Complete Combustion Of A 0.350 G Sample Of A Compound In A Bomb Calorimeter Releases 14.0 KJ Of Heat. The Bomb Calorimeter Has A Mass Of 1.20 Kg And A Specific Heat Of 3.55 J/g ⋅ ∘ C 3.55 \, \text{J/g} \cdot { }^{\circ} \text{C} 3.55 J/g ⋅ ∘ C .If The Initial Temperature

Introduction

A bomb calorimeter is a device used to measure the heat of combustion of a substance. It is a sealed vessel that contains the sample being tested, and it is designed to withstand the high pressures generated during combustion. In this article, we will discuss the complete combustion of a 0.350 g sample of a compound in a bomb calorimeter and calculate the heat of reaction.

The Bomb Calorimeter

A bomb calorimeter is a device that consists of a sealed vessel, known as a bomb, which is surrounded by a water jacket. The bomb is made of a heat-resistant material, such as steel or copper, and it is designed to withstand the high pressures generated during combustion. The water jacket is used to absorb the heat generated during combustion, and it is typically filled with a known mass of water.

The Experiment

In this experiment, a 0.350 g sample of a compound is placed in the bomb calorimeter, and it is ignited to produce a complete combustion reaction. The heat generated during combustion is absorbed by the water jacket, and it is measured using a thermometer. The initial temperature of the water jacket is 20.0°C, and the final temperature is 22.5°C.

Calculating the Heat of Reaction

To calculate the heat of reaction, we need to use the following equation:

Q = mcΔT

where Q is the heat of reaction, m is the mass of the water jacket, c is the specific heat of the water jacket, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Step 1: Calculate the Mass of the Water Jacket

The mass of the water jacket is given as 1.20 kg. We can convert this to grams by multiplying by 1000:

m = 1.20 kg x 1000 g/kg = 1200 g

Step 2: Calculate the Change in Temperature

The initial temperature of the water jacket is 20.0°C, and the final temperature is 22.5°C. We can calculate the change in temperature as follows:

ΔT = Tfinal - Tinitial = 22.5°C - 20.0°C = 2.5°C

Step 3: Calculate the Heat of Reaction

We can now calculate the heat of reaction using the equation:

Q = mcΔT

Substituting the values, we get:

Q = 1200 g x 3.55 J/g°C x 2.5°C = 10650 J

We can convert this to kilojoules by dividing by 1000:

Q = 10650 J / 1000 = 10.65 kJ

Conclusion

In this article, we have discussed the complete combustion of a 0.350 g sample of a compound in a bomb calorimeter and calculated the heat of reaction. We have used the equation Q = mcΔT to calculate the heat of reaction, and we have found that it is 10.65 kJ. This value represents the heat of combustion of the compound, and it can be used to determine the energy released during combustion.

Calculating the Heat of Reaction per Gram

To calculate the heat of reaction per gram, we need to divide the heat of reaction by the mass of the sample:

Q/g = Q / m = 10.65 kJ / 0.350 g = 30.43 kJ/g

This value represents the heat of combustion per gram of the compound, and it can be used to determine the energy released during combustion.

Calculating the Heat of Reaction per Mole

To calculate the heat of reaction per mole, we need to know the molar mass of the compound. Let's assume that the molar mass of the compound is 100 g/mol. We can calculate the heat of reaction per mole as follows:

Q/mol = Q/g x molar mass = 30.43 kJ/g x 100 g/mol = 3043 kJ/mol

This value represents the heat of combustion per mole of the compound, and it can be used to determine the energy released during combustion.

Conclusion

Introduction

A bomb calorimeter is a device used to measure the heat of combustion of a substance. It is a sealed vessel that contains the sample being tested, and it is designed to withstand the high pressures generated during combustion. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions about bomb calorimeters and the process of calculating the heat of reaction.

Q: What is a bomb calorimeter?

A bomb calorimeter is a device used to measure the heat of combustion of a substance. It is a sealed vessel that contains the sample being tested, and it is designed to withstand the high pressures generated during combustion.

Q: How does a bomb calorimeter work?

A bomb calorimeter works by surrounding the sample being tested with a known mass of water. The sample is then ignited to produce a complete combustion reaction. The heat generated during combustion is absorbed by the water, and it is measured using a thermometer.

Q: What is the heat of reaction?

The heat of reaction is the amount of heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. In the case of a bomb calorimeter, the heat of reaction is the amount of heat released during the combustion of the sample.

Q: How is the heat of reaction calculated?

The heat of reaction is calculated using the equation Q = mcΔT, where Q is the heat of reaction, m is the mass of the water, c is the specific heat of the water, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Q: What is the specific heat of water?

The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g°C. This value is used in the calculation of the heat of reaction.

Q: How is the mass of the water calculated?

The mass of the water is typically given in the experiment. If it is not given, it can be calculated by measuring the volume of the water and using the density of water (1 g/mL).

Q: What is the change in temperature (ΔT)?

The change in temperature (ΔT) is the difference between the final temperature and the initial temperature of the water.

Q: How is the heat of reaction per gram calculated?

The heat of reaction per gram is calculated by dividing the heat of reaction by the mass of the sample.

Q: How is the heat of reaction per mole calculated?

The heat of reaction per mole is calculated by multiplying the heat of reaction per gram by the molar mass of the sample.

Q: What are some common applications of bomb calorimeters?

Bomb calorimeters are commonly used in chemistry and physics to measure the heat of combustion of substances. They are also used in the food industry to measure the energy content of foods.

Q: What are some limitations of bomb calorimeters?

Bomb calorimeters have some limitations, including:

• They can only measure the heat of combustion of a substance at a specific temperature and pressure.
• They can be affected by the presence of impurities in the sample.
• They can be affected by the presence of air in the bomb.

Conclusion

In this article, we have answered some frequently asked questions about bomb calorimeters and the process of calculating the heat of reaction. We have discussed the working of a bomb calorimeter, the calculation of the heat of reaction, and some common applications and limitations of bomb calorimeters.