Detection Of Transformer Disorders With Dissolved Gas Analysis Using Chromatograph Gas In The Namora I Sarulla Operation Ltd

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Introduction

The electric power system is a complex network of interconnected components that work together to transmit and distribute electricity to consumers. One of the most critical components in this system is the transformer, which plays a vital role in transferring electric power from one circuit to another by changing the voltage. Good maintenance of transformers is essential to ensure they operate optimally and avoid disturbances that can lead to failure. In this article, we will discuss the detection of transformer disorders using dissolved gas analysis (DGA) with chromatograph gas in the Namora I Sarulla Operation Ltd.

The Importance of Transformer Maintenance

Transformers are a crucial component in the electric power system, and their maintenance is essential to ensure they operate efficiently and safely. Transformer failure can lead to significant economic losses, power outages, and even safety risks. Therefore, it is essential to detect any disorders or potential failures in transformers before they occur. One effective method for detecting disorders of the transformer is to analyze the gas content that is dissolved in transformer oil through testing DGA.

Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA)

DGA is a testing method used to analyze the gas content dissolved in transformer oil. The analysis is typically performed using a chromatograph (GC) gas method, which is a widely accepted and reliable technique for detecting gas components in transformer oil. The DGA testing tool is used to identify and analyze various gas components dissolved in oil, including hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), acetylene (C2H2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S).

Methods of DGA Analysis

There are four methods that can be used for DGA analysis, namely:

  • TDCG Method: This method involves analyzing the total dissolved combustible gas (TDCG) content in the transformer oil. The TDCG value is expressed in parts per million (ppm) and is used to determine the condition of the transformer.
  • Key Gas Method: This method involves analyzing the dominant gas component in the transformer oil, which is typically carbon monoxide (CO) or carbon dioxide (CO2). The presence of these gases can indicate heat stress or other issues in the transformer.
  • Roger's Ratio Method: This method involves analyzing the ratio of hydrogen (H2) to methane (CH4) in the transformer oil. The ratio is used to determine the condition of the transformer and can indicate potential failures.
  • Duval’s Triangle Method: This method involves analyzing the ratio of hydrogen (H2) to methane (CH4) and the ratio of carbon monoxide (CO) to carbon dioxide (CO2) in the transformer oil. The ratios are used to determine the condition of the transformer and can indicate potential failures.

Results of DGA Analysis

The results of the DGA analysis from the oil sample show that the TDCG value is below 720 ppm, which indicates that the transformer is normal. However, the dominant presence of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas shows indications of determination due to heat on cellulose paper in the transformer. This condition gives a warning that although TDCG shows a safe value, other components need to be further analyzed to detect potential failures.

Conclusion

In conclusion, DGA testing is an effective method for detecting disorders of transformers. The analysis of gas components in transformer oil can provide valuable information about the condition of the transformer and can help prevent potential failures. By conducting a deeper analysis using the methods mentioned, officers can identify the actual conditions of the transformer and take preventive steps to prevent failure. Therefore, DGA testing periodically is highly recommended to maintain the performance and reliability of the transformer in the long run.

Recommendations

Based on the results of the DGA analysis, the following recommendations are made:

  • Regular DGA Testing: Regular DGA testing should be conducted to monitor the condition of the transformer and detect potential failures.
  • Analysis of Other Components: Other components, such as hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), acetylene (C2H2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), should be analyzed to detect potential failures.
  • Maintenance and Improvement: The results obtained from this dissolved gas analysis can be the basis for decision making in the maintenance and improvement of the transformer in the Namora I Sarulla Operation Ltd Langit, so that the electric power system continues to run efficiently and safely.

Future Work

Future work should focus on:

  • Developing a More Accurate DGA Method: Developing a more accurate DGA method that can detect potential failures earlier and more accurately.
  • Improving the Analysis of Other Components: Improving the analysis of other components, such as hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), acetylene (C2H2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), to detect potential failures.
  • Implementing a Regular Maintenance Schedule: Implementing a regular maintenance schedule to ensure that the transformer is properly maintained and that potential failures are detected and prevented.

Q: What is the purpose of dissolved gas analysis (DGA) in transformer maintenance?

A: The purpose of DGA is to analyze the gas content dissolved in transformer oil to detect potential failures and prevent transformer failure.

Q: What are the four methods of DGA analysis?

A: The four methods of DGA analysis are:

  • TDCG Method: This method involves analyzing the total dissolved combustible gas (TDCG) content in the transformer oil.
  • Key Gas Method: This method involves analyzing the dominant gas component in the transformer oil, which is typically carbon monoxide (CO) or carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • Roger's Ratio Method: This method involves analyzing the ratio of hydrogen (H2) to methane (CH4) in the transformer oil.
  • Duval’s Triangle Method: This method involves analyzing the ratio of hydrogen (H2) to methane (CH4) and the ratio of carbon monoxide (CO) to carbon dioxide (CO2) in the transformer oil.

Q: What is the significance of the TDCG value in DGA analysis?

A: The TDCG value is expressed in parts per million (ppm) and is used to determine the condition of the transformer. A TDCG value below 720 ppm indicates that the transformer is normal.

Q: What are the indications of determination due to heat on cellulose paper in the transformer?

A: The dominant presence of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas shows indications of determination due to heat on cellulose paper in the transformer.

Q: Why is regular DGA testing recommended?

A: Regular DGA testing is recommended to monitor the condition of the transformer and detect potential failures.

Q: What are the recommendations for maintenance and improvement based on the results of the DGA analysis?

A: The results obtained from this dissolved gas analysis can be the basis for decision making in the maintenance and improvement of the transformer in the Namora I Sarulla Operation Ltd Langit, so that the electric power system continues to run efficiently and safely.

Q: What are the future work recommendations?

A: Future work should focus on:

  • Developing a More Accurate DGA Method: Developing a more accurate DGA method that can detect potential failures earlier and more accurately.
  • Improving the Analysis of Other Components: Improving the analysis of other components, such as hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), acetylene (C2H2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), to detect potential failures.
  • Implementing a Regular Maintenance Schedule: Implementing a regular maintenance schedule to ensure that the transformer is properly maintained and that potential failures are detected and prevented.

Q: What are the benefits of using DGA testing in transformer maintenance?

A: The benefits of using DGA testing in transformer maintenance include:

  • Early Detection of Potential Failures: DGA testing can detect potential failures earlier and more accurately.
  • Improved Transformer Reliability: Regular DGA testing can improve the reliability of the transformer.
  • Reduced Maintenance Costs: DGA testing can reduce maintenance costs by detecting potential failures before they occur.
  • Improved Safety: DGA testing can improve safety by detecting potential failures that can cause power outages and other safety risks.