Characteristics, Management, Therapy Response And Last Output Patients With Vaginal Cancer, Vulva Cancer, Endometrial Cancer And PTG H Adam Malik Hospital Medan 2008 - 2012

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Gynecological Cancer Overview at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan: Characteristics, Management, and Outcome

Background

Gynecological cancer is a serious disease that can threaten life, affecting millions of women worldwide. The disease is characterized by abnormal cell growth in the female reproductive organs, including the cervix, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and vagina. To increase treatment and therapy results, understanding the characteristics, management, therapy response, and final output of patients with gynecological cancer is very important. This study aims to describe the picture of patients with vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, endometrial cancer, and malignant trophoblast disease (PTG) at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan during the 2008-2012 period.

Method

This study is a retrospective descriptive study involving medical record data from all patients with vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, endometrial cancer, and PTG who are treated at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan from January 2008 to December 2012. The data analyzed includes patient characteristics, type Management, therapy response, and final output. The study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the characteristics and management of gynecological cancer patients at the hospital, as well as the therapy response and final output.

Results

A total of 115 patients were involved in this study, with endometrial cancer being the most common type of cancer. The most patient distribution is in the range of 41-55 years (36.5%), indicating that the majority of patients are in their middle age. The majority of patients (41.7%) have more than 4 parity, and most (78.3%) work as housewives. The most educational level of the most patients is SLTA (31.3%), indicating that many patients have a high school education. Patients' body mass index (BMI) is generally in the Normoweight category (71.3%), indicating that many patients have a normal weight.

The most common stage of the disease is stage III (40.9%), indicating that many patients are in the advanced stage of the disease. The most histopathology type is adenocarcinoma, which is entirely obtained from endometrial cancer (35.7%). The most widely applied primary therapy is operation (56.5%), while chemoradiation is the most commonly used secondary therapy (70.7%). This indicates that surgery is the most common primary treatment for gynecological cancer, while chemoradiation is the most common secondary treatment.

This study shows that only 41.7% of patients get complete therapy, while 58.3% of patients do not get complete therapy. Among patients who get complete therapy, most (79.2%) shows a good therapy response. The most patient's final output is living with disease (47.8%), indicating that many patients are still alive but have the disease.

Adjuvan therapy is only carried out by 36.5% of patients. The main reason the patient does not complete Adjuvan therapy is because they do not return to treatment or refuse to continue therapy. This indicates that patient compliance with therapy is a major issue in the management of gynecological cancer.

Conclusion

This study illustrates the characteristics of patients with gynecological cancer at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Endometrial cancer is the most common type of cancer, with patients aged 41-55 years, high-pities, work as a housewife, and has a Normoweight IMT category. Most patients are in stage III and have an adenocarcinoma histopathology type. Operation became the most applied primary therapy, followed by chemoradiation as secondary therapy. The success rate of therapy is influenced by patient compliance with therapy. The most patient's final output is to live with disease.

Analysis and Recommendations

The results of this study show the need to increase public awareness about gynecological cancer and the importance of early detection. Effective Educational and Screening Program Gynecological cancer is very important to increase early detection rates and increase opportunities for success therapy. It is necessary to increase patient compliance with therapy, especially in completing adjuvan therapy. This can be done by improving doctor-patient communication, providing emotional and social support to patients, and involving the patient's family in the handling process.

Increasing access to quality health services is also very important, especially for patients in remote areas who may have difficulty gaining access to cancer service centers. The government and related institutions need to increase the availability of facilities and health workers trained in the field of gynecology oncology. Further research is needed to analyze the factors that influence the final outcome of gynecological cancer patients, including patient characteristics, types of therapy, and socioeconomic factors. The results of this study can be an input for the development of prevention, early detection strategies, and more effective handling of gynecological cancer.

Implications for Practice

The findings of this study have several implications for practice. Firstly, healthcare providers need to increase awareness about gynecological cancer and the importance of early detection. This can be done through educational programs and screening services. Secondly, healthcare providers need to improve patient compliance with therapy, especially in completing adjuvan therapy. This can be done by improving doctor-patient communication, providing emotional and social support to patients, and involving the patient's family in the handling process.

Thirdly, healthcare providers need to increase access to quality health services, especially for patients in remote areas who may have difficulty gaining access to cancer service centers. This can be done by increasing the availability of facilities and health workers trained in the field of gynecology oncology. Finally, healthcare providers need to conduct further research to analyze the factors that influence the final outcome of gynecological cancer patients, including patient characteristics, types of therapy, and socioeconomic factors.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the study is a retrospective descriptive study, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Secondly, the study only includes patients who are treated at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan, which may limit the representativeness of the sample. Thirdly, the study only analyzes patient characteristics, type Management, therapy response, and final output, which may not capture other important factors that influence the outcome of gynecological cancer patients.

Future Research Directions

The findings of this study suggest several future research directions. Firstly, further research is needed to analyze the factors that influence the final outcome of gynecological cancer patients, including patient characteristics, types of therapy, and socioeconomic factors. Secondly, further research is needed to develop effective Educational and Screening Program Gynecological cancer to increase early detection rates and increase opportunities for success therapy. Thirdly, further research is needed to improve patient compliance with therapy, especially in completing adjuvan therapy.

Finally, further research is needed to increase access to quality health services, especially for patients in remote areas who may have difficulty gaining access to cancer service centers. The results of this study can be an input for the development of prevention, early detection strategies, and more effective handling of gynecological cancer.
Gynecological Cancer Overview at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan: Characteristics, Management, and Outcome - Q&A

Q: What is gynecological cancer?

A: Gynecological cancer is a type of cancer that affects the female reproductive organs, including the cervix, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and vagina.

Q: What are the common types of gynecological cancer?

A: The common types of gynecological cancer include:

  • Endometrial cancer (cancer of the uterus)
  • Cervical cancer (cancer of the cervix)
  • Ovarian cancer (cancer of the ovaries)
  • Vulvar cancer (cancer of the vulva)
  • Vaginal cancer (cancer of the vagina)
  • Malignant trophoblast disease (PTG) (cancer of the placenta)

Q: What are the risk factors for gynecological cancer?

A: The risk factors for gynecological cancer include:

  • Age: Women over 50 years old are at higher risk
  • Family history: Women with a family history of gynecological cancer are at higher risk
  • Smoking: Smoking increases the risk of cervical and ovarian cancer
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: HPV infection increases the risk of cervical cancer
  • Obesity: Obesity increases the risk of endometrial cancer
  • Hormonal factors: Hormonal factors, such as estrogen and progesterone, can increase the risk of gynecological cancer

Q: What are the symptoms of gynecological cancer?

A: The symptoms of gynecological cancer include:

  • Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge
  • Pelvic pain or discomfort
  • Abdominal pain or discomfort
  • Weight loss or loss of appetite
  • Fatigue or weakness
  • Changes in bowel or bladder habits

Q: How is gynecological cancer diagnosed?

A: Gynecological cancer is diagnosed through a combination of:

  • Physical examination
  • Imaging tests, such as ultrasound or CT scans
  • Biopsy or surgical removal of tissue for examination
  • Blood tests to check for tumor markers

Q: What are the treatment options for gynecological cancer?

A: The treatment options for gynecological cancer include:

  • Surgery: Removal of the tumor or affected organ
  • Chemotherapy: Use of medications to kill cancer cells
  • Radiation therapy: Use of high-energy rays to kill cancer cells
  • Hormone therapy: Use of medications to block the production of hormones that fuel cancer growth
  • Targeted therapy: Use of medications that target specific molecules involved in cancer growth

Q: What is the prognosis for gynecological cancer?

A: The prognosis for gynecological cancer depends on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Early detection and treatment can improve the chances of survival and reduce the risk of recurrence.

Q: How can I reduce my risk of gynecological cancer?

A: You can reduce your risk of gynecological cancer by:

  • Getting regular Pap tests and pelvic exams
  • Getting vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV)
  • Avoiding smoking and tobacco products
  • Maintaining a healthy weight and diet
  • Getting regular exercise and staying physically active
  • Getting enough sleep and managing stress

Q: Where can I get more information about gynecological cancer?

A: You can get more information about gynecological cancer from:

  • Your healthcare provider or gynecologist
  • The American Cancer Society (ACS)
  • The National Cancer Institute (NCI)
  • The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)
  • Online resources, such as the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service (CIS) or the American Cancer Society's Cancer.org website.