Cloud Services (SNYK)- High Vulnerabilities

Introduction

Cloud services are a crucial part of modern computing, providing scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. However, with the increasing adoption of cloud services, the risk of vulnerabilities and security breaches also grows. In this article, we will discuss the high vulnerabilities found in cloud services using the SNYK vulnerability scanner.

Vulnerability Report

The vulnerability report was generated on 13/03/2025, and it covers a period of 10 days. The report highlights the following high vulnerabilities:

Heap-based Buffer Overflow

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • nss-tools 3.90.0-2.amzn2.0.1
  • nss-sysinit 3.90.0-2.amzn2.0.1
  • nss 3.90.0-2.amzn2.0.1
• Description: A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability can occur when the nss-tools, nss-sysinit, or nss packages are used. This can lead to arbitrary code execution.

Denial of Service (DoS)

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • io.netty:netty-codec-http2 4.1.97.Final
  • ch.qos.logback:logback-classic 1.4.11
  • ch.qos.logback:logback-core 1.4.11
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.13
• Description: A denial of service vulnerability can occur when the io.netty:netty-codec-http2, ch.qos.logback:logback-classic, ch.qos.logback:logback-core, or org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core packages are used. This can lead to a crash or hang of the application.

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption ('Resource Exhaustion')

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • ch.qos.logback:logback-core 1.4.11
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.13
• Description: An uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability can occur when the ch.qos.logback:logback-core or org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core packages are used. This can lead to a resource exhaustion attack.

Improper Input Validation

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.13
• Description: An improper input validation vulnerability can occur when the org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core package is used. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • com.nimbusds:nimbus-jose-jwt 9.30.1
  • com.nimbusds:nimbus-jose-jwt 9.37
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.22
  • software.amazon.ion:ion-java 1.0.2
  • systemd/libsystemd0 252.22-1~deb12u1
  • cpio 2.12-11.amzn2
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.22
  • java-21-amazon-corretto-headless 1:21.0.3+9-1.amzn2023.1
  • java-21-amazon-corretto-devel 1:21.0.3+9-1.amzn2023.1
  • java-21-amazon-corretto 1:21.0.3+9-1.amzn2023.1
  • java-21-amazon-corretto-jmods 1:21.0.3+9-1.amzn2023.1
  • python3-setuptools-wheel 59.6.0-2.amzn2023.0.4
  • org.json:json 20230227
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.24
  • org.springframework:spring-webflux 6.1.10
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.10
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.12
  • com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java 3.19.6
  • com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java 3.19.6
  • com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java 3.19.6
  • com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java 4.27.1
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.24.0
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.24.0
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.24.0
  • org.json:json 20230227
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.24
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.8
  • go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc v0.42.0
  • k8s.io/apimachinery v0.29.2
  • golang.org/x/net v0.29.0
  • golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.21.0
• Description: An allocation of resources without limits or throttling vulnerability can occur when the above packages are used. This can lead to a resource exhaustion attack.

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • go 1.23.3
• Description: A cross-site request forgery vulnerability can occur when the go package is used. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Authentication Bypass

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • org.springframework.security:spring-security-core 6.1.4
  • org.springframework.security:spring-security-web 6.2.1
• Description: An authentication bypass vulnerability can occur when the org.springframework.security:spring-security-core or org.springframework.security:spring-security-web packages are used. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Open Redirect

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • org.springframework:spring-web 6.0.12
  • org.springframework:spring-web 6.1.3
• Description: An open redirect vulnerability can occur when the org.springframework:spring-web package is used. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Path Traversal

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • org.springframework:spring-webflux 6.1.10
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.10
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.12
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.12
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.12
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.12
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.10
  • org.springframework:spring-webmvc 6.1.10
• Description: A path traversal vulnerability can occur when the above packages are used. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java 3.19.6
  • com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java 3.19.6
  • com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java 3.19.6
  • com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java 4.27.1
• Description: A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability can occur when the above packages are used. This can lead to arbitrary code execution.

Infinite Loop

• Project name: Stackspot Cloud
• Vulnerable resources:
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.22
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.22
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.22
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.24.0
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.24.0
  • org.apache.commons:commons-compress 1.24.0
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.20
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.20
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.20
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 10.1.24
  • `org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
    Cloud Services (SNYK) - High Vulnerabilities Q&A =====================================================

Q: What are the high vulnerabilities found in cloud services using the SNYK vulnerability scanner? A: The high vulnerabilities found in cloud services using the SNYK vulnerability scanner include heap-based buffer overflow, denial of service (DoS), uncontrolled resource consumption, improper input validation, allocation of resources without limits or throttling, cross-site request forgery (CSRF), authentication bypass, open redirect, path traversal, stack-based buffer overflow, infinite loop, and resource exhaustion.

Q: What is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability? A: A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability occurs when a program attempts to write data to a buffer on the heap that is not large enough to hold the data, causing the program to overwrite adjacent memory locations. This can lead to arbitrary code execution.

Q: What is a denial of service (DoS) vulnerability? A: A denial of service (DoS) vulnerability occurs when a program is unable to process requests due to a resource exhaustion attack. This can lead to a crash or hang of the application.

Q: What is an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability? A: An uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability occurs when a program consumes resources such as memory or CPU without limits or throttling. This can lead to a resource exhaustion attack.

Q: What is an improper input validation vulnerability? A: An improper input validation vulnerability occurs when a program fails to validate user input, allowing an attacker to inject malicious data. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Q: What is an allocation of resources without limits or throttling vulnerability? A: An allocation of resources without limits or throttling vulnerability occurs when a program allocates resources such as memory or CPU without limits or throttling. This can lead to a resource exhaustion attack.

Q: What is a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability? A: A cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability occurs when a program fails to validate user input, allowing an attacker to inject malicious data. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Q: What is an authentication bypass vulnerability? A: An authentication bypass vulnerability occurs when a program fails to authenticate users, allowing an attacker to access the system without proper authorization.

Q: What is an open redirect vulnerability? A: An open redirect vulnerability occurs when a program fails to validate user input, allowing an attacker to inject malicious data. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Q: What is a path traversal vulnerability? A: A path traversal vulnerability occurs when a program fails to validate user input, allowing an attacker to inject malicious data. This can lead to a security vulnerability.

Q: What is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability? A: A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability occurs when a program attempts to write data to a buffer on the stack that is not large enough to hold the data, causing the program to overwrite adjacent memory locations. This can lead to arbitrary code execution.

Q: What is an infinite loop vulnerability? A: An infinite loop vulnerability occurs when a program enters an infinite loop, causing the program to consume resources without limits or throttling. This can lead to a resource exhaustion attack.

Q: How can I prevent these vulnerabilities in my cloud services? A: To prevent these vulnerabilities in your cloud services, you should:

• Validate user input to prevent malicious data from being injected
• Implement proper authentication and authorization mechanisms
• Use secure coding practices to prevent buffer overflows and other security vulnerabilities
• Monitor your system for resource exhaustion attacks
• Regularly update and patch your software to prevent known vulnerabilities

Q: What are the consequences of not addressing these vulnerabilities? A: The consequences of not addressing these vulnerabilities can include:

• Arbitrary code execution
• Denial of service (DoS) attacks
• Resource exhaustion attacks
• Security vulnerabilities
• Data breaches
• Financial losses

Q: How can I detect these vulnerabilities in my cloud services? A: You can detect these vulnerabilities in your cloud services using the SNYK vulnerability scanner. The SNYK vulnerability scanner can identify vulnerabilities in your cloud services and provide recommendations for remediation.

Q: How can I remediate these vulnerabilities in my cloud services? A: You can remediate these vulnerabilities in your cloud services by:

• Validating user input to prevent malicious data from being injected
• Implementing proper authentication and authorization mechanisms
• Using secure coding practices to prevent buffer overflows and other security vulnerabilities
• Monitoring your system for resource exhaustion attacks
• Regularly updating and patching your software to prevent known vulnerabilities

Q: What are the best practices for securing my cloud services? A: The best practices for securing your cloud services include:

• Validating user input to prevent malicious data from being injected
• Implementing proper authentication and authorization mechanisms
• Using secure coding practices to prevent buffer overflows and other security vulnerabilities
• Monitoring your system for resource exhaustion attacks
• Regularly updating and patching your software to prevent known vulnerabilities
• Implementing a vulnerability management program to identify and remediate vulnerabilities in your cloud services.