DESIGN OF BUILDING WATER SURYA SURYA PIPE SYSTEM USING R-718 REFRIGERERS WITH VACUME Pressure Of 50 CmHG With A 300 Collector Slope Angle To Heat 120 Liters Of Water

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Design of Surya Water Heater with a Hot Pipe System Using Refrigerant R-718

Introduction

Solar energy is a renewable energy source that has great potential to be utilized, especially in tropical climates. One of the most common applications of solar energy is to heat up water. In this study, we present the design and construction of solar water heating systems using a flat plate collector, which uses R-718 refrigerant and operates at a vacuum pressure of 50 cmHg with a slope angle of 30 °. The use of solar energy for water heating shows great potential to be applied in the community, providing a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative compared to conventional water heaters that depend on fossil fuels.

System Description

The solar water heating system designed in this study consists of a flat plate collector with dimensions of 1.62 m x 1.14 m and a thickness of 8 cm. The collector is capable of heating as much as 120 liters of water and is equipped with double glazing, which consists of acrylic materials and glass to increase the efficiency of heating. The collector placement is tilted at an angle of 30 ° facing north, which is an optimal position for sunlight absorption in the tropics.

The water is accommodated in a reservoir tank located at the top of the collector, where there is a heating coil containing R-718 refrigerant which serves to speed up the heating process. This research was conducted in bright conditions to observe collector performance. The use of R-718 refrigerant is known as an environmentally friendly refrigerant because it does not contribute to global warming.

Research Result

Based on observations made, there are several significant results from this water heating system:

  1. Water Heating: Water with a capacity of 120 liters can be heated from 08.00 WIB until 16.00 WIB, reaching a temperature of 50.37 ° C.
  2. Total Energy Received: Collector tilted 30 ° Receives Total Energy (Qin) of 17,916 MJ.
  3. Thermal Efficiency Collector: The thermal efficiency of the collector (η) that was successfully achieved was 55.97%.

Analysis and Benefits

The use of solar energy for water heating shows great potential to be applied in the community. With an efficiency that reaches almost 56%, this system can be a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative compared to conventional water heaters that depend on fossil fuels. The use of double glazing in collectors increases heat storage capacity and reduces heat loss during the heating process.

Another advantage of this system is the ease of maintenance and installation. This simple but effective design allows people to use solar energy directly and can reduce energy costs in the long run. The use of R-718 refrigerant is also an environmentally friendly option, as it does not contribute to global warming.

Comparison with Conventional Systems

Conventional water heaters that depend on fossil fuels are not only environmentally unfriendly but also expensive to operate. In contrast, the solar water heating system designed in this study is a cost-effective and sustainable alternative. The system can be installed and maintained easily, reducing energy costs in the long run.

Conclusion

With the results of this study, it can be concluded that the design and construction of solar water heating systems using a flat plate collector with R-718 refrigerant is an effective step in utilizing renewable energy. With good efficiency and potential to be implemented on a scale of society, this technology can be a solution to the needs of sustainable water warming in tropical areas. Further development in this system can improve its performance and make the use of solar energy wider among the community.

Future Directions

Further research is needed to improve the performance of the solar water heating system designed in this study. Some possible areas of research include:

  • Improving the thermal efficiency of the collector
  • Increasing the capacity of the system to heat larger amounts of water
  • Developing more efficient and environmentally friendly refrigerants
  • Exploring the use of solar energy for other applications, such as space heating and cooling.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  • The use of solar energy for water heating should be promoted and encouraged in tropical areas.
  • The design and construction of solar water heating systems using a flat plate collector with R-718 refrigerant should be replicated and scaled up.
  • Further research should be conducted to improve the performance and efficiency of the system.
  • The use of R-718 refrigerant should be promoted as an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional refrigerants.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

  • The system was designed and tested in a small scale, and further research is needed to scale up the system.
  • The study was conducted in bright conditions, and further research is needed to test the system in different weather conditions.
  • The study did not explore the use of solar energy for other applications, such as space heating and cooling.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the design and construction of solar water heating systems using a flat plate collector with R-718 refrigerant is an effective step in utilizing renewable energy. With good efficiency and potential to be implemented on a scale of society, this technology can be a solution to the needs of sustainable water warming in tropical areas. Further development in this system can improve its performance and make the use of solar energy wider among the community.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Design of Surya Water Heater with a Hot Pipe System Using Refrigerant R-718

Q: What is the purpose of the Surya Water Heater system?

A: The Surya Water Heater system is designed to heat water using solar energy, providing a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional water heaters that depend on fossil fuels.

Q: How does the Surya Water Heater system work?

A: The system consists of a flat plate collector with R-718 refrigerant, which absorbs solar energy and heats the water in the reservoir tank. The heated water is then stored in a tank for later use.

Q: What are the benefits of using the Surya Water Heater system?

A: The system offers several benefits, including:

  • Sustainable and environmentally friendly
  • Cost-effective
  • Easy to install and maintain
  • High thermal efficiency (55.97%)
  • Uses environmentally friendly refrigerant (R-718)

Q: What is the capacity of the Surya Water Heater system?

A: The system is designed to heat 120 liters of water.

Q: How long does it take to heat the water?

A: The system can heat the water from 08.00 WIB until 16.00 WIB, reaching a temperature of 50.37 ° C.

Q: What is the total energy received by the collector?

A: The collector receives a total energy of 17,916 MJ.

Q: Is the Surya Water Heater system suitable for tropical areas?

A: Yes, the system is designed for tropical areas and can be installed and maintained easily.

Q: Can the Surya Water Heater system be used for other applications?

A: Yes, the system can be used for other applications, such as space heating and cooling, with further research and development.

Q: What are the limitations of the Surya Water Heater system?

A: The system has several limitations, including:

  • Small scale design
  • Limited testing in different weather conditions
  • Limited exploration of other applications

Q: What are the future directions for the Surya Water Heater system?

A: Further research is needed to improve the performance and efficiency of the system, including:

  • Improving the thermal efficiency of the collector
  • Increasing the capacity of the system
  • Developing more efficient and environmentally friendly refrigerants
  • Exploring the use of solar energy for other applications

Q: Can the Surya Water Heater system be replicated and scaled up?

A: Yes, the system can be replicated and scaled up with further research and development.

Q: What are the recommendations for the Surya Water Heater system?

A: The following recommendations are made:

  • Promote the use of solar energy for water heating in tropical areas
  • Replicate and scale up the system
  • Conduct further research to improve the performance and efficiency of the system
  • Promote the use of R-718 refrigerant as an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional refrigerants.