Draw The Structural Formula For The Product In Each Of The Following Reactions:${ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH=CH_2 + H_2 \xrightarrow{Pt} }$

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Introduction

In organic chemistry, drawing structural formulas for products in reactions is a crucial skill for understanding and predicting the outcomes of chemical transformations. This article will guide you through the process of drawing structural formulas for the products in each of the following reactions.

Reaction 1: Addition of Hydrogen to an Alkene

The first reaction involves the addition of hydrogen to an alkene in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

CH3āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH=CH2+H2ā†’Pt{ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH=CH_2 + H_2 \xrightarrow{Pt} }

To draw the structural formula for the product, we need to consider the mechanism of the reaction. The platinum catalyst facilitates the addition of hydrogen to the alkene, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the hydrogen atoms and the alkene.

Step 1: Identify the Reactants

The reactants in this reaction are an alkene (CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2) and hydrogen gas (H2).

Step 2: Determine the Product

The product of this reaction is a saturated hydrocarbon, which is formed by the addition of hydrogen to the alkene.

Step 3: Draw the Structural Formula

To draw the structural formula for the product, we need to add two hydrogen atoms to the alkene, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the hydrogen atoms and the alkene.

The structural formula for the product is:

CH3āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH3{ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3 }

Reaction 2: Addition of Hydrogen to an Alkyne

The second reaction involves the addition of hydrogen to an alkyne in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

CH3āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH2āˆ’Cā‰”Cāˆ’CH3+H2ā†’Pt{ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-C\equiv C-CH_3 + H_2 \xrightarrow{Pt} }

To draw the structural formula for the product, we need to consider the mechanism of the reaction. The platinum catalyst facilitates the addition of hydrogen to the alkyne, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the hydrogen atoms and the alkyne.

Step 1: Identify the Reactants

The reactants in this reaction are an alkyne (CH3-CH2-CH2-Cā‰”C-CH3) and hydrogen gas (H2).

Step 2: Determine the Product

The product of this reaction is a saturated hydrocarbon, which is formed by the addition of hydrogen to the alkyne.

Step 3: Draw the Structural Formula

To draw the structural formula for the product, we need to add two hydrogen atoms to the alkyne, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the hydrogen atoms and the alkyne.

The structural formula for the product is:

CH3āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH3{ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3 }

Reaction 3: Addition of Hydrogen to an Alkene with a Double Bond

The third reaction involves the addition of hydrogen to an alkene with a double bond in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

CH3āˆ’CH=CHāˆ’CH3+H2ā†’Pt{ CH_3-CH=CH-CH_3 + H_2 \xrightarrow{Pt} }

To draw the structural formula for the product, we need to consider the mechanism of the reaction. The platinum catalyst facilitates the addition of hydrogen to the alkene, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the hydrogen atoms and the alkene.

Step 1: Identify the Reactants

The reactants in this reaction are an alkene with a double bond (CH3-CH=CH-CH3) and hydrogen gas (H2).

Step 2: Determine the Product

The product of this reaction is a saturated hydrocarbon, which is formed by the addition of hydrogen to the alkene.

Step 3: Draw the Structural Formula

To draw the structural formula for the product, we need to add two hydrogen atoms to the alkene, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the hydrogen atoms and the alkene.

The structural formula for the product is:

CH3āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH2āˆ’CH3{ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3 }

Conclusion

In conclusion, drawing structural formulas for products in reactions is a crucial skill for understanding and predicting the outcomes of chemical transformations. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can draw the structural formulas for the products in each of the following reactions.

Key Takeaways

  • The addition of hydrogen to an alkene or alkyne results in the formation of a saturated hydrocarbon.
  • The platinum catalyst facilitates the addition of hydrogen to the alkene or alkyne.
  • The structural formula for the product is formed by adding two hydrogen atoms to the alkene or alkyne.

References

  • Organic Chemistry by Jerry March and Michael Smith
  • Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach by Steven S. Zumdahl
  • General Chemistry by Linus Pauling
    Q&A: Drawing Structural Formulas for Products in Reactions ===========================================================

Introduction

In our previous article, we discussed the process of drawing structural formulas for products in reactions. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions related to this topic.

Q: What is the difference between an alkene and an alkyne?

A: An alkene is a hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon double bond, while an alkyne is a hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon triple bond.

Q: How do I determine the product of an addition reaction?

A: To determine the product of an addition reaction, you need to consider the reactants and the mechanism of the reaction. In general, the product of an addition reaction is a saturated hydrocarbon, which is formed by the addition of hydrogen to the alkene or alkyne.

Q: What is the role of the platinum catalyst in an addition reaction?

A: The platinum catalyst facilitates the addition of hydrogen to the alkene or alkyne, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the hydrogen atoms and the alkene or alkyne.

Q: How do I draw the structural formula for the product of an addition reaction?

A: To draw the structural formula for the product of an addition reaction, you need to add two hydrogen atoms to the alkene or alkyne, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the hydrogen atoms and the alkene or alkyne.

Q: What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

A: A saturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon that contains only single bonds between the carbon atoms, while an unsaturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon that contains one or more multiple bonds between the carbon atoms.

Q: How do I determine the number of hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon?

A: To determine the number of hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon, you need to count the number of hydrogen atoms in the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon.

Q: What is the significance of drawing structural formulas for products in reactions?

A: Drawing structural formulas for products in reactions is a crucial skill for understanding and predicting the outcomes of chemical transformations. It helps chemists to visualize the products of reactions and to predict the outcomes of new reactions.

Q: How do I practice drawing structural formulas for products in reactions?

A: You can practice drawing structural formulas for products in reactions by working through examples and exercises in your textbook or online resources. You can also try drawing structural formulas for products in reactions on your own, using the steps outlined in this article.

Conclusion

In conclusion, drawing structural formulas for products in reactions is a crucial skill for understanding and predicting the outcomes of chemical transformations. By following the steps outlined in this article and practicing drawing structural formulas for products in reactions, you can become proficient in this skill and apply it to a wide range of chemical reactions.

Key Takeaways

  • The addition of hydrogen to an alkene or alkyne results in the formation of a saturated hydrocarbon.
  • The platinum catalyst facilitates the addition of hydrogen to the alkene or alkyne.
  • The structural formula for the product is formed by adding two hydrogen atoms to the alkene or alkyne.
  • Drawing structural formulas for products in reactions is a crucial skill for understanding and predicting the outcomes of chemical transformations.

References

  • Organic Chemistry by Jerry March and Michael Smith
  • Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach by Steven S. Zumdahl
  • General Chemistry by Linus Pauling