Consider The Reaction Below.${ C_2H_4(g) + H_2(g) \rightarrow C_2H_6(g) }$Which Change Would Likely Cause The Greatest Increase In The Rate Of The Reaction?A. Decrease Temperature And Decrease Pressure B. Increase Temperature And Decrease

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The given reaction is a simple example of a chemical reaction, where ethene (C2H4) reacts with hydrogen gas (H2) to form ethane (C2H6). This reaction is a type of addition reaction, where two molecules combine to form a new compound. Understanding the factors that affect the rate of this reaction is crucial in optimizing its outcome.

Factors Affecting Reaction Rate

The rate of a chemical reaction is influenced by several factors, including:

  • Temperature: Increasing the temperature of a reaction generally increases the rate of reaction. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy for the reactant molecules to collide and react.
  • Pressure: Increasing the pressure of a reaction can also increase the rate of reaction, especially for reactions involving gases. This is because higher pressures result in more frequent collisions between reactant molecules.
  • Concentration: Increasing the concentration of reactants can also increase the rate of reaction, as there are more molecules available to collide and react.
  • Catalysts: The presence of a catalyst can also increase the rate of reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.

Analyzing the Options

Now, let's analyze the options provided to determine which change would likely cause the greatest increase in the rate of the reaction.

Option A: Decrease Temperature and Decrease Pressure

Decreasing the temperature and pressure of the reaction would likely have a negative effect on the rate of reaction. Lower temperatures would result in fewer collisions between reactant molecules, while lower pressures would result in fewer collisions due to the reduced frequency of molecular interactions.

Option B: Increase Temperature and Decrease Pressure

Increasing the temperature of the reaction would likely increase the rate of reaction, as more energy would be available for the reactant molecules to collide and react. However, decreasing the pressure of the reaction would likely have a negative effect on the rate of reaction, as fewer collisions would occur due to the reduced frequency of molecular interactions.

Option C: Increase Temperature and Increase Pressure

Increasing both the temperature and pressure of the reaction would likely have a positive effect on the rate of reaction. Higher temperatures would provide more energy for the reactant molecules to collide and react, while higher pressures would result in more frequent collisions between reactant molecules.

Option D: Decrease Temperature and Increase Pressure

Decreasing the temperature of the reaction would likely have a negative effect on the rate of reaction, as fewer collisions would occur due to the reduced energy available for molecular interactions. Increasing the pressure of the reaction would likely have a positive effect on the rate of reaction, as more frequent collisions would occur between reactant molecules.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis of the options, the change that would likely cause the greatest increase in the rate of the reaction is to increase the temperature and pressure of the reaction. This would provide more energy for the reactant molecules to collide and react, while also increasing the frequency of molecular interactions.

Key Takeaways

  • Increasing the temperature of a reaction generally increases the rate of reaction.
  • Increasing the pressure of a reaction can also increase the rate of reaction, especially for reactions involving gases.
  • Decreasing the temperature and pressure of a reaction would likely have a negative effect on the rate of reaction.
  • The presence of a catalyst can also increase the rate of reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.

References

  • Atkins, P. W., & De Paula, J. (2010). Physical chemistry. Oxford University Press.
  • Chang, R. (2010). Chemistry. McGraw-Hill.
  • Moore, J. W., & Stanitski, C. L. (2013). Chemistry: The Central Science. Prentice Hall.
    Frequently Asked Questions: Understanding the Reaction and Optimizing Rate ====================================================================

The reaction between ethene (C2H4) and hydrogen gas (H2) to form ethane (C2H6) is a fundamental concept in chemistry. Understanding the factors that affect the rate of this reaction is crucial in optimizing its outcome. Here are some frequently asked questions and answers to help you better comprehend the reaction and its optimization.

Q: What is the activation energy of the reaction?

A: The activation energy of the reaction is the minimum amount of energy required for the reactant molecules to collide and react. In the case of the reaction between ethene and hydrogen gas, the activation energy is relatively low, making it a relatively fast reaction.

Q: How does temperature affect the rate of the reaction?

A: Temperature has a significant impact on the rate of the reaction. Increasing the temperature of the reaction generally increases the rate of reaction, as more energy is available for the reactant molecules to collide and react. However, if the temperature is too high, it can lead to the formation of unwanted byproducts or even the decomposition of the reactants.

Q: What is the effect of pressure on the rate of the reaction?

A: Pressure also has a significant impact on the rate of the reaction. Increasing the pressure of the reaction can increase the rate of reaction, especially for reactions involving gases. This is because higher pressures result in more frequent collisions between reactant molecules.

Q: Can a catalyst be used to increase the rate of the reaction?

A: Yes, a catalyst can be used to increase the rate of the reaction. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed or altered in the process. In the case of the reaction between ethene and hydrogen gas, a catalyst such as palladium or platinum can be used to increase the rate of reaction.

Q: What is the effect of concentration on the rate of the reaction?

A: Concentration also has an impact on the rate of the reaction. Increasing the concentration of reactants can increase the rate of reaction, as there are more molecules available to collide and react.

Q: Can the reaction be optimized by changing the reaction conditions?

A: Yes, the reaction can be optimized by changing the reaction conditions. For example, increasing the temperature and pressure of the reaction can increase the rate of reaction. Additionally, using a catalyst or increasing the concentration of reactants can also optimize the reaction.

Q: What are some common mistakes to avoid when optimizing the reaction?

A: Some common mistakes to avoid when optimizing the reaction include:

  • Increasing the temperature too high, which can lead to the formation of unwanted byproducts or even the decomposition of the reactants.
  • Increasing the pressure too high, which can lead to the formation of unwanted byproducts or even the decomposition of the reactants.
  • Using a catalyst that is not suitable for the reaction, which can lead to the formation of unwanted byproducts or even the decomposition of the reactants.
  • Increasing the concentration of reactants too high, which can lead to the formation of unwanted byproducts or even the decomposition of the reactants.

Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding the factors that affect the rate of the reaction between ethene and hydrogen gas is crucial in optimizing its outcome. By changing the reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and concentration, and using a catalyst, the reaction can be optimized to produce the desired product in a more efficient and effective manner.

Key Takeaways

  • Temperature has a significant impact on the rate of the reaction.
  • Pressure also has a significant impact on the rate of the reaction.
  • A catalyst can be used to increase the rate of the reaction.
  • Concentration also has an impact on the rate of the reaction.
  • The reaction can be optimized by changing the reaction conditions.

References

  • Atkins, P. W., & De Paula, J. (2010). Physical chemistry. Oxford University Press.
  • Chang, R. (2010). Chemistry. McGraw-Hill.
  • Moore, J. W., & Stanitski, C. L. (2013). Chemistry: The Central Science. Prentice Hall.