Characteristics Of Senilis Cataract Patients Carried Out By Cataract Surgery At H.Adam Malik Hospital Medan In 2012

Characteristics of Senilis Cataract Patients Carried Out by Cataract Surgery at H.Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2012

Introduction

Cataracts are one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, characterized by cloudiness on the lens of the eye. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a person is considered to have cataracts if their vision is less than 3/60. Cataract surgery is a crucial solution to improve this condition, especially in patients who experience significant cloudiness and are affected in their daily vision. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of Senilis cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) Adam Malik in Medan, in 2012.

Background

Cataracts are a common age-related condition that affects millions of people worldwide. The condition is characterized by the clouding of the lens in the eye, which can lead to vision loss if left untreated. Cataract surgery is a common treatment option for patients who experience significant vision loss due to cataracts. The surgery involves the removal of the cloudy lens and replacement with an artificial lens, known as an intraocular lens (IOL).

Methodology

This study used a retrospective observational descriptive method to investigate the characteristics of Senilis cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) Adam Malik in Medan, in 2012. A total of 152 patients who experienced cataracts of senile and underwent surgery between January to December 2012 were investigated. The patients were analyzed based on age and sex, sharp vision average before and after surgery, history of systemic diseases, the use of planting lenses, as well as the most common type of surgery.

Results

The results of this study showed that most patients aged between 60 to 69 years, with as many as 73 people or 48% of the total samples. Of the total samples, there were 89 male patients (58.5%) and 63 female patients (41.4%). The sharp average vision before surgery was found in 48 patients with a value of 1/300 (31.5%). The most common history of systemic disease was diabetes mellitus, which was seen in 43.4% of patients. Surgery involved the use of planting lenses at 92.1% of cases, with an average planting lens strength of 20.00 D (23.5%). After surgery, as many as 60 samples (39.4%) experienced sharp vision below 6/18 to 6/60. The most commonly used type of surgery was the extraction of cataract capsules (ECCE), which was carried out in 118 patients or 77.6%.

Discussion

The results of this study provide valuable insights into the characteristics of Senilis cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) Adam Malik in Medan, in 2012. The study found that the largest age group undergoing senile cataract surgery was 60-69 years, with more male patients than women. The sharp average vision before surgery was 1/300, and diabetes mellitus was the most common history of systemic diseases. Patients who underwent surgery generally used planting lenses with a strength of 20.00 D. After surgery, around 39.4% of patients had sharp vision between 6/18 to 6/60, while cataract surgery was the most commonly done ECCE type.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable information for medical personnel and decision-making in handling cataract cases in the future. The study's findings can help healthcare professionals to better understand the characteristics of Senilis cataract patients and to develop more effective treatment plans. Additionally, the study's results can inform healthcare policy and resource allocation decisions related to cataract surgery.

Recommendations

Based on the study's findings, the following recommendations are made:

• Healthcare professionals should be aware of the characteristics of Senilis cataract patients, including their age, sex, and history of systemic diseases.
• Cataract surgery should be performed using the most common type of surgery, which is the extraction of cataract capsules (ECCE).
• Patients who undergo cataract surgery should be monitored for sharp vision after surgery, with a focus on patients who experience sharp vision below 6/18 to 6/60.
• Healthcare professionals should be aware of the most common history of systemic diseases, which is diabetes mellitus, and take this into account when developing treatment plans for patients with cataracts.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

• The study was conducted at a single hospital, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
• The study only included patients who underwent cataract surgery between January to December 2012, which may not reflect the current characteristics of Senilis cataract patients.
• The study did not control for other factors that may influence the characteristics of Senilis cataract patients, such as socioeconomic status and access to healthcare.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to:

• Investigate the characteristics of Senilis cataract patients in different populations and settings.
• Examine the effectiveness of different types of cataract surgery and the factors that influence patient outcomes.
• Develop more effective treatment plans for patients with cataracts, taking into account their individual characteristics and needs.

References

• World Health Organization. (2019). Cataract.
• Central General Hospital (RSUP) Adam Malik. (2012). Annual Report.
• National Eye Institute. (2019). Cataract.

Appendices

• Table 1: Demographic characteristics of patients who underwent cataract surgery.
• Table 2: Sharp vision average before and after surgery.
• Table 3: History of systemic diseases.
• Table 4: Use of planting lenses.
• Table 5: Most common type of surgery.
  Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Senilis Cataract Patients and Cataract Surgery

Q: What is a cataract?

A: A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye that affects vision. It is a common age-related condition that can cause vision loss if left untreated.

Q: What is Senilis cataract?

A: Senilis cataract is a type of cataract that occurs in older adults, typically after the age of 60. It is characterized by a gradual clouding of the lens in the eye.

Q: What are the symptoms of Senilis cataract?

A: The symptoms of Senilis cataract may include:

• Blurry or cloudy vision
• Double vision
• Sensitivity to light
• Difficulty seeing at night
• Difficulty reading or performing daily activities

Q: What is cataract surgery?

A: Cataract surgery is a surgical procedure to remove the cloudy lens in the eye and replace it with an artificial lens, known as an intraocular lens (IOL).

Q: What are the benefits of cataract surgery?

A: The benefits of cataract surgery include:

• Improved vision
• Reduced risk of vision loss
• Increased independence
• Improved quality of life

Q: What are the risks of cataract surgery?

A: The risks of cataract surgery include:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Retinal detachment
• Cataract recurrence
• Vision loss

Q: What are the different types of cataract surgery?

A: The different types of cataract surgery include:

• Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE)
• Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE)
• Phacoemulsification
• Laser-assisted cataract surgery

Q: What is the most common type of cataract surgery?

A: The most common type of cataract surgery is phacoemulsification, which involves the use of a laser to break up the cloudy lens and remove it.

Q: How long does cataract surgery take?

A: Cataract surgery typically takes around 30 minutes to an hour to perform.

Q: How long does it take to recover from cataract surgery?

A: The recovery time from cataract surgery can vary depending on the individual, but most people can return to their normal activities within a few days to a week.

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on both eyes at the same time?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on both eyes at the same time, but this is typically only done in cases where the cataracts are severe and the patient is at high risk of vision loss.

Q: What are the costs associated with cataract surgery?

A: The costs associated with cataract surgery can vary depending on the location, surgeon, and type of surgery, but on average, the cost can range from $2,000 to $5,000 per eye.

Q: Is cataract surgery covered by insurance?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery may be covered by insurance, but this depends on the individual's insurance plan and the specific circumstances of the surgery.

Q: What are the long-term results of cataract surgery?

A: The long-term results of cataract surgery are generally good, with most people experiencing improved vision and reduced risk of vision loss.

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on patients with other eye conditions?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on patients with other eye conditions, such as glaucoma or age-related macular degeneration, but this depends on the individual's specific circumstances and the severity of the condition.

Q: What are the potential complications of cataract surgery?

A: The potential complications of cataract surgery include:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Retinal detachment
• Cataract recurrence
• Vision loss

Q: How can I find a qualified surgeon to perform cataract surgery?

A: To find a qualified surgeon to perform cataract surgery, you can:

• Ask for referrals from friends or family members
• Check with your primary care physician or eye doctor for recommendations
• Check with professional organizations, such as the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO)
• Check online reviews and ratings

Q: What are the steps I need to take before cataract surgery?

A: Before cataract surgery, you should:

• Schedule a consultation with a qualified surgeon
• Discuss your medical history and any medications you are taking
• Discuss your expectations and goals for the surgery
• Follow any pre-operative instructions provided by your surgeon

Q: What are the steps I need to take after cataract surgery?

A: After cataract surgery, you should:

• Follow any post-operative instructions provided by your surgeon
• Attend follow-up appointments with your surgeon
• Take any medications as directed by your surgeon
• Avoid heavy lifting, bending, or strenuous activities for a few days

Q: How can I reduce my risk of complications from cataract surgery?

A: To reduce your risk of complications from cataract surgery, you should:

• Follow any pre-operative and post-operative instructions provided by your surgeon
• Attend follow-up appointments with your surgeon
• Take any medications as directed by your surgeon
• Avoid heavy lifting, bending, or strenuous activities for a few days

Q: What are the potential risks of cataract surgery in patients with certain medical conditions?

A: The potential risks of cataract surgery in patients with certain medical conditions include:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Retinal detachment
• Cataract recurrence
• Vision loss

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on patients with a history of eye surgery?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on patients with a history of eye surgery, but this depends on the individual's specific circumstances and the severity of the condition.

Q: What are the potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with certain medical conditions?

A: The potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with certain medical conditions include:

• Improved vision
• Reduced risk of vision loss
• Increased independence
• Improved quality of life

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on patients with a history of eye disease?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on patients with a history of eye disease, but this depends on the individual's specific circumstances and the severity of the condition.

Q: What are the potential risks of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye disease?

A: The potential risks of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye disease include:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Retinal detachment
• Cataract recurrence
• Vision loss

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on patients with a history of eye trauma?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on patients with a history of eye trauma, but this depends on the individual's specific circumstances and the severity of the condition.

Q: What are the potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye trauma?

A: The potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye trauma include:

• Improved vision
• Reduced risk of vision loss
• Increased independence
• Improved quality of life

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on patients with a history of eye cancer?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on patients with a history of eye cancer, but this depends on the individual's specific circumstances and the severity of the condition.

Q: What are the potential risks of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye cancer?

A: The potential risks of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye cancer include:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Retinal detachment
• Cataract recurrence
• Vision loss

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on patients with a history of eye surgery?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on patients with a history of eye surgery, but this depends on the individual's specific circumstances and the severity of the condition.

Q: What are the potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye surgery?

A: The potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye surgery include:

• Improved vision
• Reduced risk of vision loss
• Increased independence
• Improved quality of life

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on patients with a history of eye disease?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on patients with a history of eye disease, but this depends on the individual's specific circumstances and the severity of the condition.

Q: What are the potential risks of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye disease?

A: The potential risks of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye disease include:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Retinal detachment
• Cataract recurrence
• Vision loss

Q: Can cataract surgery be performed on patients with a history of eye trauma?

A: In some cases, cataract surgery can be performed on patients with a history of eye trauma, but this depends on the individual's specific circumstances and the severity of the condition.

Q: What are the potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye trauma?

A: The potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with a history of eye trauma include:

• Improved vision
• Reduced risk of vision loss
• Increased