Choose All That Apply.Which Of The Following Individuals Or Groups Openly Criticized Roosevelt's New Deal?- The Supreme Court- Liberty League- Huey Long- The National Association Of Manufacturers

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The New Deal, a series of programs and policies implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression, was a significant turning point in American history. While the New Deal provided relief and recovery to millions of Americans, it also faced intense criticism from various individuals and groups. In this article, we will explore the individuals and groups that openly criticized Roosevelt's New Deal.

The Supreme Court: A Major Obstacle to the New Deal

The Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes, was a major obstacle to the New Deal. The Court's conservative justices, who were appointed by previous Republican presidents, were skeptical of the New Deal's expansion of federal power and its impact on individual liberties. In a series of landmark decisions, the Court struck down several key New Deal programs, including the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) and the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA).

The Court's decisions were a significant blow to Roosevelt's New Deal, as they limited the president's ability to implement his policies. However, the Court's actions also sparked a constitutional crisis, as Roosevelt considered packing the Court with liberal justices to counterbalance the conservative majority. This move, known as the "Court-packing plan," was ultimately defeated in Congress, but it highlighted the deep divisions between the president and the judiciary.

The Liberty League: A Conservative Organization

The Liberty League was a conservative organization that was founded in 1934 to oppose the New Deal. The League was made up of wealthy businessmen, politicians, and intellectuals who were concerned about the impact of the New Deal on individual liberties and the free market. The League's leaders, including John W. Davis and Alfred E. Smith, were prominent figures in American politics, and their opposition to the New Deal was a significant challenge to Roosevelt's policies.

The Liberty League's criticism of the New Deal was based on its belief that the programs were unconstitutional and would lead to socialism and government control of the economy. The League argued that the New Deal was a threat to individual liberties and would undermine the principles of limited government and free enterprise. While the Liberty League's views were not representative of the majority of Americans, its opposition to the New Deal was an important factor in shaping the debate over the president's policies.

Huey Long: A Populist Critic of the New Deal

Huey Long, the governor of Louisiana, was a populist critic of the New Deal. Long was a charismatic leader who was known for his radical policies and his attacks on the wealthy elite. While Long was not opposed to government intervention in the economy, he believed that the New Deal was too focused on helping the wealthy and did not do enough to address the needs of the poor.

Long's criticism of the New Deal was based on his belief that the programs were too narrow in scope and did not address the root causes of poverty and inequality. Long argued that the New Deal was a "rich man's deal" that would only benefit the wealthy and large corporations, while ignoring the needs of the working class. While Long's views were not representative of the majority of Americans, his criticism of the New Deal was an important factor in shaping the debate over the president's policies.

The National Association of Manufacturers: A Business Organization

The National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) was a business organization that was founded in 1895 to promote the interests of American manufacturers. The NAM was a vocal critic of the New Deal, arguing that the programs were too focused on helping labor unions and did not do enough to promote business interests.

The NAM's criticism of the New Deal was based on its belief that the programs were too regulatory and would undermine the principles of free enterprise. The NAM argued that the New Deal was a threat to American business and would lead to a decline in economic growth and prosperity. While the NAM's views were not representative of the majority of Americans, its opposition to the New Deal was an important factor in shaping the debate over the president's policies.

Conclusion

The New Deal was a significant turning point in American history, but it also faced intense criticism from various individuals and groups. The Supreme Court, the Liberty League, Huey Long, and the National Association of Manufacturers were all vocal critics of the New Deal, arguing that the programs were unconstitutional, too focused on helping the wealthy, or a threat to individual liberties and free enterprise.

While the New Deal ultimately prevailed, its critics played an important role in shaping the debate over the president's policies. The New Deal's legacy continues to be felt today, with many of its programs and policies remaining in place. However, the controversy surrounding the New Deal serves as a reminder of the ongoing debate over the role of government in the economy and the balance between individual liberties and collective welfare.

References

  • Bernstein, M. (2009). A Perilous Progress: 1930-1941. Little, Brown and Company.
  • Brinkley, A. (1995). The End of Reform: New Deal Liberalism in Recession and War. Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Leuchtenburg, W. E. (1963). Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1940. Harper & Row.
  • Schlesinger, A. M. (1957). The Politics of Upheaval. Houghton Mifflin Company.
    Q&A: The New Deal and its Critics =====================================

The New Deal, a series of programs and policies implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression, was a significant turning point in American history. While the New Deal provided relief and recovery to millions of Americans, it also faced intense criticism from various individuals and groups. In this article, we will answer some of the most frequently asked questions about the New Deal and its critics.

Q: What was the main goal of the New Deal?

A: The main goal of the New Deal was to provide relief and recovery to Americans who were suffering during the Great Depression. The New Deal aimed to create jobs, stimulate economic growth, and provide financial assistance to those in need.

Q: Who were the main critics of the New Deal?

A: The main critics of the New Deal were the Supreme Court, the Liberty League, Huey Long, and the National Association of Manufacturers. These groups argued that the New Deal was unconstitutional, too focused on helping the wealthy, or a threat to individual liberties and free enterprise.

Q: What was the Supreme Court's role in the New Deal?

A: The Supreme Court played a significant role in the New Deal, as it struck down several key programs, including the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) and the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA). The Court's decisions limited the president's ability to implement his policies and sparked a constitutional crisis.

Q: What was the Liberty League's opposition to the New Deal?

A: The Liberty League opposed the New Deal on the grounds that it was unconstitutional and would lead to socialism and government control of the economy. The League argued that the New Deal was a threat to individual liberties and would undermine the principles of limited government and free enterprise.

Q: What was Huey Long's criticism of the New Deal?

A: Huey Long criticized the New Deal for being too focused on helping the wealthy and not doing enough to address the needs of the poor. Long argued that the New Deal was a "rich man's deal" that would only benefit the wealthy and large corporations, while ignoring the needs of the working class.

Q: What was the National Association of Manufacturers' opposition to the New Deal?

A: The National Association of Manufacturers opposed the New Deal on the grounds that it was too regulatory and would undermine the principles of free enterprise. The NAM argued that the New Deal was a threat to American business and would lead to a decline in economic growth and prosperity.

Q: How did the New Deal ultimately prevail?

A: The New Deal ultimately prevailed through a combination of factors, including the president's leadership, the support of Congress, and the changing economic conditions of the time. The New Deal's programs and policies continued to evolve and adapt to the needs of the American people, and its legacy continues to be felt today.

Q: What is the significance of the New Deal's critics?

A: The New Deal's critics played an important role in shaping the debate over the president's policies and the role of government in the economy. The critics' opposition to the New Deal highlighted the ongoing debate over the balance between individual liberties and collective welfare, and their views continue to influence American politics today.

Q: What can we learn from the New Deal and its critics?

A: We can learn several lessons from the New Deal and its critics. First, the New Deal shows that government intervention in the economy can be effective in times of crisis. Second, the critics of the New Deal highlight the ongoing debate over the role of government in the economy and the balance between individual liberties and collective welfare. Finally, the New Deal's legacy continues to be felt today, and its programs and policies remain an important part of American history.

References

  • Bernstein, M. (2009). A Perilous Progress: 1930-1941. Little, Brown and Company.
  • Brinkley, A. (1995). The End of Reform: New Deal Liberalism in Recession and War. Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Leuchtenburg, W. E. (1963). Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1940. Harper & Row.
  • Schlesinger, A. M. (1957). The Politics of Upheaval. Houghton Mifflin Company.