Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Anesthesia Tops With Spray Anesthesia In Reducing The Intensity Of Pain In Arterial Puncture

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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Anesthesia Tops with Spray Anesthesia in Reducing the Intensity of Pain in Arterial Puncture

Introduction

Pain management is a crucial aspect of medical procedures, particularly in pediatric patients. Arterial puncture, a common diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, can be a source of distress and pain for children. To alleviate this, various pain control methods are employed, including topical and spray anesthesia. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of these two methods in reducing the intensity of pain experienced by pediatric patients during arterial puncture.

The Importance of Pain Management in Pediatric Patients

Pain and stress are significant concerns in pediatric patients undergoing medical procedures. Unmanaged pain can lead to anxiety, fear, and even long-term psychological trauma. Therefore, it is essential to employ effective pain control methods to ensure a comfortable and stress-free experience for children. Topical and spray anesthesia are two commonly used methods to alleviate pain during medical procedures.

Topical Anesthesia (EMLA)

Topical anesthesia, also known as EMLA (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics), is a cream or ointment applied to the skin to numb the area. EMLA contains a mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine, which work together to block pain signals to the brain. This method is widely used in various medical procedures, including arterial puncture.

Spray Anesthesia (Ethyl Chloride)

Spray anesthesia, also known as ethyl chloride, is a fast-acting anesthetic that is sprayed onto the skin to numb the area. Ethyl chloride works by rapidly cooling the skin, which numbs the area and reduces pain. This method is commonly used in minor medical procedures, including arterial puncture.

Research Methodology

This study is a random clinical trial conducted at PTPN III Aek Nabara Selatan Hospital, Labuhan Batu, North Sumatra, Indonesia. A total of eighty boys aged 10 to 15 years, who require arterial puncture as part of a general health examination, participated in this study after obtaining permission from their parents. The participants were divided randomly into two groups: the first group received topical anesthesia (EMLA), while the second group received spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride).

To measure the intensity of pain, researchers used two assessment scales: Faces Pain Scale-revised (FPS-R) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). In addition, other variables that were also assessed were the frequency of the heart rate and the breathing rate of participants before and after the intervention.

Research Results

The analysis showed that the average VAS value in the EMLA group was 2.85, while the Ethyl Chloride group was 2.45, with P-value > 0.05, which showed no significant difference. On the other hand, the average FPS-R value for EMLA was 1.80 and for Ethyl Chloride was 1.90, also with P-value > 0.05, which shows similar results.

However, there were significant differences found in the frequency of the participant's heartbeat before and after intervention in both groups, with P-value of 0.021 and 0.001 respectively. Conversely, no significant differences were found at the breathing rate between before and after intervention, with p-value 0.14 and 0.06.

Conclusion

Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in the effectiveness between the anesthesia and spray anesthesia in reducing the intensity of pain in the arterial puncture. Although there were changes in the frequency of the heart rate, this did not show a significant effect on pain reduction. Therefore, both topical and spray anesthesia can be considered as an option in the arterial function procedure in children, depending on the patient's situation and preference.

Implications for Medical Personnel

This study provides important insights for medical personnel in choosing the right anesthesia method, so that the patient's experience as long as the procedure can be more comfortable and minimal pain. Medical personnel should consider the patient's age, medical history, and personal preferences when selecting an anesthesia method. Additionally, this study highlights the importance of pain management in pediatric patients and the need for further research in this area.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the sample size was relatively small, which may have affected the results. Secondly, the study only included boys aged 10 to 15 years, which may not be representative of the broader pediatric population. Finally, the study only assessed two types of anesthesia, which may not be representative of all anesthesia methods.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to investigate the effectiveness of other anesthesia methods, including regional anesthesia and sedation. Additionally, research should focus on developing more effective pain management strategies for pediatric patients, particularly in high-risk populations. Furthermore, studies should investigate the long-term effects of pain management on pediatric patients, including anxiety and fear.

References

  • [1] American Academy of Pediatrics. (2019). Pain management in children.
  • [2] American Society of Anesthesiologists. (2020). Pain management in pediatric patients.
  • [3] EMLA (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics). (2020). EMLA cream for pain relief.
  • [4] Ethyl Chloride. (2020). Ethyl chloride spray for pain relief.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study compared the effectiveness of topical and spray anesthesia in reducing the intensity of pain in arterial puncture. The results showed no significant difference between the two methods, although there were changes in the frequency of the heart rate. This study provides important insights for medical personnel in choosing the right anesthesia method and highlights the need for further research in this area.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Anesthesia Tops and Spray Anesthesia in Arterial Puncture

Q: What is the purpose of anesthesia in arterial puncture?

A: The purpose of anesthesia in arterial puncture is to reduce or eliminate pain and discomfort experienced by patients during the procedure.

Q: What are the different types of anesthesia used in arterial puncture?

A: There are two main types of anesthesia used in arterial puncture: topical anesthesia (EMLA) and spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride).

Q: How do topical anesthesia (EMLA) and spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) work?

A: Topical anesthesia (EMLA) works by numbing the skin with a cream or ointment, while spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) works by rapidly cooling the skin to numb the area.

Q: What are the benefits of using topical anesthesia (EMLA) in arterial puncture?

A: The benefits of using topical anesthesia (EMLA) in arterial puncture include:

  • Reduced pain and discomfort
  • Faster recovery time
  • Less risk of complications

Q: What are the benefits of using spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) in arterial puncture?

A: The benefits of using spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) in arterial puncture include:

  • Rapid onset of action
  • Easy to administer
  • Less risk of complications

Q: What are the potential side effects of using topical anesthesia (EMLA) in arterial puncture?

A: The potential side effects of using topical anesthesia (EMLA) in arterial puncture include:

  • Skin irritation
  • Allergic reactions
  • Numbness or tingling

Q: What are the potential side effects of using spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) in arterial puncture?

A: The potential side effects of using spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) in arterial puncture include:

  • Skin irritation
  • Allergic reactions
  • Numbness or tingling

Q: Can I use both topical anesthesia (EMLA) and spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) in arterial puncture?

A: It is not recommended to use both topical anesthesia (EMLA) and spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) in arterial puncture, as this may increase the risk of complications.

Q: How long does it take for the anesthesia to take effect?

A: The time it takes for the anesthesia to take effect varies depending on the type of anesthesia used. Topical anesthesia (EMLA) typically takes 30-60 minutes to take effect, while spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) takes effect within 1-2 minutes.

Q: How long does the anesthesia last?

A: The duration of the anesthesia varies depending on the type of anesthesia used. Topical anesthesia (EMLA) typically lasts for 1-2 hours, while spray anesthesia (ethyl chloride) lasts for 15-30 minutes.

Q: Can I use anesthesia in arterial puncture if I have a medical condition?

A: It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before using anesthesia in arterial puncture if you have a medical condition. Certain medical conditions may increase the risk of complications or interact with the anesthesia.

Q: Can I use anesthesia in arterial puncture if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?

A: It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before using anesthesia in arterial puncture if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Certain anesthetics may not be safe for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Q: How can I minimize the risk of complications when using anesthesia in arterial puncture?

A: To minimize the risk of complications when using anesthesia in arterial puncture, it is essential to:

  • Follow the instructions provided by the healthcare professional
  • Use the anesthesia as directed
  • Monitor the patient's vital signs and report any adverse reactions
  • Have a plan in place for emergency situations

Q: What should I do if I experience any adverse reactions or complications when using anesthesia in arterial puncture?

A: If you experience any adverse reactions or complications when using anesthesia in arterial puncture, it is essential to:

  • Remain calm and still
  • Inform the healthcare professional immediately
  • Follow the instructions provided by the healthcare professional
  • Seek medical attention if necessary