Determination Of Percent Of The Volume Of Crude Petroleum Fraction With The ASTM D-86 Distillation Method At PT Pertamina EP Region Sumatera Field Pangkalan Susu

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Determination of Percent of Crude Petroleum Fraction with ASTM D-86 Distillation Method at PT Pertamina EP Region Sumatra Field Pangkalan Susu

Introduction

The extraction of crude oil from the drilling process at PT Pertamina EP Region Sumatra Field Pangkalan Susu contains various fractions with different volumes. To measure the total volume of these fractions, a distillation method is used in accordance with ASTM D-86 standards. This method is an important part of the analysis of crude oil parameters conducted in the laboratory of crude oil analysis and natural gas at that location. The ASTM D-86 method is a very effective technique for determining the oil fraction based on the boiling point. In this process, the extracted crude oil will be heated to the boiling point and then the results of evaporation will be re-condensed for the volume.

The results obtained from this distillation process show that the composition of crude oil fractions consists of 63.3% gasoline, 12.0% kerosene, 7.3% diesel fuel, and 7.3% residue. The use of ASTM D-86 distillation method in measurement of the volume of crude oil fractions not only provides quantitative information, but also qualitative insight about the quality of the oil produced. Gasoline, as the most important fraction, has a fairly high percentage, indicating that crude oil from the Pangkalan Susu field has good potential to be processed into fuel that is ready to use.

Analysis of Crude Oil Fractions

The analysis of crude oil fractions is crucial in determining the quality and potential of the oil produced. The composition of crude oil fractions is a critical factor in determining the suitability of the oil for various applications. In this study, the composition of crude oil fractions was determined using the ASTM D-86 distillation method. The results showed that the crude oil from the Pangkalan Susu field contains 63.3% gasoline, 12.0% kerosene, 7.3% diesel fuel, and 7.3% residue.

The gasoline fraction, which accounts for the largest percentage, has a boiling point range of 38-204°C. The high percentage of gasoline indicates that the crude oil from the Pangkalan Susu field has good potential to be processed into fuel that is ready to use. The kerosene fraction, which accounts for 12.0% of the crude oil, has a boiling point range of 138-204°C. The presence of kerosene indicates that the crude oil from the Pangkalan Susu field has the ability to be processed into jet fuel, which is an important industry in the world of aviation.

The diesel fuel fraction, which accounts for 7.3% of the crude oil, has a boiling point range of 204-343°C. The presence of diesel fuel indicates that the crude oil from the Pangkalan Susu field has the ability to be processed into diesel fuel, which is an important industry in the transportation and industrial sector. The residue fraction, which accounts for 7.3% of the crude oil, has a boiling point range of 343°C and above. The presence of residue indicates that the crude oil from the Pangkalan Susu field has parts that cannot be evaporated at high temperatures, and is generally used in products such as asphalt or raw materials for other chemical products.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the results of the analysis of the crude oil fraction at PT Pertamina EP region Sumatra Field Pangkalan Susu show that the ASTM D-86 distillation method is an efficient and reliable tool for determining the composition and volume of the fraction of crude oil. A deeper understanding of these factions is not only important for oil processing, but also for marketing strategies and product development in the future. With accurate and relevant information, PT Pertamina EP can optimize the potential of its natural resources, while supporting the sustainability and efficiency in the operation of the oil industry in Indonesia.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • The use of ASTM D-86 distillation method should be continued as a standard procedure for determining the composition and volume of crude oil fractions.
  • Further studies should be conducted to determine the suitability of the crude oil from the Pangkalan Susu field for various applications.
  • The results of this study should be used as a reference for marketing strategies and product development in the future.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

  • The study was conducted using a limited number of samples.
  • The study did not consider the effects of other factors, such as temperature and pressure, on the distillation process.
  • The study did not consider the economic and environmental implications of the results.

Future Studies

Future studies should be conducted to:

  • Determine the suitability of the crude oil from the Pangkalan Susu field for various applications.
  • Investigate the effects of other factors, such as temperature and pressure, on the distillation process.
  • Consider the economic and environmental implications of the results.

References

  • ASTM D-86, "Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure".
  • API, "Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production".
  • BP, "Statistical Review of World Energy".

Appendix

The following appendix is included:

  • Table 1: Composition of crude oil fractions.
  • Table 2: Boiling point ranges of crude oil fractions.
  • Figure 1: Distillation curve of crude oil fractions.
    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Determination of Percent of Crude Petroleum Fraction with ASTM D-86 Distillation Method at PT Pertamina EP Region Sumatra Field Pangkalan Susu

Q: What is the purpose of the ASTM D-86 distillation method?

A: The ASTM D-86 distillation method is a standard procedure for determining the composition and volume of crude oil fractions. It is used to measure the boiling point of crude oil and to determine the percentage of each fraction present in the crude oil.

Q: What are the different fractions of crude oil?

A: The different fractions of crude oil are:

  • Gasoline: a light, volatile fraction with a boiling point range of 38-204°C.
  • Kerosene: a medium, volatile fraction with a boiling point range of 138-204°C.
  • Diesel fuel: a heavy, non-volatile fraction with a boiling point range of 204-343°C.
  • Residue: a heavy, non-volatile fraction with a boiling point range of 343°C and above.

Q: What is the significance of the boiling point of crude oil?

A: The boiling point of crude oil is significant because it determines the properties of the crude oil and its suitability for various applications. For example, crude oil with a high boiling point is more suitable for use as a fuel oil, while crude oil with a low boiling point is more suitable for use as a gasoline.

Q: How is the ASTM D-86 distillation method performed?

A: The ASTM D-86 distillation method is performed by heating a sample of crude oil in a distillation apparatus and measuring the temperature and volume of the fractions as they are collected.

Q: What are the advantages of using the ASTM D-86 distillation method?

A: The advantages of using the ASTM D-86 distillation method include:

  • It is a standard procedure that is widely accepted and used in the oil industry.
  • It is a reliable and accurate method for determining the composition and volume of crude oil fractions.
  • It is a relatively simple and inexpensive method to perform.

Q: What are the limitations of the ASTM D-86 distillation method?

A: The limitations of the ASTM D-86 distillation method include:

  • It is a time-consuming and labor-intensive method to perform.
  • It requires specialized equipment and expertise to perform.
  • It may not be suitable for use with certain types of crude oil or fractions.

Q: What are the applications of the ASTM D-86 distillation method?

A: The applications of the ASTM D-86 distillation method include:

  • Determining the composition and volume of crude oil fractions.
  • Evaluating the suitability of crude oil for various applications.
  • Developing marketing strategies and product development plans.

Q: What are the future directions for the ASTM D-86 distillation method?

A: The future directions for the ASTM D-86 distillation method include:

  • Developing new and improved methods for determining the composition and volume of crude oil fractions.
  • Investigating the effects of other factors, such as temperature and pressure, on the distillation process.
  • Considering the economic and environmental implications of the results.

Q: What are the references for the ASTM D-86 distillation method?

A: The references for the ASTM D-86 distillation method include:

  • ASTM D-86, "Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure".
  • API, "Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production".
  • BP, "Statistical Review of World Energy".

Q: What are the appendices for the ASTM D-86 distillation method?

A: The appendices for the ASTM D-86 distillation method include:

  • Table 1: Composition of crude oil fractions.
  • Table 2: Boiling point ranges of crude oil fractions.
  • Figure 1: Distillation curve of crude oil fractions.