Consider The Word Equation:Calcium Hydroxide + Hydrochloric Acid \[$\rightarrow\$\] Calcium Chloride + WaterWhich Is The Corresponding Formula Equation?A. \[$CaCl_2 (l) \rightarrow Ca (s) + Cl_2 (g)\$\]B. \[$CaO (s) + H_2O (l)

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Understanding the Word Equation

A word equation is a chemical reaction written in words, describing the reactants and products involved in the reaction. The given word equation is:

Calcium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid → calcium chloride + water

This equation tells us that when calcium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid, it produces calcium chloride and water.

Writing the Formula Equation

A formula equation is a chemical reaction written using chemical formulas, representing the reactants and products involved in the reaction. To write the formula equation, we need to identify the chemical formulas of the reactants and products.

The chemical formula for calcium hydroxide is Ca(OH)2, and the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid is HCl. The chemical formula for calcium chloride is CaCl2, and the chemical formula for water is H2O.

Option A: Incorrect Formula Equation

Option A is:

CaCl2 (l) → Ca (s) + Cl2 (g)

This equation is incorrect because it does not represent the reactants and products of the given word equation. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is a product, not a reactant. Additionally, the equation shows calcium (Ca) as a solid (s) and chlorine gas (Cl2) as a product, which is not consistent with the given word equation.

Option B: Correct Formula Equation

Option B is:

Ca(OH)2 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l)

This equation represents the reactants and products of the given word equation. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is a solid (s) and reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in an aqueous solution (aq) to produce calcium chloride (CaCl2) in an aqueous solution (aq) and water (H2O) in a liquid state (l).

Balancing the Chemical Equation

To balance the chemical equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides. In this case, the equation is already balanced.

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Identify the reactants and products: The reactants are calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), and the products are calcium chloride (CaCl2) and water (H2O).
  2. Write the formula equation: The formula equation is Ca(OH)2 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l).
  3. Balance the chemical equation: The equation is already balanced.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the correct formula equation for the given word equation is Ca(OH)2 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l). This equation represents the reactants and products of the given word equation and is balanced.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

When writing formula equations, it's essential to avoid common mistakes such as:

  • Incorrect chemical formulas: Make sure to use the correct chemical formulas for the reactants and products.
  • Incorrect states of matter: Ensure that the states of matter (solid, liquid, gas, or aqueous solution) are correct for each substance.
  • Unbalanced equations: Verify that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Practice Problems

To practice writing formula equations, try the following problems:

  1. Write the formula equation for the word equation: Sodium (Na) + Chlorine (Cl2) → Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
  2. Write the formula equation for the word equation: Hydrogen Gas (H2) + Oxygen Gas (O2) → Water (H2O)
  3. Write the formula equation for the word equation: Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) + Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) → Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) + Water (H2O)

Answer Key

  1. Na (s) + Cl2 (g) → 2NaCl (s)
  2. 2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (l)
  3. CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Q: What is a word equation?

A: A word equation is a chemical reaction written in words, describing the reactants and products involved in the reaction.

Q: What is a formula equation?

A: A formula equation is a chemical reaction written using chemical formulas, representing the reactants and products involved in the reaction.

Q: How do I write a formula equation from a word equation?

A: To write a formula equation from a word equation, you need to identify the chemical formulas of the reactants and products. Then, use these formulas to write the equation.

Q: What are the steps to balance a chemical equation?

A: The steps to balance a chemical equation are:

  1. Write the unbalanced equation: Write the equation with the reactants on the left and the products on the right.
  2. Count the atoms: Count the number of atoms of each element on both the reactant and product sides.
  3. Balance the equation: Add coefficients (numbers in front of the formulas) to balance the equation.
  4. Check the balance: Verify that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Q: What is the difference between a solid, liquid, gas, and aqueous solution?

A: A solid is a substance that keeps its shape and volume. A liquid is a substance that takes the shape of its container and has a fixed volume. A gas is a substance that has neither shape nor volume. An aqueous solution is a mixture of a substance dissolved in water.

Q: How do I know if an equation is balanced?

A: An equation is balanced if the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Q: What are some common mistakes to avoid when balancing chemical equations?

A: Some common mistakes to avoid when balancing chemical equations include:

  • Incorrect chemical formulas: Make sure to use the correct chemical formulas for the reactants and products.
  • Incorrect states of matter: Ensure that the states of matter (solid, liquid, gas, or aqueous solution) are correct for each substance.
  • Unbalanced equations: Verify that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Q: How do I practice balancing chemical equations?

A: You can practice balancing chemical equations by trying the following problems:

  1. Write the formula equation for the word equation: Sodium (Na) + Chlorine (Cl2) → Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
  2. Write the formula equation for the word equation: Hydrogen Gas (H2) + Oxygen Gas (O2) → Water (H2O)
  3. Write the formula equation for the word equation: Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) + Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) → Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) + Water (H2O)

Q: What are some real-world applications of balancing chemical equations?

A: Balancing chemical equations has many real-world applications, including:

  • Chemical engineering: Balancing chemical equations is essential in chemical engineering to design and optimize chemical processes.
  • Pharmaceuticals: Balancing chemical equations is crucial in pharmaceuticals to ensure the correct composition of medications.
  • Environmental science: Balancing chemical equations is important in environmental science to understand and mitigate the effects of chemical reactions on the environment.

By following these steps and practicing with sample problems, you'll become proficient in balancing chemical equations and applying this skill to real-world problems.