Characteristics Of Patients Taken By Tracheostomy At H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan In 2012 - 2017

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Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Tracheostomy at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2012-2017

Introduction

Tracheostomy, a surgical procedure that involves making holes in the trachea (throat) to help breathing, is a medical action that is often done to deal with patients with respiratory disorders and upper respiratory tract blockage. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of patients undergoing tracheostomy at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) H. Adam Malik Medan during the period January 2012 to December 2017. Understanding the characteristics of patients undergoing tracheostomy is crucial in improving the quality of tracheostomy services and reducing complications.

Methodology

This study was conducted using the Lintang Cut Method, by observing tracheostomy patient data in the ENT-HNS Department of H. Adam Malik RSUP Medan. The data analyzed include age, gender, indication, type of procedure, location of stoma, complications, and deanulation. The study aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics of tracheostomy patients at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan during the 2012-2017 period.

Results

The results showed that as many as 159 patients underwent tracheostomy in that time span. The age of the patient ranges from 1 to 85 years, with a male and female ratio of 4.9: 1. The most age of patients is in the range of 46-60 years, with an average age of 54.5 years. The most common indication for tracheostomy is the upper airway blockage that occurs in 129 cases (81.1%). As many as 82% of tracheostomy is carried out electively, while 17% is carried out emergency.

The type of incision most often used is horizontal incisions in 97 cases (61%). The location of the stoma is most often at the bottom in 95 cases (59.7%), compared to the location of the stoma at the top (40.3%). The study found that 71 cases (46.7%) underwent complications, and 34 cases (21.4%) underwent the deanulation.

Discussion

The study provides an overview of the characteristics of tracheostomy patients at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan during the 2012-2017 period. The results show that the majority of patients undergoing tracheostomy are male, with a higher male ratio. This may be related to risk factors such as smoking, chronic diseases, and accidents.

The dominance of the upper airway blockage as an indication of tracheostomy indicates the importance of early treatment in this condition. A higher proportion of elective tracheostomy shows that this procedure is often planned and carried out by considering the patient's condition.

The location of the stoma at the bottom is more often chosen as possible because of easier access and lower risk of complications. A fairly high complication number shows the need for an increase in standard procedures and post-trakeostomy management.

Further Analysis

Male and Female Ratio

The higher male ratio shows the possibility that tracheostomy is more often done in men. This may be related to risk factors such as smoking, chronic diseases, and accidents.

Indications

The dominance of the upper airway blockage as an indication of tracheostomy indicates the importance of early treatment in this condition.

Type of Procedure

A higher proportion of elective tracheostomy shows that this procedure is often planned and carried out by considering the patient's condition.

Stoma Location

The location of the stoma at the bottom is more often chosen as possible because of easier access and lower risk of complications.

Complications

A fairly high complication number shows the need for an increase in standard procedures and post-trakeostomy management.

Recommendation

  • Increased education to the public about the importance of preventing diseases that can cause the upper airway blockage.
  • The formation of a multidisciplinary team to handle tracheostomy patients, including ENT doctors, nurses, and physiotherapists.
  • Application of protocols and strict standard procedures to minimize complications.
  • Increased monitoring and evaluation of tracheostomy patients to ensure the success of the action and prevent complications.

Conclusion

This study provides an overview of the characteristics of patients undergoing tracheostomy at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan during the 2012-2017 period. The results show that the majority of patients undergoing tracheostomy are male, with a higher male ratio. The dominance of the upper airway blockage as an indication of tracheostomy indicates the importance of early treatment in this condition. A higher proportion of elective tracheostomy shows that this procedure is often planned and carried out by considering the patient's condition.

The study recommends increased education to the public about the importance of preventing diseases that can cause the upper airway blockage, the formation of a multidisciplinary team to handle tracheostomy patients, application of protocols and strict standard procedures to minimize complications, and increased monitoring and evaluation of tracheostomy patients to ensure the success of the action and prevent complications.

Limitation

This study has several limitations. The study was conducted using the Lintang Cut Method, which may not be representative of the entire population. The study only analyzed data from H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan, which may not be representative of other hospitals. The study did not control for other factors that may affect the results.

Future Study

Future studies should aim to replicate this study in other hospitals and populations to confirm the findings. Future studies should also aim to control for other factors that may affect the results. Future studies should also aim to explore the long-term outcomes of tracheostomy patients.

References

  • [1] [Reference 1]
  • [2] [Reference 2]
  • [3] [Reference 3]

Note: The references should be included in the actual article, but I have not included them here as they are not provided.
Q&A: Tracheostomy at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2012-2017

Introduction

Tracheostomy, a surgical procedure that involves making holes in the trachea (throat) to help breathing, is a medical action that is often done to deal with patients with respiratory disorders and upper respiratory tract blockage. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of patients undergoing tracheostomy at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) H. Adam Malik Medan during the period January 2012 to December 2017. In this Q&A article, we will answer some of the most frequently asked questions about tracheostomy at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2012-2017.

Q: What is tracheostomy?

A: Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that involves making holes in the trachea (throat) to help breathing. It is often done to deal with patients with respiratory disorders and upper respiratory tract blockage.

Q: How many patients underwent tracheostomy at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2012-2017?

A: As many as 159 patients underwent tracheostomy at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2012-2017.

Q: What is the age range of patients who underwent tracheostomy?

A: The age of the patient ranges from 1 to 85 years.

Q: What is the most common indication for tracheostomy?

A: The most common indication for tracheostomy is the upper airway blockage, which occurs in 81.1% of cases.

Q: What is the type of incision most often used in tracheostomy?

A: The type of incision most often used is horizontal incisions, which is used in 61% of cases.

Q: Where is the stoma most often located?

A: The stoma is most often located at the bottom, which is used in 59.7% of cases.

Q: What is the complication rate of tracheostomy?

A: The complication rate of tracheostomy is 46.7%, which means that 71 cases out of 159 patients experienced complications.

Q: What are the recommendations for improving tracheostomy services?

A: The recommendations for improving tracheostomy services include increased education to the public about the importance of preventing diseases that can cause the upper airway blockage, the formation of a multidisciplinary team to handle tracheostomy patients, application of protocols and strict standard procedures to minimize complications, and increased monitoring and evaluation of tracheostomy patients to ensure the success of the action and prevent complications.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The study has several limitations, including the use of the Lintang Cut Method, which may not be representative of the entire population, and the study only analyzed data from H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan, which may not be representative of other hospitals.

Q: What are the future directions for research on tracheostomy?

A: Future studies should aim to replicate this study in other hospitals and populations to confirm the findings, control for other factors that may affect the results, and explore the long-term outcomes of tracheostomy patients.

Conclusion

Tracheostomy is a medical action that is often done to deal with patients with respiratory disorders and upper respiratory tract blockage. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of patients undergoing tracheostomy at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) H. Adam Malik Medan during the period January 2012 to December 2017. In this Q&A article, we have answered some of the most frequently asked questions about tracheostomy at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2012-2017.