indications can cause negative impacts on patients, including the risk of harmful side effects.
  • Interactions of drugs: interactions of drugs can cause negative impacts on patients, including the risk of harmful side effects.

Q: What are the consequences of MTO in pneumonia patients?

A: The consequences of MTO in pneumonia patients include:

  • Negative impacts on patients: MTO can cause negative impacts on patients, including the risk of harmful side effects.
  • Termination of treatment: MTO can result in termination of treatment, which can worsen the condition of the patient's pneumonia.
  • Increased risk of complications: MTO can increase the risk of complications, including the risk of death.

Q: How can MTO be prevented in pneumonia patients?

A: MTO can be prevented in pneumonia patients by:

  • Training for medical personnel: training for medical personnel regarding the use of appropriate drugs and the management of drug therapy is necessary to improve the treatment process.
  • Tighter supervision of patients: tighter supervision of patients is necessary to prevent the occurrence of MTO.
  • Improvement of treatment process: improvement of the treatment process is necessary to reduce the incidence of MTO and increase the success rate of pneumonia therapy in Indonesia.

Q: What are the recommendations for future research?

A: The recommendations for future research include:

  • Large-scale study: a large-scale study should be conducted to confirm the findings of this study.
  • Prospective data analysis: prospective data analysis should be used to improve the accuracy of the findings.
  • Collection of additional data: additional data should be collected to improve the scope of the study.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include:

  • Small sample size: the sample size of this study is small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
  • Retrospective data analysis: the study used retrospective data analysis, which may limit the accuracy of the findings.
  • Limited data collection: the study only collected data from the patient's medical record, which may limit the scope of the study.

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: The implications of this study are:

  • Need for training for medical personnel: training for medical personnel regarding the use of appropriate drugs and the management of drug therapy is necessary to improve the treatment process.
  • Need for tighter supervision of patients: tighter supervision of patients is necessary to prevent the occurrence of MTO.
  • Need for improvement of treatment process: improvement of the treatment process is necessary to reduce the incidence of MTO and increase the success rate of pneumonia therapy in Indonesia.