Characteristics Of Chronic Rinosinusitis Patients At H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan In 2008
Characteristics of Chronic Rinosinusitis Patients at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2008
Introduction
Rinosinusitis is a common disease that affects millions of people worldwide, causing significant morbidity and high health costs. In Indonesia, the prevalence of rinosinusitis is quite high, ranking 25th out of 50 main diseases that often occur, according to data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2003. Understanding the characteristics of patients with rinosinusitis is crucial for developing effective health programs and improving patient treatment outcomes.
Research Purposes
The primary objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of chronic rinosinusitis patients treated at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2008. By analyzing the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, this study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the patient's profile, which will be useful for the handling and development of health programs in the future.
Methodology
This study employed a descriptive approach with a case series design. The study population consisted of 296 data diagnosed with chronic rinosinusitis, where all of these cases were included in this study. Data was analyzed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patient, including age, sex, occupation, and clinical symptoms.
Research Results
The results of this study revealed some interesting findings. The highest proportion of chronic rinosinusitis patients is found in the 28-35 years of age, which is 20.61%. A total of 88.18% of patients aged over 18 years, with details of 42.91% of men and 57.09% of women. Apparently, 28.7% of total patients are housewives.
The most common complaint experienced by patients is congestion nasal (75.3%). The examination results also showed that single rinosinusitis was seen in 87.8% of patients in the plain photo of paranasal sinuses, while 44.4% of patients show multicinusitis on the examination of the paranasal sinus CT scan.
Through further examination, there are significant differences in the number of sinuses involved in patients, which are evaluated through plain photos and Paranasal sinus CT scan (P = 0,000). However, no significant differences were found based on sex (p = 0.155) and the type of work (p = 0.122) to the number of sinuses involved.
Most patients (77.36%) get treatment through medical, while 80.6% of patients who need surgical interventions are carried out by the Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) procedure.
Conclusion
From the results of this study, it appears that there needs to be an increase in understanding and socialization of chronic rinosinusitis, including indications of FESS based on valid medical evidence. This effort is expected to improve the quality of patient treatment and reduce the morbidity caused by this disease at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Increased education for patients and the wider community is also important to minimize the impact of chronic rinosinusitis. With a better understanding, it is hoped that effective prevention steps and improvements in health management can be created.
Recommendations
Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:
*Increase awareness and education about chronic rinosinusitis among patients and the wider community. *Develop and implement effective health programs to improve patient treatment outcomes and reduce morbidity. *Conduct further research to determine the effectiveness of FESS in treating chronic rinosinusitis. *Develop and implement guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rinosinusitis based on valid medical evidence.
Limitations
This study has several limitations, including:
*The study population consisted of patients treated at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2008, which may not be representative of the general population. *The study design was descriptive, which may not allow for causal inferences. *The study did not control for potential confounding variables, which may have affected the results.
Future Directions
Future studies should aim to:
*Conduct a more comprehensive analysis of the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with chronic rinosinusitis.
*Investigate the effectiveness of FESS in treating chronic rinosinusitis.
*Develop and implement guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rinosinusitis based on valid medical evidence.
*Conduct further research to determine the impact of chronic rinosinusitis on patient quality of life and healthcare costs.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Chronic Rinosinusitis
Q: What is chronic rinosinusitis?
A: Chronic rinosinusitis is a type of sinusitis that lasts for more than 12 weeks. It is a common condition that affects the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull. Chronic rinosinusitis can cause symptoms such as congestion, nasal discharge, facial pain, and loss of smell.
Q: What are the symptoms of chronic rinosinusitis?
A: The symptoms of chronic rinosinusitis can vary from person to person, but common symptoms include:
*Congestion and stuffiness in the nose *Nasal discharge, which may be yellow or green in color *Facial pain and pressure *Loss of smell *Headaches *Coughing and sore throat
Q: What are the causes of chronic rinosinusitis?
A: The causes of chronic rinosinusitis are not fully understood, but several factors are thought to contribute to its development, including:
*Infection with bacteria or viruses *Allergies *Environmental factors, such as pollution and tobacco smoke *Anatomical abnormalities, such as a deviated septum *Genetic predisposition
Q: How is chronic rinosinusitis diagnosed?
A: Chronic rinosinusitis is typically diagnosed based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests, such as:
*Endoscopy: a procedure in which a flexible tube with a camera is inserted through the nose to visualize the sinuses *Computed tomography (CT) scan: a type of X-ray that uses computer technology to produce detailed images of the sinuses *Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): a type of imaging test that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the sinuses
Q: What are the treatment options for chronic rinosinusitis?
A: The treatment options for chronic rinosinusitis depend on the severity of the condition and may include:
*Medications, such as antibiotics and nasal sprays *Surgery, such as functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) *Nasal saline irrigation *Allergy testing and treatment *Environmental modifications, such as avoiding tobacco smoke and reducing exposure to pollution
Q: Can chronic rinosinusitis be prevented?
A: While there is no surefire way to prevent chronic rinosinusitis, several steps can be taken to reduce the risk of developing the condition, including:
*Avoiding tobacco smoke and secondhand smoke *Reducing exposure to pollution and other environmental irritants *Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly *Getting regular check-ups with a healthcare provider *Managing allergies and other underlying conditions
Q: How can I manage chronic rinosinusitis?
A: Managing chronic rinosinusitis requires a combination of self-care and medical treatment. Some tips for managing the condition include:
*Using nasal saline irrigation to help clear mucus and debris from the sinuses *Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly *Avoiding tobacco smoke and secondhand smoke *Reducing exposure to pollution and other environmental irritants *Getting regular check-ups with a healthcare provider
Q: What are the complications of chronic rinosinusitis?
A: Chronic rinosinusitis can lead to several complications, including:
*Sinus infections *Abscesses *Bone and cartilage damage *Vision problems *Hearing loss *Respiratory problems
Q: Can chronic rinosinusitis be cured?
*A: While chronic rinosinusitis cannot be cured, it can be managed with treatment and self-care. With proper treatment and management, many people with chronic rinosinusitis are able to lead normal, active lives.