Comparison Of Characteristics And Incidence Of Migraine Among Students Of The Faculty Of Medicine, University Of North Sumatra, Class Of 2012 With 2013

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Comparison of Characteristics and Incidence of Migraine among Students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra, Class of 2012 and 2013

Migraine is a type of headache disorder that has been a significant concern in the medical world, particularly among students. The term "migraine" originates from the Greek word "hemikrania," which has been translated into various languages, including Latin as "hemigrenea" and France as "migraine." This disorder often affects the quality of life of the sufferer, including students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra (FK USU). The study aims to compare the characteristics and incidence of migraine among USU FK students for the class of 2012 and 2013.

Prevalence of Migraine among Students

Migraine is a common disorder that affects a significant number of students worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), migraine is one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting approximately 15% of the global population. In Indonesia, the prevalence of migraine among students is estimated to be around 20-30%. The high prevalence of migraine among students is a concern, as it can significantly impact their academic performance and overall quality of life.

This study employed a descriptive research design using a total sampling technique, which involved all USU FK students for the class of 2012 and 2013. Data was collected through a questionnaire to identify the characteristics and impacts of migraine on students. The questionnaire consisted of questions related to demographic information, symptoms of migraine, and the impact of migraine on daily activities.

The results of the study showed that all students from the 2012 class (517 students, 100%) and the 2013 class (470 students, 100%) had experienced migraine, resulting in a total of 987 students affected. The age group that experienced the most migraine was 21-22 years old students, with 240 students (46.4%) from the class of 2012 and 240 students (51.1%) from the class of 2013.

General Characteristics

Age Group

The age group that experienced the most migraine was 21-22 years old students, with 240 students (46.4%) from the class of 2012 and 240 students (51.1%) from the class of 2013. This age group is considered a critical period for students, as they are in the midst of their academic studies and are exposed to various stressors.

Gender

The number of female students who experienced migraine was higher than men, with 263 students (50.9%) from the class of 2012 and 244 students (51.9%) from the class of 2013. This finding is consistent with previous studies that have shown a higher prevalence of migraine among female students.

Ethnicity

From an ethnic perspective, the Batak tribe had the highest number of students who experienced migraine, with 296 students (57.3%) from the class of 2012 and 277 students (58.9%) from the class of 2013. This finding suggests that there may be cultural or genetic factors that contribute to the higher prevalence of migraine among the Batak tribe.

Analysis of Symptoms and Impacts

Headache Duration

Most students experienced headache duration between 4-24 hours, with varying intensity. This finding suggests that the duration of migraine attacks can vary significantly among students.

Additional Symptoms

Additional symptoms such as nausea and photophobia were also often reported. These symptoms can significantly impact the quality of life of students, making it difficult for them to concentrate in class or perform daily activities.

Impact of Migraine

The impact of migraine was quite significant, with students reporting difficulties in concentrating in class, even some absent because they had to rest. This finding highlights the need for effective management and prevention strategies to minimize the impact of migraine on students.

This study shows that migraine is more commonly experienced by female students in both classes, with variations in clinical manifestations, symptoms, and risk factors. A more intensive counseling effort is needed regarding migraine among USU FK students, especially related to risk factors and the importance of maintaining health to prevent migraine attacks.

Comprehensive counseling about migraine should be strengthened to increase student awareness about migraine prevention and management. Thus, students are expected to be able to maintain their health better and minimize the impacts caused by migraine in their academic and daily activities.

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

  1. Counseling and Education: Comprehensive counseling and education about migraine should be provided to all students, focusing on risk factors, symptoms, and prevention strategies.
  2. Health Promotion: Health promotion activities should be implemented to encourage students to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, balanced diet, and adequate sleep.
  3. Early Detection and Management: Early detection and management of migraine should be emphasized, including the use of medication and other non-pharmacological interventions.
  4. Support System: A support system should be established to provide emotional support and guidance to students who experience migraine, including counseling and peer support groups.

By implementing these recommendations, it is hoped that the prevalence of migraine among USU FK students can be reduced, and their quality of life can be improved.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Migraine among Students

Q: What is migraine?

A: Migraine is a type of headache disorder that is often complained of in the medical world, particularly among students. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of severe headache, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound.

Q: What are the common symptoms of migraine?

A: The common symptoms of migraine include:

  • Severe headache, often on one side of the head
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Sensitivity to light and sound
  • Dizziness and loss of balance
  • Blurred vision
  • Tingling or numbness in the face or extremities

Q: Who is more likely to experience migraine?

A: Female students are more likely to experience migraine than male students. Additionally, students who are in their early twenties are more likely to experience migraine than those who are older.

Q: What are the risk factors for migraine?

A: The risk factors for migraine include:

  • Family history of migraine
  • Female gender
  • Age (early twenties)
  • Stress and anxiety
  • Poor sleep habits
  • Irregular meal times
  • Caffeine and nicotine consumption

Q: How can I prevent migraine?

A: To prevent migraine, you can try the following:

  • Maintain a regular sleep schedule
  • Eat regular meals and avoid skipping meals
  • Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water
  • Engage in regular physical activity, such as walking or yoga
  • Practice stress-reducing techniques, such as meditation or deep breathing
  • Avoid triggers, such as caffeine, nicotine, and certain foods

Q: What are the treatment options for migraine?

A: The treatment options for migraine include:

  • Over-the-counter pain medications, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen
  • Prescription medications, such as triptans or ergotamines
  • Lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding triggers and maintaining a regular sleep schedule
  • Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture or massage

Q: Can I manage migraine on my own?

A: While it is possible to manage migraine on your own, it is often helpful to work with a healthcare professional to develop a treatment plan. A healthcare professional can help you identify your triggers, develop a prevention plan, and provide guidance on managing symptoms.

Q: How can I support a friend or family member who experiences migraine?

A: To support a friend or family member who experiences migraine, you can try the following:

  • Listen to them and offer emotional support
  • Help them develop a prevention plan and provide guidance on managing symptoms
  • Accompany them to medical appointments and provide transportation
  • Help them with daily tasks, such as cooking and cleaning
  • Encourage them to engage in stress-reducing activities, such as meditation or deep breathing

By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for migraine, you can better support yourself or a loved one who experiences this condition.