Consider The Equation:${ 2 H_2(g) + O_2(g) \longrightarrow 2 H_2O(g) }$Which Represents The Correct Mass-volume Relationship At STP?A. 32.00 G Of { \text{O}_2$}$ React With An Excess Of { \text{H}_2$}$ To Produce [$2

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Introduction

Chemical reactions involve the transformation of one or more substances into new substances. These reactions are governed by the laws of thermodynamics and the principles of stoichiometry. One of the fundamental concepts in stoichiometry is the mass-volume relationship, which describes the quantitative relationship between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. In this article, we will explore the mass-volume relationship in the context of the equation: 2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(g).

The Importance of Mass-Volume Relationships

Mass-volume relationships are crucial in understanding the quantitative aspects of chemical reactions. They help us predict the amount of reactants and products involved in a reaction, which is essential in various fields such as chemistry, biology, and engineering. In the context of the given equation, the mass-volume relationship is essential in determining the amount of oxygen required to react with hydrogen to produce water.

The Given Equation

The given equation is: 2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(g). This equation represents the combustion of hydrogen gas in the presence of oxygen gas to produce water vapor. The equation is balanced, meaning that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Understanding the Mass-Volume Relationship

To understand the mass-volume relationship in the given equation, we need to consider the molar masses of the reactants and products. The molar mass of hydrogen gas (H2) is 2.02 g/mol, while the molar mass of oxygen gas (O2) is 32.00 g/mol. The molar mass of water vapor (H2O) is 18.02 g/mol.

Calculating the Mass-Volume Relationship

To calculate the mass-volume relationship, we need to consider the stoichiometry of the reaction. The balanced equation indicates that 2 moles of hydrogen gas react with 1 mole of oxygen gas to produce 2 moles of water vapor. We can use this information to calculate the mass-volume relationship.

Calculating the Mass of Oxygen Required

To calculate the mass of oxygen required to react with hydrogen, we need to consider the molar mass of oxygen gas. The molar mass of oxygen gas is 32.00 g/mol. Since 1 mole of oxygen gas is required to react with 2 moles of hydrogen gas, the mass of oxygen required is:

Mass of oxygen = Molar mass of oxygen x Number of moles of oxygen = 32.00 g/mol x 1 mol = 32.00 g

Calculating the Mass of Hydrogen Required

To calculate the mass of hydrogen required to react with oxygen, we need to consider the molar mass of hydrogen gas. The molar mass of hydrogen gas is 2.02 g/mol. Since 2 moles of hydrogen gas are required to react with 1 mole of oxygen gas, the mass of hydrogen required is:

Mass of hydrogen = Molar mass of hydrogen x Number of moles of hydrogen = 2.02 g/mol x 2 mol = 4.04 g

Calculating the Mass of Water Produced

To calculate the mass of water produced, we need to consider the molar mass of water vapor. The molar mass of water vapor is 18.02 g/mol. Since 2 moles of water vapor are produced, the mass of water produced is:

Mass of water = Molar mass of water x Number of moles of water = 18.02 g/mol x 2 mol = 36.04 g

Conclusion

In conclusion, the mass-volume relationship in the given equation is essential in understanding the quantitative aspects of the reaction. By considering the molar masses of the reactants and products, we can calculate the mass-volume relationship. The mass of oxygen required to react with hydrogen is 32.00 g, while the mass of hydrogen required is 4.04 g. The mass of water produced is 36.04 g.

Answer to the Question

The correct mass-volume relationship at STP is:

32.00 g of O2 react with an excess of H2 to produce 36.04 g of H2O.

References

  • Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, by Steven S. Zumdahl
  • General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications, by Linus Pauling
  • Chemistry: The Central Science, by Theodore L. Brown
    Q&A: Understanding Mass-Volume Relationships in Chemical Reactions ====================================================================

Introduction

In our previous article, we explored the mass-volume relationship in the context of the equation: 2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(g). We discussed the importance of mass-volume relationships in understanding the quantitative aspects of chemical reactions. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions related to mass-volume relationships in chemical reactions.

Q: What is the mass-volume relationship in a chemical reaction?

A: The mass-volume relationship in a chemical reaction is the quantitative relationship between the reactants and products in a reaction. It describes the amount of reactants and products involved in a reaction.

Q: How do I calculate the mass-volume relationship in a chemical reaction?

A: To calculate the mass-volume relationship in a chemical reaction, you need to consider the molar masses of the reactants and products. You can use the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of each reactant and product involved in the reaction. Then, you can use the molar masses to calculate the mass of each reactant and product.

Q: What is the difference between mass and volume in a chemical reaction?

A: Mass and volume are two different physical properties of a substance. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in a substance, while volume is a measure of the space occupied by a substance. In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants and products remains constant, but the volume may change.

Q: How do I determine the mass of a reactant or product in a chemical reaction?

A: To determine the mass of a reactant or product in a chemical reaction, you need to know the molar mass of the substance and the number of moles involved in the reaction. You can use the formula: mass = molar mass x number of moles.

Q: What is the significance of the mass-volume relationship in a chemical reaction?

A: The mass-volume relationship in a chemical reaction is significant because it helps us predict the amount of reactants and products involved in a reaction. This is essential in various fields such as chemistry, biology, and engineering.

Q: Can the mass-volume relationship be affected by external factors such as temperature and pressure?

A: Yes, the mass-volume relationship in a chemical reaction can be affected by external factors such as temperature and pressure. Changes in temperature and pressure can alter the rate of reaction and the amount of reactants and products involved.

Q: How do I apply the mass-volume relationship in real-world scenarios?

A: The mass-volume relationship can be applied in various real-world scenarios such as:

  • Calculating the amount of reactants and products required for a chemical reaction
  • Determining the yield of a chemical reaction
  • Predicting the amount of waste produced in a chemical reaction
  • Designing chemical reactors and processes

Conclusion

In conclusion, the mass-volume relationship in chemical reactions is a fundamental concept that helps us understand the quantitative aspects of chemical reactions. By understanding the mass-volume relationship, we can predict the amount of reactants and products involved in a reaction and apply this knowledge in various real-world scenarios.

References

  • Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, by Steven S. Zumdahl
  • General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications, by Linus Pauling
  • Chemistry: The Central Science, by Theodore L. Brown